الكونگرس الأمريكي رقم 115

الكونگرس الأمريكي رقم 115
U.S. Capitol - March 28, 2016 (25666928564).jpg
United States Capitol (مارس 2016)
3 يناير 2017 – 3 يناير 2019
رئيس مجلس الشيوخجو بايدن (د)
حتى 20 يناير 2017
مايك پنس (ج)
منذ 20 يناير 2017
الرئيس المؤقت لمجلس الشيوخأورين هاتش (ج)
رئيس مجلس النوابپول ريان (ج)
الأعضاء100 أعضاء مجلس الشيوخ
435 أعضاء مجلس النواب
6 وفود غير مصوتة
الأغلبية في مجلس الشيوخالحزب الجمهوري
الأغلبية في مجلس النوابالحزب الجمهوري
الجلسات
الأولى: 3 يناير 2017 – 3 يناير 2018[1]
الثانية: 3 يناير 2018[1] – الحاضر

الكونگرس الأمريكي رقم 115، هو الاجتماع الحالي للسلطة التنفيذية للحكومة الفدرالية الأمريكية، ويتألف من مجلسي الشيوخ والنواب. يجتمع في واشنطن دي سي من 3 يناير 2017 حتى 3 يناير 2019، خلال الأسبوع الأخير من رئاسة باراك أوباما والسنتين الأولتين من رئاسة دونالد ترمپ.

حافظت انتخابات نوفمبر 2016 على سيطرة الحزب الجمهوري على مجلسي النواب والشيوخ، لكن

"على الرغم من السيطرة الحزبية الوحدة...، فإن أقليات الحزب الجمهوري في مجلس النواب والشيوخ قد ناضلت لتشريع: الخلافات داخل الحزب الجمهوري، والرئيس الغير منضبط والغير محبوب والذي كثيراً ما قوض أجندة الحزب الجمهوري. ومن أشهر الأمثلة على ذلك، الاشتباكات الداخلية وبين الحزبين حول الطرق القديمة لممارسة الأعمال التجارية. رداً على ذلك، قام الجمهوري بتجنب وتعديل أو إعادة تفسير العديد من القيود المؤسسية سعياً وراء الأولويات التشريعية لحزبهم".[2]

تبعاً لدراسة عقدتها جورنال أوف پوليسز في 2018، فإن "السجل التشريعي للكونگرس رقم 115 كان أقل إثارة للإعجاب مع سيطرة أحزاب الأغلبية الأخيرة الأخرى على الحكومة الموحدة".[3] تزعم الدراسة أن هذا يعكس فقدان الحزب الجمهوري للوحدة الداخلية.[3]

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الأحداث الرئيسية

الرئيس دونالد ترمپ يلقي خطبة في الكونگرس، نائب الرئيس مايك پنس ورئيس مجلس النواب پول ريان.


أهم التشريعات

الصادرة

المقترحة

ملخص الأحزاب

مجلس الشيوخ

عضوية مجلس الشيوخ (منذ 25 أغسطس 2018)
     47 الديمقراطيون
     2 المستقلون، التجمع مع الديمقراطيين
     1 شاغر
الانتماء الحزب
(يشير التظليل إلى تجمع الأغلبية)
الإجمالي الشاغر
ديمقراطي مستقل جمهوري
نهاية الكوگرس السابق 44 2 54 100 0
بدأ (3 يناير 2017) 46 2 52 100 0
8 فبرارير 2017 [note 1] 51 99 1
9 فبراير 2017 [note 1] 52 100 0
2 فبراير 2018 [note 2] 45 99 1
3 يناير 2018 [note 1][note 2] 47 51 100 0
1 أبريل 2018 [note 3] 50 99 1
2 أبريل 2018 [note 3] 51 100 0
25 أغسطس 2018 [note 4] 50 99 1
حصة التصويت المؤخرة 49٫5% 51٫5%

مجلس النواب

عضوية مجلس النواب (منذ 7 أغسطس 2018)
     193 ديمقراطي
     237 جمهوري

     5 شاغر
التقسيمات الأيدولوجية في مجلس النواب (في 27 مارس 2017)
     69 التجمع التقدمي
     التجمع الحر 33      

     113 الديمقراطيون
     الجمهوريون 156      

     11 تحالف الكلب الأزرق
     مجموعة الثلاثاء 48      

     4 شاغرون
الحزب
(يشير التظليل إلى تجمع الأغلبية)
الإجمالي الشاغر
ديمقراطي مستقل جمهوري
نهاية الكونگرس السابق 187 0 246 433 2
بدأ (3 يناير 2017) 194 0 241 435 0
23 يناير 2017 [note 5] 240 434 1
24 يناير 2017 [note 6] 193 433 2
10 فبراير 2017 [note 7] 239 432 3
16 فبراير 2017 [note 8] 238 431 4
1 مارس 2017 [note 9] 237 430 5
11 أبريل 2017 [note 5][note 10] 238 431 4
25 مايو 2017 [note 9][note 10] 239 432 3
6 يونيو 2017 [note 6][note 10] 194 433 2
20 يونيو 2017 [note 7][note 8][note 10] 241 435 0
30 يونيو 2017 [note 11] 240 434 1
21 أكتوبر 2017 [note 12] 239 433 2
7 نوفمبر 2017 [note 11][note 10] 240 434 1
5 ديسمبر 2017 [note 13] 193 433 2
8 ديسمبر 2017 [note 14] 239 432 3
15 يناير 2018 [note 15] 238 431 4
13 مارس 2018 [note 12][note 10] 194 432 3
16 مارس 2018 [note 16] 193 431 4
6 أبريل 2018 [note 17] 237 430 5
23 أبريل 2018 [note 18] 236 429 6
24 أبريل 2018 [note 14][note 10] 237 430 5
27 أبريل 2018 [note 19] 236 429 6
12 مايو 2018 [note 20] 235 428 7
30 يونيو 2018 [note 17][note 10] 236 429 6
7 أغسطس 2018 [note 15][note 10] 237 430 5
حصة التصويت المؤخرة 44٫9% 0�0% 55٫1%  
أعضاء غير مصوتون 3 1 2 6 0


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القيادة

Section contents: Senate: Majority (R), Minority (D)House: Majority (R), Minority (D)

مجلس الشيوخ

رئيس مجلس الشيوخ
جون بايدن
جو بايدن (د)،
حتى 20 يناير 2017
Mike Pence
مايك پنس (ج)،
من 20 يناير 2017

زعامة الأغلبية (الجمهوري)

زعامة الأقلية (الديمقراطي)

مجلس النواب

رئيس مجلس النواب

زعامة الأغلبية (الجمهوري)


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زعامة الأقلية (الديمقراطي)

الديموغرافيا

الأعضاء

مجلس الشيوخ


مجلس النواب

التغير في العضوية

مجلس الشيوخ

الولاية
(الدرجة)
السناتور سبب التغيير تبعه تاريخ
الخلافة الرسمي
ألاباما
(2)
Jeff Sessions
(R)
Resigned February 8, 2017 to become U.S. Attorney General.[31]
Successor appointed February 9, 2017 to continue the term.
Luther Strange
(R)
9 فبراير 2017
مينسوتا
(2)
Al Franken
(D)
Resigned January 2, 2018 amid a sexual misconduct scandal.[32]
Successor appointed January 2, 2018 to continue the term.[28]
Tina Smith
(D)
3 يناير 2018
ألاباما
(2)
Luther Strange
(R)
Appointment expired January 3, 2018 following a special election.[33][34]
Successor elected December 12, 2017 to finish the term and qualified January 3, 2018.
Doug Jones
(D)
3 يناير 2018
مسيسيپي
(2)
Thad Cochran
(R)
Resigned April 1, 2018 for health reasons.
Successor appointed April 2, 2018 to continue the term.[29]
Cindy Hyde-Smith
(R)
9 أبريل 2018
أريزونا
(3)
John McCain
(R)
Died August 25, 2018.[35]
Successor to be appointed.
TBA TBA

مجلس النواب

الدائرة النائب سبب التغيير تبعه تاريخ
الخلافة الرسمي
كانزس's 4 Pompeo, MikeMike Pompeo
(R)
Resigned January 23, 2017 to become Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.[36]
A special election was held April 11, 2017.[37]
Estes, RonRon Estes
(R)
April 25,25 أبريل
كاليفورنيا's 34 Becerra, XavierXavier Becerra
(D)
Resigned January 24, 2017 to become Attorney General of California.[38]
A special election was held June 6, 2017.[39]
Gomez, JimmyJimmy Gomez
(D)
11 يوليو 2017
Georgia's 6 Price, TomTom Price
(R)
Resigned February 10, 2017 to become U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services.[40]
A special election was held June 20, 2017.[41]
Handel, KarenKaren Handel
(R)
26 يونيو 2017
South Carolina's 5 Mulvaney, MickMick Mulvaney
(R)
Resigned February 16, 2017 to become Director of the Office of Management and Budget.[42]
A special election was held June 20, 2017.[43]
Norman, RalphRalph Norman
(R)
26 يونيو 2017
مونتانا's at-large Zinke, RyanRyan Zinke
(R)
Resigned March 1, 2017 to become U.S. Secretary of the Interior.[42]
A special election was held May 25, 2017.[44]
Gianforte, GregGreg Gianforte
(R)
21 يونيو 2017
Utah's 3rd Chaffetz, JasonJason Chaffetz
(R)
Resigned June 30, 2017.[45]
A special election was held November 7, 2017.[46]
Curtis, JohnJohn Curtis
(R)
13 نوفمبر 2017
Pennsylvania's 18 Murphy, TimTim Murphy
(R)
Resigned October 21, 2017.[47]
A special election was held March 13, 2018.[48]
Lamb, ConorConor Lamb
(D)
12 أبريل 2018
مشيگن's 13 Conyers, JohnJohn Conyers
(D)
Resigned December 5, 2017.[49]
A special election will be held November 6, 2018.[50]
TBD TBD
أريزونا's 8 Franks, TrentTrent Franks
(R)
Resigned December 8, 2017.[51]
A special election was held April 24, 2018.[52]
Lesko, DebbieDebbie Lesko
(R)
7 مايو 2018
أوهايو's 12 Tiberi, PatPat Tiberi
(R)
Resigned January 15, 2018, to lead the Ohio Business Roundtable.[53][54]
A special election was held August 7, 2018[55]
Troy Balderson (R) شاغر
نيويورك's 25 Slaughter, LouiseLouise Slaughter
(D)
Died March 16, 2018.[56]
A special election will be held on a date to be determined.
شاغر شاغر
تكساس's 27 Farenthold, BlakeBlake Farenthold
(R)
Resigned April 6, 2018.[20]
A special election was held June 30, 2018.[57]
Cloud, MichaelMichael Cloud
(R)
10 يوليو 2018
اوكلاهوما's 1st Bridenstine, JimJim Bridenstine
(R)
Resigned April 23, 2018 to become the Administrator of National Aeronautics and Space Administration.[58]
There will not be a special election so the seat will remain vacant for the remainder of the term.[59]
Not filled this Congress.
Pennsylvania's 7 Meehan, PatPat Meehan
(R)
Resigned April 27, 2018.[60]
A special election will be held November 6, 2018.[61]
TBD TBD
Pennsylvania's 15 Dent, CharlieCharlie Dent
(R)
Resigned May 12, 2018.[62]
A special election will be held November 6, 2018.[63]
TBD TBD

اللجان

مجلس الشيوخ

اللجنة الرئيس Ranking Member
الزراعة، التغذية والغابات Roberts, PatPat Roberts (R-KS) Stabenow, DebbieDebbie Stabenow (D-MI)
التسويات Shelby, RichardRichard Shelby (R-AL) Leahy, PatrickPatrick Leahy (D-VT)
الخدمات المسلحة McCain, JohnJohn McCain (R-AZ), until August 25, 2018
Vacant
Reed, JackJack Reed (D-RI)
الصرافة، الإسكان، والشئون العمرانية Crapo, MikeMike Crapo (R-ID) Brown, SherrodSherrod Brown (D-OH)
الميزانية Enzi, MikeMike Enzi (R-WY) Sanders, BernieBernie Sanders (I-VT)
التجارة، العلوم والنقل Thune, JohnJohn Thune (R-SD) Nelson, BillBill Nelson (D-FL)
الطاقة والموارد الطبيعية Murkowski, LisaLisa Murkowski (R-AK) Cantwell, MariaMaria Cantwell (D-WA)
البيئة والأشغال العامة Barrasso, JohnJohn Barrasso (R-WY) Carper, TomTom Carper (D-DE)
المالية Hatch, OrrinOrrin Hatch (R-UT) Wyden, RonRon Wyden (D-OR)
العلاقات الخارجية Corker, BobBob Corker (R-TN) Menendez, BobBob Menendez (D-NJ)
الصحة والتعليم والعمل والمعاشات Alexander, LamarLamar Alexander (R-TN) Murray, PattyPatty Murray (D-WA)
الأمن الوطني والشئون الحكومية Johnson, RonRon Johnson (R-WI) McCaskill, ClaireClaire McCaskill (D-MO)
الشئون الهندية Hoeven, JohnJohn Hoeven (R-ND) Udall, TomTom Udall (D-NM)
القضائية Grassley, ChuckChuck Grassley (R-IA) Feinstein, DianneDianne Feinstein (D-CA)
القواعد والادارة Blunt, RoyRoy Blunt (R-MO) Klobuchar, AmyAmy Klobuchar (D-MN)
الأعمال الصغيرة وريادة الأعمال Risch, JimJim Risch (R-ID) Shaheen, JeanneJeanne Shaheen (D-NH)
شئون المحاربين القدماء Isakson, JohnnyJohnny Isakson (R-GA) Tester, JonJon Tester (D-MT)
الشيخوخة Collins, SusanSusan Collins (R-ME) Casey Jr., BobBob Casey Jr. (D-PA)
الأخلاق Isakson, JohnnyJohnny Isakson (R-GA) Coons, ChrisChris Coons (D-DE)
المخابرات Burr, RichardRichard Burr (R-NC) Warner, MarkMark Warner (D-VA)
المخدرات Grassley, ChuckChuck Grassley (R-IA) Feinstein, DianneDianne Feinstein (D-CA)

مجلس النواب

اللجنة الرئيس[64] Ranking Member
الزراعة Conaway, MikeMike Conaway (R-TX) Peterson, CollinCollin Peterson (D-MN)
التسويات Frelinghuysen, RodneyRodney Frelinghuysen (R-NJ) Lowey, NitaNita Lowey (D-NY)
الخدمات المسلحة Thornberry, MacMac Thornberry (R-TX) Smith, AdamAdam Smith (D-WA)
الميزانية Black, DianeDiane Black (R-TN), until January 11, 2018
Acting until February 16, 2017
Womack, SteveSteve Womack (R-AR), from January 11, 2018
Yarmuth, JohnJohn Yarmuth (D-KY)
التعليم والقوى العاملة Foxx, VirginiaVirginia Foxx (R-NC) Scott, BobbyBobby Scott (D-VA)
الطاقة والتجارة Walden, GregGreg Walden (R-OR) Pallone, FrankFrank Pallone (D-NJ)
الأخلاق Brooks, SusanSusan Brooks (R-IN) Deutch, TedTed Deutch (D-FL)
الخدمات المالية Hensarling, JebJeb Hensarling (R-TX) Waters, MaxineMaxine Waters (D-CA)
العلاقات الخارجية Royce, EdEd Royce (R-CA) Engel, EliotEliot Engel (D-NY)
الأمن الوطني McCaul, MichaelMichael McCaul (R-TX) Thompson, BennieBennie Thompson (D-MS)
ادارة الإسكان Harper, GreggGregg Harper (R-MS) Brady, BobBob Brady (D-PA)
القضاء Goodlatte, BobBob Goodlatte (R-VA) Conyers, JohnJohn Conyers (D-MI), until November 26, 2017
Jerrold Nadler (D-NY), from November 26, 2017
Acting until December 20, 2017
الموارد الطبيعية Bishop, RobRob Bishop (R-UT) Grijalva, RaúlRaúl Grijalva (D-AZ)
الإشراف والإصلاح الحكومي Chaffetz, JasonJason Chaffetz (R-UT), until June 13, 2017
Gowdy, TreyTrey Gowdy (R-SC), from June 13, 2017
Cummings, ElijahElijah Cummings (D-MD)
القواعد Sessions, PetePete Sessions (R-TX) Slaughter, LouiseLouise Slaughter (D-NY), until March 16, 2018
Jim McGovern (D-MA), from March 17, 2018
Acting until April 10, 2018
العلوم، الفضاء والتكنولوجيا Smith, Lamar S.Lamar S. Smith (R-TX) Johnson, Eddie BerniceEddie Bernice Johnson (D-TX)
الأعمال الصغيرة Chabot, SteveSteve Chabot (R-OH) Velázquez, NydiaNydia Velázquez (D-NY)
النقل والبنية التحتية Shuster, BillBill Shuster (R-PA) DeFazio, PeterPeter DeFazio (D-OR)
شئون المحاربين القدماء Roe, PhilPhil Roe (R-TN) Walz, TimTim Walz (D-MN)
الطرق والسبل Brady, KevinKevin Brady (R-TX) Neal, RichardRichard Neal (D-MA)
اللجنة الدائمة المختارة للمخابرات Nunes, DevinDevin Nunes (R-CA) Schiff, AdamAdam Schiff (D-CA)

المشتركة

اللجنة الرئيس Ranking Member نائب الرئيس Vice Ranking Member
الاقتصادية Rep. Tiberi, PatPat Tiberi (R-OH), until January 11, 2018
Rep. Paulsen, ErikErik Paulsen (R-MN), from January 11, 2018
Sen. Heinrich, MartinMartin Heinrich (D-NM) Sen. Lee, MikeMike Lee (R-UT) Rep. Maloney, CarolynCarolyn Maloney (D-NY)
مراسم التتويج Sen. Blunt, RoyRoy Blunt (R-MO) Rep. Pelosi, NancyNancy Pelosi (D-CA) Rep. Ryan, PaulPaul Ryan (R-WI) Sen. Schumer, ChuckChuck Schumer (D-NY)
المكتبة Sen. Blunt, RoyRoy Blunt (R-MO) Sen. Klobuchar, AmyAmy Klobuchar (D-MN) Sen. Shelby, RichardRichard Shelby (R-AL) Rep. Brady, BobBob Brady (D-PA)
الطباعة Sen. Shelby, RichardRichard Shelby (R-AL) Rep. Brady, BobBob Brady (D-PA) Sen. Blunt, RoyRoy Blunt (R-MO) Sen. Klobuchar, AmyAmy Klobuchar (D-MN)
الضرائب Rep. Brady, KevinKevin Brady (R-TX) Sen. Wyden, RonRon Wyden (D-OR) Sen. Hatch, OrrinOrrin Hatch (R-UT) Rep. Neal, RichardRichard Neal (D-MA)
Solvency of Multiemployer Pension Plans (Select) Sen. Hatch, OrrinOrrin Hatch (R-UT) (co-chair) N/A Sen. Brown, SherrodSherrod Brown (D-OH) (co-chair) N/A
Budget and Appropriations Process Reform (Select) Rep. Womack, SteveSteve Womack (R-AR) (co-chair) N/A Rep. Lowey, NitaNita Lowey (D-NY) (co-chair) N/A


انظر أيضاً


الهوامش

  1. ^ أ ب ت In Alabama, Senator Jeff Sessions (R) resigned February 8, 2017. Luther Strange (R) was appointed February 9, 2017 to continue the term. Doug Jones (D) was elected to finish the term and qualified January 3, 2018.
  2. ^ أ ب In Minnesota, Senator Al Franken (D) resigned January 2, 2018. Tina Smith (D) was appointed January 3, 2018 to continue the term.
  3. ^ أ ب In Mississippi, Senator Thad Cochran (R) resigned April 1, 2018. Cindy Hyde-Smith (R) was appointed April 2, 2018 to continue the term.
  4. ^ In Arizona, Senator John McCain (R) died on August 25, 2018. Although his term would have ended by 2023 if he lived, McCain's successor is yet to be determined.
  5. ^ أ ب In كانزس 4 district: Mike Pompeo (R) resigned January 23, 2017, and Ron Estes (R) was elected April 11, 2017.
  6. ^ أ ب In كاليفورنيا 34 district: Xavier Becerra (D) resigned January 24, 2017, and Jimmy Gomez (D) was elected June 6, 2017.
  7. ^ أ ب In Georgia 6 district: Tom Price (R) resigned February 10, 2017, and Karen Handel (R) was elected June 20, 2017.
  8. ^ أ ب In South Carolina 5 district: Mick Mulvaney (R) resigned February 16, 2017, and Ralph Norman (R) was elected June 20, 2017.
  9. ^ أ ب In مونتانا at-large district: Ryan Zinke (R) resigned March 1, 2017, and Greg Gianforte (R) was elected May 25, 2017.
  10. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ Service begins on the day of a special election, when qualified, not necessarily upon the oath of office.
  11. ^ أ ب In Utah 3rd district: Jason Chaffetz (R) resigned June 30, 2017, and John Curtis (R) was elected November 7, 2017.
  12. ^ أ ب In Pennsylvania 18 district: Tim Murphy (R) resigned October 21, 2017, and Conor Lamb (D) was elected March 13, 2018.
  13. ^ In مشيگن 13 district: Rep. John Conyers (D) resigned December 5, 2017.
  14. ^ أ ب In أريزونا 8 district: Trent Franks (R) resigned December 8, 2017, and Debbie Lesko (R) was elected April 24, 2018.
  15. ^ أ ب In أوهايو 12 district: Pat Tiberi (R) resigned January 15, 2018, and Troy Balderson (R) was elected August 7, 2018, although the results weren't final until AUgust 24, 2018.
  16. ^ In نيويورك 25 district: Louise Slaughter (D) died March 16, 2018.
  17. ^ أ ب In تكساس 27 district: Blake Farenthold (R) resigned April 6, 2018, and Michael Cloud (R) was elected June 30, 2018.
  18. ^ In اوكلاهوما 1st district: Jim Bridenstine (R) resigned April 23, 2018.
  19. ^ In Pennsylvania 7 district: Pat Meehan (R) resigned April 27, 2018.
  20. ^ In Pennsylvania 15 district: Charlie Dent (R) resigned May 12, 2018.
  21. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) and the North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party (D-NPL) are the Minnesota and North Dakota affiliates of the U.S. Democratic Party and are counted as Democrats.

المصادر

  1. ^ أ ب H.Res. 670، §3(b), and "House Floor Activities | Legislative Days of January 03, 2018". Office of the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
  2. ^ Binder, Sarah (July 31, 2018). "Dodging the Rules in Trump's Republican Congress". The Journal of Politics (in الإنجليزية). doi:10.1086/699334. ISSN 0022-3816. Retrieved August 1, 2018.
  3. ^ أ ب Lee, Frances E. (2018-07-31). "The 115th Congress and Questions of Party Unity in a Polarized Era". The Journal of Politics (in الإنجليزية): 000–000. doi:10.1086/699335. ISSN 0022-3816.
  4. ^ "House Overwhelmingly Votes to Condemn UN Resolution on Israel Settlements". Fox News. January 5, 2017. Retrieved January 7, 2017.
  5. ^ Cortellessa, Eric (January 6, 2017). "US House Passes Motion Repudiating UN Resolution on Israel". The Times of Israel. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
  6. ^ Caldwell, Leigh Ann (January 12, 2017). "Senate Approves First Step Toward Repealing Obamacare in Late-Night Session". NBC News. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
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