1299

القرون: قرن 12 · قرن 13 · قرن 14
العقود: ع1260 ع1270 ع1280 ع1290 ع1300 ع1310 ع1320
السنوات: 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302
ألفية: الألفية 2
قرون: القرن 12 – القرن 13 – القرن 14
عقود: عقد 1260  عقد 1270  عقد 1280  – عقد 1290 –  عقد 1300  عقد 1310  عقد 1320
سنين: 1296 1297 1298 – 1299 – 1300 1301 1302
Sultan عثمان الأول (حكم 1299–1324)
Mongol invasions of the Levant (1299–1303). معركة وادي الخزندار وتقع في حمص، بلاد الشام.
1299 حسب الموضوع
السياسة
زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة
تصنيفا المواليد والوفيات
المواليد – الوفيات
تصنيفا التأسيسات والانحلالات
التأسيسات – الانحلالات
الفن والأدب
1299 في الشعر
1299 في التقاويم الأخرى
التقويم الگريگوري1299
MCCXCIX
آب أوربه كونديتا2052
التقويم الأرمني748
ԹՎ ՉԽԸ
التقويم الآشوري6049
التقويم البهائي−545 – −544
التقويم البنغالي706
التقويم الأمازيغي2249
سنة العهد الإنگليزي27 Edw. 1 – 28 Edw. 1
التقويم البوذي1843
التقويم البورمي661
التقويم البيزنطي6807–6808
التقويم الصيني戊戌年 (التراب الكلب)
3995 أو 3935
    — إلى —
己亥年 (التراب الخنزير)
3996 أو 3936
التقويم القبطي1015–1016
التقويم الديسكوردي2465
التقويم الإثيوپي1291–1292
التقويم العبري5059–5060
التقاويم الهندوسية
 - ڤيكرام سامڤات1355–1356
 - شاكا سامڤات1221–1222
 - كالي يوگا4400–4401
تقويم الهولوسين11299
تقويم الإگبو299–300
التقويم الإيراني677–678
التقويم الهجري698–699
التقويم اليابانيEinin 7 / Shōan 1
(正安元年)
تقويم جوچىN/A
التقويم اليوليوسي1299
MCCXCIX
التقويم الكوري3632
تقويم مينگوو613 قبل جمهورية الصين
民前613年
التقويم الشمسي التايلندي1842
This box:

Year 1299 (MCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

أحداث

حسب المكان

أوروبا

الجزر البريطانية

المشرق

آسيا

  • Spring - Mongol invasion of India: Duwa Khan, Mongol ruler of the Chagatai Khanate, sends his sons Qutlugh Khwaja and Duwa Temür with an army of some 50,000 horsemen over the border. The Mongols bypass villages to maximize speed, intending to strike directly at Delhi itself. At the Jumna River, Mongol forces under Qutlugh defeated Zafar Khan, and are forced to retreat to Delhi. News of the defeat causes thousands to abandon their homes, the capital is soon flooded with refugees. The streets, the markets and the mosques become overcrowded. Meanwhile, the merchant caravans headed for Delhi are interrupted by the Mongols.[8]
  • February 25 - Sultan Alauddin Khalji orders the army (some 35,000 men) to prepare for the march to Gujarat. One part of the army under Nusrat Khan starts its march from Delhi. Another part, led by Ulugh Khan, marches from Sindh and attacks Jaisalmer along the way. When the army returns from raiding Gujarat, Mongol soldiers stage a mutiny over payment of khums (one-fifth of the share of loot). The mutiny is crushed, the mutineer families in Delhi are punished and executed.[9][10]
  • Mongol invasion of India: Battle of Kili: Alauddin Khalji raises forces (some 70,000 men with 700 elephants) and attacks the Mongols under Qutlugh Khwaja north of Delhi. Zafar Khan, looking to avenge his defeat on the River Jumna, leads the first charge, attacking the Mongol left flank, which breaks before him. Zafar gives chase to drive them from the field – but he is ambushed by a feigned retreat. He is captured and executed with all his men. Qutlugh is wounded in battle and dies during the return journey.[11]
  • May 10 - King Kyawswa of Pagan and his son, Crown Prince Theingapati, are executed at Myinsaing, by the three brothers of the Myinsaing Kingdom (nominally Kyawswa's viceroys), for submitting and being a vassal to the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty (since 1297).
  • 27 يوليو - عثمان الأول (or Othman) declares the Anatolian beylik (principality) to be independent of the Seljuk سلطنة الروم، originating the Ottoman Empire. Osman becomes the founder and the first ruler, with Söğüt as the capital, which will last until the 1920s.
  • The Kingdom of Singapura is founded by Sang Nila Utama, a Srivijaya prince. Upon his coronation, he adopts the official title Sri Tri Buana (translated as "Lord of Three Worlds").[12]

حسب الموضوع

المدن والبلدات

الأدب

الأسواق

الدين

العلوم والتكنولوجيا

مواليد

وفيات

المراجع

  1. ^ Rodgers, William Ledyard (1967). Naval Warfare Under Oars, 4th to 16th Centuries: A Study of Strategy, Tactics and Ship Design, p. 141. Naval Institute Press.
  2. ^ Cancelleri, J.-A. "Sinucello della Rocca". Dizionario biografico. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
  3. ^ Armstrong, Pete (2003). Stirling Bridge & Falkirk 1297–98. Osprey. p. 80. ISBN 1-84176-510-4.
  4. ^ "720 years on Southampton Old Bowling Green rolls on!". The Leader. Spain. 23 October 2019. Retrieved 17 July 2022. "The Southampton Old Bowling Green was established during the reign of Richard I, and first used for a game of bowls in 1299," said Margaret, who has played at the Lower Canal Walk and Platform Road club.
  5. ^ On The World's Oldest Bowling Green (Motion picture) (in English). British Pathé. 18 July 1927. Retrieved 17 July 2022. On the World's oldest bowling green (AD 1299). Sir John Russell installs "Sir" W. Day, 1927's winner over 350 year old competition for honour of knighthood of the Green.{{cite AV media}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  6. ^ Kurkjian, Vahan M. (1958). A History of Armenia, pp. 204–205. Indo-European Publishing. ISBN 978-1-60444-012-6.
  7. ^ Demurger, Alain (2007). Jacques de Molay (in French), p. 142. Editions Payot & Rivages. ISBN 978-2-228-90235-9.
  8. ^ Kishori Saran Lal (1968). History of the Khaljis (1290–1320), p. 156. Allahabad: The Indian Press. OCLC 685167335.
  9. ^ Jackson, Peter (2003). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, p. 195. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.
  10. ^ Kishori Saran Lal (1968). History of the Khaljis (1290–1320), p. 88. Allahabad: The Indian Press. OCLC 685167335.
  11. ^ Jackson, Peter (2003). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, pp. 221–222. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.
  12. ^ Miksic John N. (2013). Singapore and the Silk Road of the Sea, 1300–1800, p. 148. NUS Press. ISBN 978-9971695743.
  13. ^ Hoffman, Donald L. (1991). "Rusticiano da Pisa". In Lacy, Norris J. (ed.). The New Arthurian Encyclopedia. New York: Garland. p. 392. ISBN 0-8240-4377-4.
  14. ^ Ferris, Eleanor (1902). "The Financial Relations of the Knights Templars to the English Crown". American Historical Review. 8 (1): 1–17. doi:10.2307/1832571. JSTOR 1832571.
  15. ^ Brown, Michael (2004). The Wars of Scotland 1214–1371. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 192, 280. ISBN 0748612378.
  16. ^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 152. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
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