أندرو جونسون
أندرو جونسون | |
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رئيس الولايات المتحدة رقم 17 | |
في المنصب April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869 | |
نائب الرئيس | لا أحد |
سبقه | ابراهام لنكولن |
خلفه | يوليسيس گرانت |
16th Vice President of the United States | |
في المنصب March 4, 1865 – April 15, 1865 | |
الرئيس | ابراهام لنكولن |
سبقه | Hannibal Hamlin |
خلفه | Schuyler Colfax |
Military Governor of Tennessee | |
في المنصب March 12, 1862 – March 4, 1865 | |
عيـّنه | ابراهام لنكولن |
سبقه | Isham G. Harris |
خلفه | E. H. East (Acting) |
سناتور الولايات المتحدة عن تنسي | |
في المنصب October 8, 1857 – March 4, 1862 March 4, 1875 – July 31, 1875 | |
سبقه | James C. Jones William G. Brownlow |
خلفه | David T. Patterson David M. Key |
17th حاكم تنسي | |
في المنصب October 17, 1853 – November 3, 1857 | |
سبقه | William B. Campbell |
خلفه | Isham G. Harris |
عضو U.S. House of Representatives from تنسي's 1st district | |
في المنصب March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1853 | |
سبقه | Thomas D. Arnold |
خلفه | Brookins Campbell |
تفاصيل شخصية | |
وُلِد | Raleigh, North Carolina | ديسمبر 29, 1808
توفي | يوليو 31, 1875 Elizabethton, Tennessee | (عن عمر 66 عاماً)
القومية | American |
الحزب | Democratic National Union Independent |
المهنة | Tailor |
الدين | Christian with no denominational affiliation[1][2] |
التوقيع | ![]() |
أندرو جونسون (29 ديسمبر 1808 - 31 يوليو 1875)، الرئيس السابع عشر للولايات المتحدة الأمريكية بالفترة من 15 أبريل 1865 إلى 4 مارس 1869.
رئيس الولايات المتحدة من 1865 – 1869م. ديمقراطي، انتُخب نائبًا للرئيس عام 1864م في قائمة الحزب الاتحادي الوطني التي شملت الرئيس أبراهام لنكولن الجمهوري. أصبح جونسون رئيسًا في 15 أبريل 1865م، بعد اغتيال لنكولن.
كان جونسون الرئيس الأمريكي الوحيد الذي اتهم رسميًا بالتقصير وسوء الإدارة من مجلس النواب الأمريكي. نشأ اتهامه أساسًا بسبب اختلافه مع الكونجرس على كيفية معاملة الجنوب بعد الحرب الأهلية الأمريكية من 1861 – 1865م. في مايو 1865م، منح جونسون العفو العام لكل الجنوبيين الذين انطبقت عليهم شروط خاصة.
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انظر أيضاً
- List of American Civil War generals
- United States presidential election, 1864
- History of the United States (1865-1918)
- Tennessee Johnson
ببليوجرافيا
- Howard K. Beale, The Critical Year. A Study of Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction (1930). ISBN 0804410852
- Michael Les Benedict, The Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson (1999). ISBN 0393319822
- Boulard, Garry, "The Swing Around the Circle—Andrew Johnson and the Train Ride that Destroyed a Presidency" (2008) ISBN 978-1-4401-0239-4
- Albert E. Castel, The Presidency of Andrew Johnson (1979). ISBN 0700601902
- D. M. DeWitt, The Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson (1903).
- Du Bois, W. E. B. 'The Transubstantiation of a Poor White' in Black Reconstruction: An Essay Toward the History of the Part Which Black People Have Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860–1880 (1935). ISBN 0527252808.
- W. A. Dunning, Essays on the Civil War and Reconstruction (New York, 1898)
- W. A. Dunning, Reconstruction, Political and Economic (New York, 1907) online edition
- Foster, G. Allen, Impeached: The President who almost lost his job (New York, 1964).
- Eric L. McKitrick, Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction (1961). ISBN 0-19-505707-4
- Martin E. Mantell; Johnson, Grant, and the Politics of Reconstruction (1973)
- Hatfield, Mark O., with the Senate Historical Office, Vice Presidents of the United States, 1789–1993.(U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997), p. 219
- Howard Means, The Avenger Takes His Place: Andrew Johnson and the 45 Days That Changed the Nation (New York, 2006)
- Milton; George Fort. The Age of Hate: Andrew Johnson and the Radicals (1930) online edition
- Patton; James Welch. Unionism and Reconstruction in Tennessee, 1860–1869 (1934) online edition
- Rhodes; James Ford History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850 to the McKinley-Bryan Campaign of 1896 Volume: 6. 1920. Pulitzer prize.
- Schouler, James. History of the United States of America: Under the Constitution vol. 7. 1865–1877. The Reconstruction Period (1917)
- Sledge, James L. III. "Johnson, Andrew" in Encyclopedia of the American Civil War. edited by David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. (2000)
- Stewart, David, O. Impeached: the Trial of President Andrew Jackson and the Fight for Lincoln's Legacy (2009) Simon and Schuster, New York, NY. ISBN 978-1-4165-4749-5.
- Lloyd P. Stryker, Andrew Johnson: A Study in Courage (1929). ISBN 0-403-01231-7 online edition
- Trefousse, Hans L. Andrew Johnson: A Biography (1989). ISBN 0-393-31742-0 online edition
- Winston; Robert W. Andrew Johnson: Plebeian and Patriot (1928) online edition
Primary sources
- Ralph W. Haskins, LeRoy P. Graf, and Paul H. Bergeron et al., eds. The Papers of Andrew Johnson 16 volumes; University of Tennessee Press, (1967–2000). ISBN 1572330910. Includes all letters and speeches by Johnson, and many letters written to him. Complete to 1875.
- Newspaper clippings, 1865–1869
- Series of Harper's Weekly articles covering the impeachment controversy and trial
- Johnson's obituary, from the New York Times
الهامش
- ^ "American President: Andrew Johnson: Family Life". Miller Center of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia. Retrieved 2009-05-26.
- ^ Milton, George Fort (1930). The Age of Hate: Andrew Johnson And The Radicals. New York: Coward-McCann. p. 80. ISBN 1417916583. OCLC 739916.
As for my religion, it is the doctrine of the Bible, as taught and practiced by Jesus Christ.
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وصلات خارجية
- أعمال من Andrew Johnson في مشروع گوتنبرگ
- The Impeachment trial of President Johnson as reported in Harper's Monthly Magazine April 1868
- Obituary, NY Times, August 1, 1875, Andrew Johnson Dead
- Articles of Impeachment
- White House Biography
- Vice Presidential biography. From the Senate Historical Office.
- Mr. Lincoln's White House: Andrew Johnson
- Andrew Johnson Cleveland Speech (September 3, 1866)
- Congressional Globe transcript of Johnsons inaugural address
- Speeches of Andrew Johnson : President of the United States 1866 collection at archive.org
- Andrew Johnson's 200th Birthday Celebration site at DiscoverGreeneville.com
- Andrew Johnson: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress
- Tennessee State Library & Archives, Andrew Johnson Papers, 1846-1875
- Tennessee State Library & Archives, Papers of Governor Andrew Johnson, 1853-1857
- Tennessee State Library & Archives, Papers of (Military) Governor Andrew Johnson, 1862-1865
- أندرو جونسون at the دليل سـِيَر الكونگرس الأمريكي Retrieved on 2009-03-02
- Essay on Andrew Johnson and shorter essays on each member of his cabinet and First Lady from the Miller Center of Public Affairs
- Paper comparing the impeachments of Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton
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- United States Senators from Tennessee
- أندرو جونسون
- United States presidential candidates, 1860
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- جنرالات جيش الاتحاد
- حكام تنسي
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- Members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee
- Tennessee State Senators
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- History of the United States (1865–1918)
- ديمقراطيو تنسي
- People of Tennessee in the American Civil War
- مسؤولون مدانون بالولايات المتحدة
- Scots-Irish Americans
- People of North Carolina in the American Civil War
- People of American Reconstruction
- People from Greeneville, Tennessee
- People from Greene County, Tennessee
- مواليد 1808
- وفيات 1875
- رؤساء الولايات المتحدة في القرن 19
- نواب رؤساء الولايات المتحدة في القرن 19
- رؤساء الولايات المتحدة