1284
| القرون: | قرن 12 · قرن 13 · قرن 14 |
| العقود: | ع1250 ع1260 ع1270 ع1280 ع1290 ع1300 ع1310 |
| السنوات: | 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 |
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| ألفية: | الألفية 2 |
|---|---|
| قرون: | القرن 12 – القرن 13 – القرن 14 |
| عقود: | عقد 1250 عقد 1260 عقد 1270 – عقد 1280 – عقد 1290 عقد 1300 عقد 1310 |
| سنين: | 1281 1282 1283 – 1284 – 1285 1286 1287 |
| 1284 حسب الموضوع | |
| السياسة | |
| زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة | |
| تصنيفا المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفا التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| التأسيسات – الانحلالات | |
| الفن والأدب | |
| 1284 في الشعر | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 1284 MCCLXXXIV |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 2037 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 733 ԹՎ ՉԼԳ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 6034 |
| التقويم البهائي | −560 – −559 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 691 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 2234 |
| سنة العهد الإنگليزي | 12 Edw. 1 – 13 Edw. 1 |
| التقويم البوذي | 1828 |
| التقويم البورمي | 646 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 6792–6793 |
| التقويم الصيني | 癸未年 (الماء الماعز) 3980 أو 3920 — إلى — 甲申年 (الخشب القرد) 3981 أو 3921 |
| التقويم القبطي | 1000–1001 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2450 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1276–1277 |
| التقويم العبري | 5044–5045 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1340–1341 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 1206–1207 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4385–4386 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 11284 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 284–285 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 662–663 |
| التقويم الهجري | 682–683 |
| التقويم الياباني | Kōan 7 (弘安７年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | 1284 MCCLXXXIV |
| التقويم الكوري | 3617 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 628 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前628年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 1827 |
Year 1284 (MCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
أحداث
حسب المكان
أفريقيا
- Putting an end to the Bedouin rebellion that had toppled his brother in 1283، أبو حفص عمر الأول يعيد فتح تونس، and reinstalls the Hafsids as the dominating dynasty in Ifriqiya.[1]
- Peter III of Aragon takes advantage of the weakness of the Hafsid Dynasty, and raids the island of جربة. The Aragonese massacre the population, and occupy the island.[1]
آسيا
- Mamluk sultan of Egypt Al Mansur Qalawun signs a ten-year truce with the Crusader city of Acre; he will violate the truce on various pretexts in 1290.
- The Byzantine city Tralles falls to the Turkish emirate of Menteşe; 20,000 people are led off as slaves.
- 4 مايو - Arghoun, governor of Khorasan revolted against Ahmad Teküder meets him south of Qazvin 1 . The battle is not decisive.
- 10 أغسطس - Ahmad Teküder is the victim of a plot 2 .
- 11 أغسطس - beginning of the reign of Arghoun , il-khan , Mongol of Persia (until 1291 ). He tried to ally himself with the Christians against the Mamluks and the Kiptchaks , but neither Pope Honoré IV nor the King of France Philippe le Bel responded to his offers of alliance.
- During the Tatar-Mongol invasion , the Lipetsk principality was destroyed and the city of Lipetsk was burned .
- The Horde, led by Khan Nogai , invaded Hungary.
- Hugechi, the son of Kublai , organizes his headquarters in Yunnan . The Mongols invade Vietnam , but are forced to withdraw after encountering stubborn resistance from the Vietnamese , led by warlord Tran Quoc Tuan.
أوروبا
- March 3 - The Statute of Rhuddlan extends English law to Wales.[2]
- June 5 - Battle of the Gulf of Naples: King Charles II of Naples is captured by Roger of Lauria، admiral to King Peter III of Aragon.
- May 18 – Jönköping in Sweden is granted town privileges.[3]
- August 5-6 - Battle of Meloria: The Italian city-state of Genoa defeats its rival Pisa at sea, ending Pisa's marine power and hastening the city's decline in power.
- September 9 - German warlord Trunda makes a campaign to Karelia to tax Karelians but is defeated by Novgorod and the men from Staraya Ladoga.[4]
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- 8 أغسطس - في معركة ملوريا، the Pisan fleet under the command of Albertino Morosini and Ugolino della Gherardesca is defeated by the Genoese . The entire fleet of the republic and several thousand Pisans perish. The defeat in this battle led to the collapse of the naval power of Pisa .
- King Stefan Dragutin of Serbia receives Belgrade، Syrmia، and other territories from Hungary، when his son marries the king of Hungary's cousin.
- The Kingdom of Germany imposes a trade embargo on Norway، due to the latter pillaging a German ship. The embargo cuts off vital supplies of grain, flour, vegetables and beer, causing a general famine in Norway.[5]
- The German city of Hamburg is destroyed by a fire.
- The events giving rise to the story of the Pied Piper of Hamelin take place in Lower Saxony.[6]
حسب الموضوع
الفنون والثقافة
- Construction of Beauvais Cathedral is interrupted by a partial collapse of the choir; the event unnerves French masons working in the Gothic style.
- Jean de Meun translates Vegetius' 4th century military treatise De Re Militari from Latin into French.
التعليم
- Peterhouse، the oldest collegiate foundation of the University of Cambridge in England, is established by Hugh de Balsham، أسقف إلي.
الصحة
- The al-Mansuri bimaristan (hospital) is completed in Cairo.[7]
التكنولوجيا
الأسواق
- The Republic of Venice begins coining the ducat، a gold coin that is to become the standard of European coinage, for the following 600 years.
مواليد
- April 25 – Edward II (Caernarfon), king of England (d. 1327)[8]
- April 26 – Alice de Toeni, English noblewoman (d. 1325)
- Delphine of Glandèves, French noblewoman (d. 1358)
- Edward (the Liberal), Savoyan nobleman (d. 1329)
- John I, Dutch nobleman (House of Holland) (d. 1299)
- Piers Gaveston, English nobleman and knight (d. 1312)
- Thomas de Brus, Scottish nobleman and knight (d. 1307)
- Wernher von Homberg, Swiss knight and poet (d. 1320)
- Yu Qin, Chinese official, geographer and writer (d. 1333)
وفيات
- January 18 - Qonqurtai، Mongol nobleman and viceroy
- January 28 - Alexander، Scottish prince and heir (و. 1264)
- February 12 - Humphrey of Montfort، Outremer nobleman
- March 24 - Hugh III (the Great), king of Cyprus (و. 1235)
- April 4 - Alfonso X (the Wise), king of Castile (و. 1221)
- April 6 - Peter I، French nobleman and prince (و. 1251)
- April 9 - Adelaide of Holland، Dutch noblewoman (و. 1230)
- April 15 - Jordan of Osnabrück، German political writer
- April 20 - Hōjō Tokimune، Japanese nobleman (و. 1251)
- July 30 - Sturla Þórðarson، Icelandic chieftain (و. 1214)
- 9 أغسطس - James of Castile، son of Alfonso X (و. 1268)
- August 10 - Tekuder، Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (و. 1246)
- August 19 - Alphonso، English nobleman and heir (و. 1273)
- August 30 - Ichijō Sanetsune، Japanese nobleman (و. 1223)
- October 16 - شمس الدين الجويني، حاكم ووزير فارسي
- November 9 - Siger of Brabant، Dutch philosopher (و. 1240)
- المنصور محمد بن محمود، الحاكم الأيوبي على حماة (و. 1214)
- ابن كمونة، فيلسوف وكاتب يهودي عربي (و. 1215)
- Irene Komnene Palaiologina، Byzantine princess (و. 1218)
- عيسى بن مهنا، حاكم وقائد بدوي عربي في عصر المماليك.
- John de Derlington، English archbishop and theologian
- Kaykhusraw III، Seljuk ruler of the Sultanate of Rum
أحداث أسطورية
- زمار هاملن: في عام 1284/ أغوى الساحر-الزمار 130 طفل ليخرج بهم من هاملن بأصوات ناي وقد هلك جميع أولئك الأطفال.
المراجع
- ^ أ ب Meynier, Gilbert (2010). L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518). Paris: La Découverte. pp. 161–3. ISBN 978-2-7071-5231-2.
- ^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 148–150. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ "Årtal och händelser i Jönköping" (in السويدية). Jönköpings historia. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
- ^ Linna, Martti, ed. (1989). Suomen varhaiskeskiajan lähteitä. Historian aitta. p. 138. ISBN 951-96006-1-2.
- ^ "Lecture on Economics in 1284". Stanford University. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011.
- ^ according to the earliest written record, of 1384، in the city records of Hamelin. Harty, Sheila (1994). "Pied Piper Revisited". In Bridges, David; McLaughlin, Terence H. (eds.). Education And The Market Place. Routledge. p. 89. ISBN 0-7507-0348-2.
- ^ "Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts _ Hospitals". Retrieved 8 November 2011.
- ^ "Edward II of England: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland". www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk. Retrieved 21 March 2019.