الأعشاب الصينية

Dried herbs and plant portions for Chinese herbology at a Xi'an market

الأعشاب الصينية

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 الاستخدام الطبي

Ginger is consumed in China as food and as medicine.

 تاريخ

Chinese pharmacopoeia

 تصنيف الاعشاب الصيني

A Chinese herb shop in Vancouver, Canada

Chinese physicians used several different methods to classify traditional Chinese herbs:

• The Four Natures (pinyin: sìqì; simplified Chinese: 四气; traditional Chinese: 四氣; or 四性)
• The Five Tastes (五味; pinyin: wǔwèi)
• The meridians (pinyin: jīngluò; simplified Chinese: 经络; traditional Chinese: 經絡; )

The earlier (Han through Tang eras) Ben Cao (Materia Medicae) began with a three-level categorization:

• Low level -- drastic acting, toxic substances;
• Middle level -- medicinal physiological effects;
• High level -- health and spirit enhancement

 أعشاب صينية أخرى

1. Citrus reticulata (橘皮)
2. Curcumae (郁金)
3. Dalbergia odorifera (降香)
4. Hirudo medicinalis (水蛭)
5. Myrrh (没药)
6. Olibanum (乳香)
7. Persicaria (桃仁)
8. Polygonium (虎杖)
9. Sparganium (三棱)
10. Zedoary (莪朮)
11. Clematis (威灵仙)

 المصادر

 مصادر عامة

• Wong, Ming (1976). La Médecine chinoise par les plantes. Le Corps a Vivre series. Éditions Tchou.

 أنظر أيضاً

• Chinese classic herbal formula
• Compendium of Materia Medica
• Herbalism, for the use of medicinal herbs in other traditions.
• Li Shizhen
• Pharmacognosy
• Star anise
• Japanese star anise
• Traditional Chinese medicine
• TCM Materia Medica (Plant)
• Traditional Japanese medicine
• Traditional Korean medicine
• Yaoxing Lun

 وصلات خارجية

• Herbs - A comprehensive listing of Chinese herbs grouped by their action
• Chinese herb dictionary
• Classic Formulae of Traditional Chinese Medicine
• More information on Traditional Chinese Medicine
• Chinese Herbal Formulas
• Holistic Chinese Herbs

 الموارد التعليمية

• Acupuncture & Integrative Medicine College, Berkeley | Acupuncture School - Chinese Herbal Medicine (Berkeley, CA, USA)
• Tai Sophia Institute - Chinese Herb Certificate Program (Laurel, MD, USA)
• Institute of Chinese Herbology (Concord, CA, USA)

ملف:ChinesePatent-PlumFlower.png

Characteristic little black pills of Chinese patent medicine

Chinese red ginseng roots

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 50من الأعساب الأساسية

In Chinese herbology, there are 50 "fundamental" herbs, as given in the reference text , although these herbs are not universally recognized as such in other texts. The herbs are:

1. Agastache rugosa - huò xiāng (藿香)
2. Alangium chinense - bā jiǎo fēng (八角枫)
3. Anemone chinensis (syn. Pulsatilla chinensis) - bái tóu weng (白头翁)
4. Anisodus tanguticus - shān làng dàng (山莨菪)
5. Ardisia japonica - zǐ jīn niú (紫金牛)
6. Aster tataricus - zǐ wǎn (紫菀)
7. Astragalus propinquus (syn. Astragalus membranaceus) - huáng qí (黄芪) or běi qí (北芪)
8. Camellia sinensis - chá shù (茶树) or chá yè (茶叶)
9. Cannabis sativa - dà má (大麻)
10. Carthamus tinctorius - hóng huā (红花)
11. Cinnamomum cassia - ròu gùi (肉桂)
12. Cissampelos pareira - xí shēng téng (锡生藤) or (亞乎奴)
13. Coptis chinensis - duǎn è huáng lián (短萼黄连)
14. Corydalis ambigua - yán hú suǒ (延胡索)
15. Croton tiglium - bā dòu (巴豆)
16. Daphne genkwa - yuán huā (芫花)
17. Datura metel - yáng jīn huā (洋金花)
18. Datura stramonium (syn. Datura tatula) - zǐ huā màn tuó luó (紫花曼陀萝)
19. Dendrobium nobile - shí hú (石斛) or shí hú lán (石斛兰)
20. Dichroa febrifuga - cháng shān (常山)
21. Ephedra sinica - cǎo má huáng (草麻黄)
22. Eucommia ulmoides - dù zhòng (杜仲)
23. Euphorbia pekinensis - dà jǐ (大戟)
24. Flueggea suffruticosa (formerly Securinega suffruticosa) - yī yè qiū (一叶秋)
25. Forsythia suspensa - liánqiào (连翘)
26. Gentiana loureiroi - dì dīng (地丁)
27. Gleditsia sinensis - zào jiá (皂荚)
28. Glycyrrhiza uralensis - gān cǎo (甘草)
29. Hydnocarpus anthelminticus (syn. H. anthelminthica) - dà fēng zǐ (大风子)
30. Ilex purpurea - dōngqīng (冬青)
31. Leonurus japonicus - yì mǔ cǎo (益母草)
32. Ligusticum wallichii - chuān xiōng (川芎)
33. Lobelia chinensis - bàn biān lián (半边莲)
34. Phellodendron amurense - huáng bǎi (黄柏)
35. Platycladus orientalis (formerly Thuja orientalis) - cèbǎi (侧柏)
36. Pseudolarix amabilis - jīn qián sōng (金钱松)
37. Psilopeganum sinense - shān má huáng (山麻黄)
38. Pueraria lobata - gé gēn (葛根)
39. Rauwolfia serpentina - shégēnmù (蛇根木), cóng shégēnmù (從蛇根木), or yìndù shé mù (印度蛇木)
40. Rehmannia glutinosa - dìhuáng (地黄) or gān dìhuáng (干地黄)
41. Rheum officinale - yào yòng dà huáng (药用大黄)
42. Rhododendron tsinghaiense - Qīng hǎi dù juān (青海杜鹃)
43. Saussurea costus - yún mù xiāng (云木香)
44. Schisandra chinensis - wǔ wèi zi (五味子)
45. Scutellaria baicalensis - huáng qín (黄芩)
46. Stemona tuberosa - bǎi bù (百部)
47. Stephania tetrandra - fáng jǐ (防己)
48. Styphnolobium japonicum (formerly Sophora japonica) - huái (槐), huái shù (槐树), or huái huā (槐花)
49. Trichosanthes kirilowii - guā lóu (栝楼)
50. Wikstroemia indica - liǎo gē wáng (了哥王)