حزب تيسا

(تم التحويل من Tisza Party)
Respect and Freedom Party
Tisztelet és Szabadság Párt
الاختصارTisza
الرئيسپيتر مجر
تاريخ التأسيس23 أكتوبر 2020; 5 years ago (2020-10-23)
المقر الرئيسيDobó István utca 16, 3300 Eger
الأيديولوجية
الموقف السياسيCentre[4] to centre-right[5]
الانتماء الأوروبيEuropean People's Party
الجماعة البرلمانية الأوروبيةEuropean People's Party Group[6]
الشعارÁrad a Tisza!
('The Tisza is flooding!')
الموقع الإلكترونيError: {{قالب:Political party data}}: National party not valid: THISPARTY (help)
سياسة Hungary


The Respect and Freedom Party[أ], commonly known by its Hungarian abbreviations Tisza Party and TISZA[ب], is a centre[4] to centre-right,[5] pro-European,[3] and populist[2] political party in Hungary.

The party was founded in 2020. It rapidly rose to prominence when former Fidesz member Péter Magyar joined; members of his non-party movement "Stand up Hungarians Community" assumed the majority of positions in the party to take part in the 2024 European Parliament election, and won 7 seats in the European Parliament. The party is led by Magyar, who was elected party leader on 22 July 2024. Zoltán Tarr and Andrea Bujdosó are serving as the party's parliamentary leaders in the European Parliament and the General Assembly of Budapest, respectively. The party won a two-thirds supermajority in the parliamentary election held on 12 April 2026, with the power to amend the Constitution of Hungary in the National Assembly, and ending the 16-year tenure of the regime of Viktor Orbán and Fidesz.

A member of the European People's Party Group, the party has variously described as conservative, liberal conservative and populist. It is pro-European and holds a pro-Western foreign policy, favoring improving relations with the European Union and NATO and adopting the Euro. The party supports measures to fight corruption and is critical of what it calls the "mafia state" of Viktor Orbán, calling for Hungary to join the European Public Prosecutor's Office and take measures to make the judiciary independent. It proposes stronger checks and balances on the government, calling for the President of Hungary to be popularly elected and has proposed holding a referendum to limit the Prime Minister to serving a maximum of 2 terms to a total of 8 years.

History

Formation and name

The party was founded on 23 October 2020 by Attila Szabó and Boldizsár Deák, and planned to contest the 2022 Hungarian parliamentary election.[7] The party rejected state funds and instead relied on donations and personal wealth of its members. While it collected 222,000 forints, the party could not run in the elections that year.[8]

"Tisza" is a portmanteau of the first syllables of the Hungarian words tisztelet (respect) and szabadság (freedom). This is a play on words: the Tisza, Hungary's second-longest river, is a well-known motif in Hungarian literature and national symbology. The name is used as a theme in party campaigns, with current leader Magyar often referencing it.[9] For example, in reference to the frequency with which the Tisza floods the Great Hungarian Plain, "the Tisza is flooding!" (مجرية: Árad a Tisza!) has become a popular chant at Magyar's rallies.[10]

Péter Magyar's involvement

The party remained relatively inactive until 2024. Péter Magyar, the former Fidesz politician and ex-husband of former justice minister Judit Varga, came onto the political scene after the pardoning scandal in which President Katalin Novák pardoned a man who tried to cover up pedophile crimes. As Minister of Justice, Varga also had to sign the pardons and was therefore complicit in the scandal. Magyar organised his first protest on 15 March, the anniversary of the beginning of the 1848 Hungarian Revolution. Events were also held by both the government and the traditional opposition parties, but his demonstration attracted the largest crowds.[11]

After this, Magyar proceeded to cause yet another scandal for the government, as he published a recording relating to the Schadl–Völner corruption case involving two senior officials.[12] In the recording, his ex-wife—the Minister of Justice at the time—admitted that documents relating to the trial had been altered at the orders of the government.[13] As he presented this information to the jury, a protest crowd of around one thousand gathered outside, demanding the resignation of the government.[14]

A group photo of 6 Tisza Party MEPs, excluding Magyar (the 7th)
Tisza MEPs (excluding Magyar)

In March 2024, Magyar announced he wished to contest the 2024 European Parliament election in Hungary; however, he could not found his own party due to election deadlines and registration processes.[15][16] Prior to the announcement of which party Magyar would join, pollsters like the government-aligned Nézőpont Institute suggested that a Magyar-led list could win multiple seats and 13% of the vote.[17] In April, it was announced that Magyar would join Tisza.[18][8] He was elected as one of the party's vice presidents, as well as the top candidate on Tisza's European Parliament list.[19]

In the European Parliament election in May 2024, Tisza came second with almost 30% of the vote and 7 seats; this performance was characterised by the media as a challenge to the ruling Fidesz of Viktor Orbán.[20][21][22] Magyar initially did not take his seat and had said he would not do so during the election campaign. He decided to put it up to a vote on the party's website: over 75% voted in favour of him taking a seat, and as such he was one of the 7 Tisza MEPs.[23][24]

Run up to the 2026 parliamentary election

Magyar at a Tisza campaign event in August 2025, in Battonya

Grassroots support

Following the European Parliament result, Tisza began to build up a membership and a local base, as the party had not had much success prior to Magyar's involvement. In order to build up a base across the country and be able to effectively contest more rural constituencies in the 2026 Hungarian election, the party set up "Tisza Islands" (Tisza Sziget), a network of local supporters and potential candidates. As of January 2025, analysis of social media suggested that there were 208 "islands", with over 20,000 members in total.[25] Moreover, Magyar conducted press stunts such as walking across the country with supporters.[26][27][28]

In July 2024, Magyar assumed the leadership of the party from founder Attila Szabó, who was instead given the title of honorary president. In July 2025, Tisza launched Tiszta Hang (meaning "Clear Voice"), which the party said was a newspaper that would be delivered by volunteers in an attempt to reach rural voters.[29][30] The first copies, of which they printed almost one million, were delivered from the 8–10th August.[31] After reading the first copy, 444.hu claimed that Tiszta Hang was more of a programme booklet than a newspaper.[32]

"Voice of the nation"

In March 2025, Magyar announced that he would launch an informal referendum questionnaire, asking people 13 questions. The questionnaire could be filled out online or in person, and would inform the party's policy.[33] There were 1,137,266 responses to the questionnaire. Most questions saw over 90% of respondents vote in favour, though the final (+1) question on Ukraine's position in the EU was more contested, with 58% in favour.[34] The full results are as follows:[34]

Number Question Result
Yes % No %
1 Do you agree with introducing a Pensioner SZÉP Card with a maximum annual value of 200 thousand forints, which can be used for food, medicine and health care? 92.3 7.7
2 Do you agree with reducing the VAT rate on medicines to 0 percent? 92.5 7.5
3 Do you agree that the state should not use budget resources to support private healthcare investments and should provide at least 500 billion forints of extra resources annually for the development of the state healthcare system? 98.3 1.7
4 Do you agree with spending the recovered national wealth on education, healthcare, and rural development? 99.3 0.7
5 Do you agree that the VAT rate for healthy foods should be a maximum of 5 percent? 98.4 1.6
6 Do you agree with a universal reduction in personal income tax to 9 percent? 81.9 18.1
7 Do you agree with the re-introduction of the kata taxation system [one in which business-owners could pay one simplified tax, instead of multiple taxes] in the former areas? 90.7 9.3
8 Do you agree with the imposition of an extra tax on assets above 5 billion forints? 96.1 3.9
9 Do you agree with Hungary remaining a member of the European Union and NATO? 98.7 1.3
10 Do you agree that a Prime Minister should only be able to hold office for two terms, for a maximum of 8 years? 96.5 3.5
11 Do you agree that local governments should regain their powers, institutions and resources in the fields of education, healthcare and social services? 98.8 1.2
12 Do you agree that the Prime Minister's monthly salary should be a maximum of 2.5 million forints and that the income of members of parliament should be reduced by half? 92.1 7.9
13 (+1) Do you support Ukraine becoming a member of the European Union? 58.2 41.8

2025 Nagykanizsa conference

On 12 July, the party held its second congress, in Nagykanizsa. The event was attended by several thousand people.[35] At the congress, the party announced that they would hold closed primaries for all their constituency candidates, with members choosing, in rounds, 1 out of 3 approved candidates.[36] Magyar declared that the party would run independently without any other party.[37] During Magyar's speech to the congress, he set out his plans for if Tisza were to win the 2026 election, saying they would need to act immediately to kickstart the country, with the motto of this work being "System change, peacefully, responsibly."[38] Magyar labelled this plan the "Hungarian New Deal",[39] and it primarily focused on what they would invest the money he argues they can reclaim from the EU on.[40] Much of the policy built upon that voted on in the "voice of the nation" questionnaire.[40] Magyar also announced that the party would hold more events in the countryside, as Tisza is less strong there. He said that he would be touring the country in 80 days, and doing many tours up until the election next year.[41][40] Reporting a few days after the conference, on 14 July, the BBC said that Tisza had about two million supporters, rivalling the roughly equivalent core base of Fidesz.[42]

2025 partisan primary

After a call for candidates in 2024, the party selected 103 of its 106 future candidates for the 2026 parliamentary election in a two-round primary in late 2025. The party put forward 3 nominees in each district (except the district of leader Péter Magyar and 2 other seats) and in the first round all Tisza Island members above the age of 16 could vote. Voting took place via a modified Borda count. In the second round, voting was opened also to all resident citizens above 18 who could vote for either of the two advancing candidates. Winners were announced on 28 November 2025.

2026 parliamentary election

The party won a two-thirds supermajority with the power to amend the Constitution of Hungary in the National Assembly in the 2026 Hungarian parliamentary election, ending the 16-year tenure of Orbán and Fidesz.[43] The party adopted the slogan "Now or never!" (Most vagy soha!). In the latter stages of the 2026 campaign, signs appeared with "or never" crossed out to convey urgency.[44]

Ideology and policy

قالب:Conservatism in Hungary قالب:Liberalism in Hungary Prior to Magyar, Tisza was a minor conservative party,[45] which defined itself as being "ideology-free".[46][7] Under Magyar, Tisza Party has become a centre-right political party and a member of the European People's Party Group (EPP Group).[47][48] Tisza, described as "synonymous with Magyar himself",[49] has been described variously as a "centrist anti-establishment party",[50] conservative,[51][52][53] "conservative-liberal",[54] or national conservative.[10] The party has avoided taking clear ideological positions to appeal to the widest electoral coalition possible.[55][49]

Magyar chose Tisza, a grassroots party,[56] due to similarities in views about an ideologically neutral centrist grassroot organization.[57] He often spoke about creating a "third political force" in Hungary to abolish the System of National Cooperation (NER), which Fidesz uses to maintain control over society at large.[58][59][60] He defended free speech after multiple members were fired from their civil jobs after appearing at demonstrations.[61]

Anti-corruption

Magyar hosted multiple protests against the "mafia state" and the allegedly corrupt NER.[14] Magyar has claimed that the Fidesz government has been enriching its allies and that a few families ran the entire country.[62] The party has ruled out cooperation with the opposition since it regards them as complicit with the government.[63][64] To stop the "industrial-scale" corruption,[65] Magyar wishes to take steps such as joining the European Public Prosecutor's Office (EPPO) and making the judiciary independent.[66] This would come alongside strengthening checks and balances in the political system, and not prosecuting political opponents.[66] The party also proposed declassifying the agent files from the Communist era to shed light on personal wealth gains during the rapid privatization period in the 1990s.[67]

Democracy

Magyar has called for the President of Hungary to become a directly-elected position.[68][69] He has also pledged to abolish the benefits for former presidents.[70] A long-standing policy of Tisza, and one supported by Magyar, is to put term-limits on elected officials,[71] and the party has proposed holding a referendum to limit the Prime Minister to serving a maximum of 2 terms (8 years).[72]

Economy and public services

Magyar has stated that a top priority for a Tisza government would be to recover the €20 billion of EU funds that the European Commission withheld due to the Fidesz-led government breaching EU law on immigration and asylum seekers.[73] He plans to use these funds to "kick-start" the economy and help smaller businesses.[66][74] Magyar also supports the creation of national minimums, such as on energy and welfare.[66] Furthermore, Magyar has voiced support for the adoption of the Euro, citing the "stability and predictability" it would give to "the markets, Hungarian entrepreneurs and Hungarians".[75]

Foreign policy and immigration

Magyar and Orbán in the European Parliament

The party is pro-European,[10] and holds a pro-Western stance.[76] Orbán has alleged that Tisza is the European Commission's preferred "puppet government" to succeed the Fidesz administration.[77] Fidesz has also pointed to Russian state intelligence that claims the European Commission wishes to bring Magyar and Tisza to power,[78] which Magyar has decried as Russian interference in the election.[79] Analysts note that in the European Parliament, Tisza MEPs are mostly aligned with pro-EU forces, however they engage in "tactical alignment" with Fidesz on some questions, diverging from the rest of the EPP group.[80]

Tisza supports the Fidesz government's position against sending weapons or troops to support Ukraine following Russia's invasion.[81] The party also is opposed to Ukraine's accelerated EU accession.[74] Orbán has attempted to paint the party as pro-Ukraine, including accusations from Fidesz that Ukraine was using Magyar to undermine them; however, no evidence has been provided to back such claims up.[82][76] Tisza supports strict migration regulations,[83] similar to those of the Fidesz government, and has criticised the incumbent government for bringing thousands of non-EU migrant workers into the country.[10]

In December 2025, the Slovak parliament approved amendment to the criminal law, which criminalizes questioning of the Beneš decrees, a series of controversial executive orders from the end of World War II, which allowed the government to confiscate property of Hungarians living on the territory of the Slovak Republic. This quickly became one of the main topics of pre-election campaign because of closer political relationship between Hungarian PM Viktor Orbán and Slovakian PM Robert Fico. After this, Magyar used the term Felvidék, a historical name for Upper Hungary, to refer to Hungarians living in Slovakia, which led to condemnation from the Slovak government.[84]

Social issues

The party has broadly stayed away from talking about or having opinions on particular social issues.[54][49] Magyar has refused to engage with "culture war" issues, suggesting talking about it is falling for "government propaganda".[85] The party was also cautious surrounding 2025 Budapest Pride, not reacting to the event or the ban until the day of the event, when Magyar said that the unprecedented participation showed that Orbán had lost popularity.[86][87]

The party's platform during the 2026 election campaign did not contain any explicit discussion of LGBTQ rights in Hungary, but Magyar committed to protecting freedom of assembly in the wake of Budapest Pride. During a speech after Tisza's victory, Magyar stated that Hungary should be a country "where no one is stigmatised for loving someone differently than the majority", indicating a more supportive stance regarding LGBTQ rights in Hungary relative to Orbán.[88][89][90]

Attacks against the party

The party has alleged that it has been the victim of attacks and allegations from several figures and organisations, often linked to the Fidesz government.

Targeting Magyar

انظر أيضاً: Péter Magyar

In May 2025, a new regulation was passed that changed the rules on asset declaration, which was widely considered to be targeting Magyar and potentially remove his mandate as MEP.[91] As a result, Magyar and all other MEPs made their assets public.[92][93] In June 2025, a suspension of Magyar's MEP immunity was requested following several prosecution cases against him, including defamation cases tabled by MPs (one from Fidesz, one from Our Homeland Movement), which he claims is politically motivated. Magyar said that he would waive his immunity if the Hungarian government joined the European Public Prosecutor's Office.[94][95] The Committee on Legal Affairs voted to protect his immunity in September,[96][97] ahead of a final decision by the European Parliament in October.[98]

In August 2025, during a public event in Gyula, a man attempted to throw an object at Magyar. Magyar initially described it as a beer can, but subsequent reports and video footage indicated it was a packet of sunflower seeds.[99] Also in August, a man used a Facebook comment to call for the shooting of Magyar, writing: "Hátravinni, agyon lőni!!" ("Take him back, shoot him!!"). The police arrested the suspect and conducted a search of his residence, where airgun and live ammunition linked to hunting rifles and pistols were found.[100] It was reported in September 2025 that some analysts and government critics believed Orbán was laying the groundwork to try and disqualify Magyar from the election in 2026.[97]

In February 2026, the webpage radnaimark.hu released a photo of an empty bed titled "Coming soon", which was later re-released with the date 3 August 2024 and the title "Once upon a time". Magyar acknowledged he had consensual sex with his former girlfriend at that location, and remarked that the picture is "a dirty campaign of a Russian style". The photo quickly became a meme.[101]

"I, The Two-faced" posters at a bus stop in Budapest

In March, Nemzeti Ellenállási Mozgalom, an organization close to Fidesz, released a comic book titled Én, a kétarcú (حرفياً 'I, the Two-faced'), which depicts Magyar as a demonic, aggressive, cunning, and corrupted figure, who is controlled by Brussels and Kyiv. The European Union and the European People's Party are depicted as mafia organizations. According to the comic book, Magyar wanted to become minister of justice, but his then-wife, Judit Varga, was chosen by Orbán instead. Therefore Magyar decided to take revenge and partnered with EPP, Shell and Erste. Billboards nationwide teased the release of the comic book, which received only 1 star out of 5 on the bookstore Libri.hu.[102]

Targeting the party at large

During the "voice of the nation" questionnaire, there were several reports that Tisza activists manning public stalls were attacked,[103] which the party claimed was incited by PM Orbán. Magyar also made claims that Fidesz would stage attacks on their own party by figures dressed as Tisza activists.[104] Magyar claimed that the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (RMDSZ), acted as spies for Fidesz in the EPP Group in the European Parliament.[105][106] The party has claimed there have been blackmail attempts against various Tisza politicians.[107] In June 2025, an informal volunteer platform hosted on Discord had a data breach that was leaked to the press, which affected around 500 volunteers. The party claimed that this was a "Russian-style smear campaign".[108][109][110] The Discord server was shut down following the incident.[111]

On 14 February, Orbán said that Tisza was "a German product" created by Shell and Erste.[112]

Several independent candidates that run on constituency lists have unusually similar names with real candidates of the Tisza party, for example Péter Tisza or Péter Magyar (not the leader). These name similarities are meant to confuse voters on the election day.[113]

Election results

National Assembly

Election Leader Constituency Party list Seats +/– Status
Votes % Votes %
2026 Péter Magyar 3,079,646 54.41 3,112,064 52.44
136 / 199
 New Supermajority

European Parliament

Election List leader Votes % Seats +/− EP group
2024 Péter Magyar 1,352,699 29.60 (2nd)
7 / 21
 New EPP

General Assembly of Budapest

Election List leader Votes % Seats +/−
2024 Péter Magyar[ت] 216,609 27.34 (2nd)
10 / 33
 New

Leadership

President

No. President Took office Left office Tenure
1 Attila Szabó 23 October 2020 22 July 2024 3 years, 273 days
2 Péter Magyar 22 July 2024 Incumbent 1 years, 266 days

Notes

  1. ^ مجرية: Tisztelet és Szabadság Párt, تـُنطق [ˈtistɛlɛt ˈeːʃ ˈsɒbɒtʃːaːɡ ˈpaːrt].
  2. ^ Pronounced /ˈtiːsə/ TEES-ə; مجرية: Tisza Párt, تـُنطق [ˈtisɒ ˈpaːrt].
  3. ^ Magyar did not take his seat in the Budapest assembly, so the first TISZA representative on the list elected was Eszter Ordas.[114]

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External links

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  • tiszteletpart.hu, the party's website before Magyar

قالب:Hungarian political parties

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