إيران خودرو

Iran Khodro Corporation
سابقاً
Iran National Corp. (1962-1979)
النوعPublic company
رمز التداولTSE : Iran Khodro(IKCO1)
ISIN: IRO1IKCO0008
الصناعةAutomotive
السابقIrannational
تأسست29 أغسطس 1962; منذ 61 سنة (1962-08-29
المؤسسAhmad Khayami Mahmoud Khayami
المقر الرئيسيTehran, Iran
نطاق الخدمة
الأشخاص الرئيسيون
المنتجات
الخدمات
الدخل▲ US$ 12.8 billion (2011)[1]
ربح العملياتDecrease US$ 1.03 billion (2011)[2]
إجمالي الأصول▲ US$ 32 billion (2011)
الموظفون54,000 (2012)[3]
الشركات التابعة
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.ikco.ir/en

شركة إيران خودرو (IKCO) أو مجموعة إيران خودرو الصناعية هي شركة تصنيع إيرانية هامة. كلمة 'خودرو' بالفارسية تعني 'سيارة'. شركة إيران خودرو هي شركة عملاقة تمثل أهم مصنع للسيارات في إيران للسوق المحلي وللتصدير، يقع المقر الرئيسي للشركة في العاصمة طهران. بلغت إيرادات الشركة عام 2005 نحو 7.2 مليار دولار مع أرباح بلغت بنحو 560 مليون دولار. شركة إيران خودرو أسست في 1962 على يد الشقيقين أحمد ومحمد خيامي، وقد عرفت الشركة باسم إيران ناشيونال قبل الثورة الإسلامية في 1979.

قامت الشركة بإنتاج أول سيارة وطنية إيرانية باسم سمند والتي تم إنتاجها بناءاً على طراز سيارة بيجو 405 الفرنسية. وتقوم الشركة بتجميع عدد من طرازات سيارات بيجو بترخيص من الشركة الفرنسية الأم كما تقوم بإنتاج شاحنات وحافلات بترخيص من مرسيدس بنز الألمانية.

تعتبر إيران خودرو أكبر منتج للسيارات والمركبات في الشرق الأوسط ووسط آسيا حيث تنتج مئات آلاف المركبات من طرازات عدة سنوياً من ضمنها 550 ألف من السيارات والباصات والشاحنات والشاحنات الخفيفة (pick-up)، الأمر الذي يجعلها الشركة العشرين على مستوى العالم من ناحية حجم إنتاجها من المركبات. كما أن هناك مشروع مشترك يجمع الشركة الإيرانية مع ديملر الألمانية بهدف إنتاج محركات متطورة لسيارات مرسيدس بنز حيث لتصدير تلك المحركات المنتجة في إيران إلى ألمانيا[4].

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التاريخ والتطور

الاسم

The word khodro (خودرو) means "automobile" in Persian, hence Iran Khodro means "Iran Automobile".

التأسيس

Iran Khodro was founded by Ahmad Khayami, with registered in the capital of 100,000,000 Rls, on August 29, 1962 Aliakbar Khayami, Ahmad Khayami, Mahmoud Khayami, Marzieh Khayami and Zahra Seyedy Dashty, in Ekbatan world in Tehran.

هيكلية الشركة

Iran Khodro Industrial Group (IKCO) is a public joint stock company with the objective of creation and management of factories to manufacture various types of vehicles and parts as well as selling and exporting them. IKCO produces vehicles under 13 brand names.

الحجم والانتاج

The company has become the largest vehicle manufacturer in the Middle East, Central Asia and North Africa.[5] In Iran, it is the largest vehicle manufacturing company, having an average share of 65 percent of domestic vehicle production.[6]

In 1997, IKCO broke its own production record by producing 111,111 units of various passenger cars and vans. By 2006 Iran Khodro was producing 550,000 vehicles (for the Iranian year 1384, starting on 21 March 2006).

The opening of the country's largest car assembly plant in Razavi Khorasan in July 2008 is expected to increase capacity with the ability to turn out 100,000 vehicles per year by late 2009. However, it will not necessarily increase production.

Iran Khodro, the largest car manufacturer in the Middle East, produced 774,965 units of passenger cars and commercial vehicles in 2010 and aims to produce and market 850 thousand cars in 2011.[7]

Paykan Hillman Hunter

التراخيص

Iran Khodro has qualified for ISO 9001 from RW-TUV, Germany, as well as many other health, safety, and environment certificates including ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001.[8] The company has also obtained TÜV, TSE, GOST and some other important standard certification for its different productions.

المنتجات والعلاقات

Iran's automobile production crossed the 1 million mark in 2005. Iran Khodro is one of the largest car manufacturers in Asia. It has established joint-ventures with foreign partners on 4 continents.

For more than three decades, Iran Khodro produced the Paykan, a car developed from the Rootes Group's Rootes Arrow range, best known as the Hillman Hunter. Paykan saloon car production was discontinued in 2005, almost thirty years after the end of Arrow production (latterly as the Chrysler Hunter) in Britain. A pick-up version was still in production until 2015.[9] Bardo Pick-up, pick-up version of Paykan, will be replaced by a new pick-up called the Arisun which is related to the Samand .[10]

Iranian-designed IKCO Samand, replaces the dated Paykan as Iran's "national car", and features a part-Iranian designed CNG/petrol dual-fuel engine in its Soren variant.

Front view of Samand LX

The firm has a long-term relationship with European and Asian manufacturers including PSA Peugeot Citroën, manufacturing and assembling a number of models under license from these firms. In 2009, Peugeot 206, Peugeot Pars, Peugeot 405, Peugeot Roa, and Samand sedans were IKCO's export-bound cars sent to Azerbaijan, Iraq, Armenia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Syria and Afghanistan.[11] As at 2012, IKCO products incorporate 5-10 percent of components imported from France. IKCO's parts imports from Peugeot accounted for 700-800 million euros ($572–654 million) per year.[12] Iran has reached 98% of self-sufficiency in producing Peugeot 405 parts and 75% in Peugeot 206 parts.[13] By ending year 2012, Peugeot cuts its relations with Iran Khodro due to international sanctions against Iran. Four years later, in 2016, after reaching Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action between Iran and E3+3, Iran Khodro and Peugeot decided to make 50%-50% joint venture named IKAP to start the relations again.

Renault Pars is in charge of the engineering, quality control, parts supply, logistics, managing sales policies as well as marketing and customer services for Renault products in Iran and IKCO is one of its main shareholders that produces Tondar for the domestic market. Renault Pars is a joint venture, 51 percent of which belongs to Renault of France. Forty-nine percent of Renault Pars' shares is jointly held by Iran's Industrial Development and Renovation Organization, IKCO and Saipa. The company was established in 2003.[بحاجة لمصدر]

IKCO also manufactures trucks, buses and E-Class passenger cars under license from Mercedes-Benz. In a joint-venture with Daimler AG, Iran Khodro is to start production of sophisticated 900-class Mercedes-Benz engines; Daimler states that Iranian-made engines will be exported to Germany.[14] Among Asian automotive manufacturers, IKCO is cooperating with Suzuki. Producing Suzuki Grand Vitara in IKCO's Site in Khorasan, IKCO will produce Suzuki Kizashi.[15]

In 2012, IKCO announced that at least 3% of the company's sales will be allocated to research and development.[بحاجة لمصدر] As of 2015, the company's 7-year strategic plans for product development are in body design, die making, suspension, powertrain, trim and car electronics.[16]

Newsly Italian car design firm 'Pininfarina' signed a €70 million 36-month contract with Iran's biggest car producer, Iran Khodro Group on for the development of four new models and to give the carmaker a second wind in research and development of new models. The agreement will help develop a modular automotive platform for four different vehicles, and the first passenger car of the medium segment of the market, a press release from the Italian firm said.[17][18]

مواقع الانتاج

مصنع إيران خودرو في طهران

IKCO has 12 production site around the globe, 6 sites in within borders of Iran and 6 other in IKCO's main export markets. In its five-year (2012–17) future growth prospective, IKCO envisions an annual manufacturing capacity of three million units, with exports of a million units per year.[بحاجة لمصدر]

المصانع المحلية:

المصنع قدرة الانتاج المنتَج الموقع
Fars 30000 Pars (Peugeot 405 and Samand to be produced later) Shiraz
Mazandaran 15000 Samand Sarir Babol
Semnan* 100000 Samand Semnan
Khorasan 150000 Suzuki Grand Vitara, Pars, Peugeot 405 Mashhad
Tabriz 120000 Samand EF7, Samand Arisan (replacing Paykan Pick-up)[19] تبريز
IKCO (main plant) 700000 Roa, Peugeot 405, Peugeot 206, Peugeot 207i, Samand, Tondar 90, Soren, طهران

المواقع الأجنبية:

Plant Production Capacity المنتَج الموقع
AzSamand 10000 Samand أذربيجان
Siamko 30000 Samand سوريا
CDC 15000 Peugeot Pars مصر
Seniran Auto 30000 Samand السنغال
Venirauto 16000 Samand ڤنزويلا


انظر أيضاً


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مراجع ووصلات خارجية

  1. ^ http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Mar11.pdf
  2. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-03-09. Retrieved 2012-02-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^ Kazemi, Maryam (2013-12-28). "ایران‌خودرو و سایپا؛ رکورددار کمترین‌ بهره‌وری‌ در جهان" [Iran Khodro and Saipa hold the record of the world's lowest productivity]. irEconomy. Archived from the original on 2020-10-12.
  4. ^ http://www.iran-daily.com/1384/2270/html/economy.htm
  5. ^ "Iran Khodro Rail Industries Factory Inaugurated". En.iccim.ir. 2008-12-28. Archived from the original on 2011-05-13. Retrieved 2010-04-18.
  6. ^ "Fars News Agency :: Iran-Khodro to Unveil Peugeot 207i in February". English.farsnews.com. 2010-01-31. Archived from the original on 2012-02-17. Retrieved 2010-04-18.
  7. ^ "Iran Khodro Industrial Group on the Throne of Iran's Auto Industry". Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
  8. ^ [1] Archived أغسطس 26, 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ Ellis, Eric (2006-09-12). "Made In Iran - September 18, 2006". Money.cnn.com. Retrieved 2010-04-18.
  10. ^ "IKCO New Products Replace Old Ones". Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
  11. ^ [2] Archived سبتمبر 21, 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ https://sports.yahoo.com/news/iran-auto-production-plunges-third-134504563--nascar.html;_ylt=A2KJjaiEYA5QMAoAqvHQtDMD
  13. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-07-23. Retrieved 2012-07-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  14. ^ Article in Iran Daily Archived أكتوبر 21, 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ "IKCO to Produce a New Suzuki". Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
  16. ^ http://english.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13940128000794
  17. ^ [3]
  18. ^ [4]
  19. ^ http://www.mashreghnews.ir/fa/news/355508/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA-%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1

قالب:Iran Khodro قالب:Automotive industry in Iran

قالب:IKCO vehicles timeline

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