1270
| القرون: | قرن 12 · قرن 13 · قرن 14 |
| العقود: | ع1240 ع1250 ع1260 ع1270 ع1280 ع1290 ع1300 |
| السنوات: | 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 |
| ألفية: | الألفية 2 |
|---|---|
| قرون: | القرن 12 – القرن 13 – القرن 14 |
| عقود: | عقد 1240 عقد 1250 عقد 1260 – عقد 1270 – عقد 1280 عقد 1290 عقد 1300 |
| سنين: | 1267 1268 1269 – 1270 – 1271 1272 1273 |
| 1270 حسب الموضوع | |
| السياسة | |
| زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة | |
| تصنيفا المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفا التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| التأسيسات – الانحلالات | |
| الفن والأدب | |
| 1270 في الشعر | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 1270 MCCLXX |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 2023 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 719 ԹՎ ՉԺԹ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 6020 |
| التقويم البهائي | −574 – −573 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 677 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 2220 |
| سنة العهد الإنگليزي | 54 Hen. 3 – 55 Hen. 3 |
| التقويم البوذي | 1814 |
| التقويم البورمي | 632 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 6778–6779 |
| التقويم الصيني | 己巳年 (التراب الثعبان) 3966 أو 3906 — إلى — 庚午年 (المعدن الحصان) 3967 أو 3907 |
| التقويم القبطي | 986–987 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2436 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1262–1263 |
| التقويم العبري | 5030–5031 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1326–1327 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 1192–1193 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4371–4372 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 11270 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 270–271 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 648–649 |
| التقويم الهجري | 668–669 |
| التقويم الياباني | Bun'ei 7 (文永7年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | 1270 MCCLXX |
| التقويم الكوري | 3603 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 642 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前642年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 1813 |
Year 1270 (MCCLXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1270th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 270th year of the 2nd millennium, the 70th year of the 13th century, and the 1st year of the 1270s decade.
أحداث
أفريقيا
الحملة الصليبية الثامنة
- Before August – King Louis IX of France launches the Eighth Crusade, in an attempt to recapture the Crusader States from the Mamluk sultan Baibars; the opening engagement is a siege of Tunis.[1]
- 25 أغسطس – King Louis IX of France dies while besieging the city of Tunis, possibly due to poor quality drinking water.[2]
- October 30 – The siege of Tunis and the Eighth Crusade end, through an agreement between Charles I of Sicily (Louis IX's brother) and Muhammad I al-Mustansir, Khalif of Tunis.[3]
أحداث أخرى
- 10 أغسطس (10 Nehasé 1262) – Yekuno Amlak overthrows the Ethiopian Zagwe dynasty, claims the imperial throne and establishes the Solomonic Dynasty, which will last until 1974.[4]
آسيا
- In Korea, the Sambyeolcho Rebellion begins against the Goryeo dynasty, a vassal state of the أسرة يوان.[5]
- مدينة عسقلان القديمة تتحرر من الدويلات الصليبية، ويدمرها السلطان المملوكي بيبرس، who goes so far as to fill in its important harbor, leaving the site desolate, and the city never to be rebuilt.[6]
- مدينة تبريز، in present-day Iran, is made capital of the Mongol Ilkhanate Empire (approximate date).[7]
- ولاية كوتش المستقلة تتأسس، في ما هو اليوم الهند.[8]
- A census of the Chinese city of Hangzhou establishes that some 186,330 families reside within it, not including visitors and soldiers (Historian Jacques Gernet argues that this means a population of over 1 million inhabitants, making Hangzhou the most populous city in the world).[9]
- 15 ديسمبر – الحامية الإسماعيلية النزارية في Gerdkuh, Persia surrender after 17 years to the Mongols.[10]
أوروبا
- 16 فبراير – Livonian Crusade - Battle of Karuse: The Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order decisively, on the frozen surface of the Baltic Sea.[11]
- September 1 – King Stephen V of Hungary writes his walk to the antiquum castellum near Miholjanec, where the Sword of Attila has been recently discovered.[بحاجة لمصدر]
- ديسمبر - العناصر الرئيسية للفلسفة الرشدية (القائمة بدورها على أعمال أرسطو) are banned by the Roman Catholic Church, in a condemnation enacted by papal authority at the University of Paris.[12]
- The Summa Theologica, a work by Thomas Aquinas that is considered within the Roman Catholic Church to be the paramount expression of its theology, is completed (year uncertain).[13]
- Witelo translates Alhazen's 200-year-old treatise on optics, Kitab al-Manazir, from Arabic into Latin, bringing the work to European academic circles for the first time.[14]
- The Sanskrit fables known as the Panchatantra, dating from as early as 200 BCE, are translated into Latin, from a Hebrew version by John of Capua.[15]
- اكتمال إنشاء الكنيس الجديد القديم في پراگ.[16]
- الكاتدرائية على Rock of Cashel in Ireland is completed.[17]
- Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall, donates to the Cistercian Hailes Abbey in England (his father's foundation) a phial held to contain the Blood of Christ, acquired in the Holy Roman Empire; this becomes such a magnet for pilgrimage that within 7 years the monks are able to rebuild their abbey on a magnificent scale.[18]
- The Chronicle of Melrose is ended.[19]
مواليد
- March 12 – Charles, Count of Valois, son of Philip III of France (d. 1325)[20]
- Theodore Metochites, Byzantine statesman and author[21]
- Michael of Cesena, Franciscan theologian (d. 1342)[22]
- Cino da Pistoia, Italian poet (d. 1336)[23]
- Isabella of Burgundy, Queen of Germany (d. 1323)[24]
- Ma Zhiyuan, Chinese poet[25]
- Namdev, Marathi saint and poet (d. 1350)[26]
- approximate – William Wallace, Scottish patriot[27]
وفيات
- January 18 – Saint Margaret of Hungary (b. 1242)[28]
- February 23 – Saint Isabelle of France, French princess and saint (b. 1225)[29]
- March 17 – Philip of Montfort, Lord of Tyre[30]
- May 3 – Béla IV of Hungary (b. 1206)[31]
- July 9 – Stephen Báncsa, Hungarian cardinal (b. c. 1205)[32]
- July 18 – Boniface of Savoy, Archbishop of Canterbury[33]
- August 25
- King Louis IX of France (b. 1214)[34]
- Alphonso of Brienne (b. c. 1225)[35]
- September 24 – Philip of Montfort, Lord of Castres[36]
- December 4 – Theobald II of Navarre (Theobald V of Champagne) (b. c. 1238)[37]
- David VII Ulu, King of Georgia (b. 1215)[38]
- Ibn Abi Usaibia, Syrian Arab medical historian (b. 1203)[39]
- Isaac ben Moses of Vienna, Jewish rabbi and scholar (b. 1200)[40]
- Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk (b. 1212)[41]
- Uli I of Mali, second mansa of the Mali Empire[42]
References
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- ^ of Beaulieu, Geoffrey; of Chartres, William (2013). Gaposchkin, M. Cecilia; Field, Sean L. (eds.). The Sanctity of Louis IX: Early Lives of Saint Louis by Geoffrey of Beaulieu and William of Chartres (in الإنجليزية). Translated by Field, Larry F. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. p. 10. ISBN 9780801469138.
- ^ Ross, Jeffrey Ian (2015). Religion and Violence: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict from Antiquity to the Present (in الإنجليزية). London and New York: Routledge. p. 140. ISBN 9781317461098.
- ^ Halibo, Gidey Seyoum (2016). "Law, Religion and Pluralism in Ethiopia: The Evolution of a Complex Interaction". In Coertzen, Pieter; Green, M. Christian; Hansen, Len (eds.). Religious Freedom and Religious Pluralism in Africa: Prospects and Limitations (in الإنجليزية). Stellenbosch, South Africa: AFRICAN SUN MeDIA. p. 397. ISBN 9781928357032.
- ^ Injae, Lee; Miller, Owen; Jinhoon, Park; Hyun-Hae, Yi (2014). Shin, Michael D. (ed.). Korean History in Maps (in الإنجليزية). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 79. ISBN 9781107098466.
- ^ Avi-Yonah, Michael; Stern, Ephraim (1978). Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land (in الإنجليزية). Vol. I. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. p. 124. ISBN 9780132751155.
- ^ Pfeiffer, Judith (2014). Politics, Patronage and the Transmission of Knowledge in 13th - 15th Century Tabriz (in الإنجليزية). Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 305. ISBN 9789004262577.
- ^ "Welcome to Kutch". www.indianngos.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2017. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
- ^ Chase-Dunn, Chris; Inoue, Hiroku; Anderson, E.N. (16 August 2016). "The Growth of Hangzhou and the Geopolitical Context in East Asia". The Institute for Research on World-Systems Working Papers. 111.
- ^ Daftary, Farhad (1992). The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines (in الإنجليزية). Cambridge University Press. p. 429. ISBN 978-0-521-42974-0.
- ^ Jaques, Tony (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 2: F - O. Westport, CN, London: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 513. ISBN 9780313335389.
- ^ Brown, Stephen F.; Flores, Juan Carlos (2007). Historical Dictionary of Medieval Philosophy and Theology. Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movemenets (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 76. Lanham, MA, Toronto, Plymouth: Scarecrow Press. p. 45. ISBN 9780810864535.
- ^ Perrier, Joseph Louis (1909). The Revival of Scholastic Philosophy in the Nineteenth Century (in الإنجليزية). Columbia University Press.
- ^ Hutton, Charles (1815). A Philosophical and Mathematical Dictionary: Containing an Explanation of the Terms, and an Account of the Several Subjects, Comprised Under the Heads Mathematics, Astronomy, and Philosophy Both Natural and Experimental Also Memoirs of the Lives and Writing of the Eminent Authors, Both Ancient and Modern who by Their Discoveries or Improvements Have Contributed to the Advancement of Them (in الإنجليزية). London: Rivington. p. 135.
- ^ Lanman, Charles Rockwell (1920). Harvard Oriental Series: Descriptive List Thereof, Revised to 1920: with a Brief Memorial of Its Joint-founder, Henry Clarke Warren (in الإنجليزية). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 5.
- ^ Frank, Ben G. (2001) [1992]. A Travel Guide to Jewish Europe: A practical, anecdotal and adventurous journey through historic Jewish Europe, including kosher restaurants, cafes, synagogues and museums, plus cultural and heritage sites (in الإنجليزية) (Third ed.). Gretna, LA: Pelican Publishing. p. 489. ISBN 9781455613298.
- ^ Brockman, Norbert (2011). Encyclopedia of Sacred Places (in الإنجليزية). Vol. I: A–M (Second ed.). ABC-CLIO. p. 460. ISBN 9781598846546.
- ^ قالب:PastScape
- ^ Jamroziak, Emilia (2008). "Border Communities between Violence and Opportunities: Scotland and Pomerania Compared". In Unger, Richard (ed.). Britain and Poland-Lithuania: Contact and Comparison from the Middle Ages to 1795. The Northern World (in الإنجليزية). Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 134. ISBN 9789004166233.
- ^ Hiser, Patricia (2001). My Kind of Man: With the History of the Gwinn, O?Connor, Kincaid, Richardson, Hiser West Virginia Families and Other Associated Lines and the Avery Family of Maine (in الإنجليزية). San Jose New York Lincoln Shanghai: iUniverse. p. 141. ISBN 9780595210008.
- ^ Ousterhout, Robert G. (1987). The Architecture of the Kariye Camii in Istanbul. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 25. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks. p. 34. ISBN 9780884021650.
- ^ Haft, Adele J.; White, Jane G.; White, Robert J. (1999). The Key to "The Name of the Rose": Including Translations of All Non-English Passages (in الإنجليزية). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 75. ISBN 9780472086214.
- ^ Brundage, James A. (2008). The Medieval Origins of the Legal Profession: Canonists, Civilians, and Courts (in الإنجليزية). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. p. 119. ISBN 9780226077611.
- ^ Wispelwey, Berend (2011). Biographical Index of the Middle Ages (in الإنجليزية). Munich: K. G. Saur Verlag. p. 575. ISBN 9783110914160.
- ^ Taylor, Julia C. (1990). Female Suicide in Chinese Drama: Selected Plays from the Yuan Dynasty to the Cultural Revolution (in الإنجليزية). Madison: University of Wisconsin. p. 40.
- ^ Sadarangani, Neeti M. (2004). Bhakti Poetry in Medieval India: Its Inception, Cultural Encounter and Impact (in الإنجليزية). New Delhi: Sarup & Sons. p. 43. ISBN 9788176254366.
- ^ Pearson, Stuart (2015). Great Scottish Heroes - Fifty Scots Who Shaped the World (in الإنجليزية). London: John Blake Publishing. p. 8. ISBN 9781784186135.
- ^ Csepregi, Ildikó (2018). "Preface to the Text Recording Margaret's Miracles". In Csepregi, Ildikó; Klaniczay, Gábor; Péterfi, Bence (eds.). The Oldest Legend: Acts of the Canonization Process, and Miracles of Saint Margaret of Hungary. Central European Medieval Texts (in الإنجليزية). Translated by Csepregi, Ildikó; Flanigan, Clifford; Perraud, Louis. Budapest, New York: Central European University Press. p. 31. ISBN 9789633862186.
- ^ Mews, Constant J. (2011). "The "Speculum dominarum" ("Miroir des dames") and Transformations of the Literature of Instruction for Women in the Early Fourteenth Century". In Green, Karen; Mews, Constant J. (eds.). Virtue Ethics for Women 1250-1500. The New Synthese Historical Library (in الإنجليزية). Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 19. ISBN 9789400705296.
- ^ Lower, Michael (2018). The Tunis Crusade of 1270: A Mediterranean History (in الإنجليزية). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 165. ISBN 9780191061837.
- ^ Salagean, Tudor (2016). Transylvania in the Second Half of the Thirteenth Century: The Rise of the Congregational System. East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages 450 - 1450 (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 37. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 106. ISBN 9789004311343.
- ^ Kosta, László (2007). "Análise Prosopográfica Dos Cónegos Dos Cabidos Catedralícios Húngaros Na Idade Média (1200-1350): Conclusões". Carreiras Eclesiásticas no Ocidente Cristão (séc. XII-XIV) (in الإنجليزية). Lisbon: Centro de Estudos de História - Universidade Católica Portuguesa. p. 18. ISBN 9789728361266.
- ^ Cross, The Late F. L.; Cross, Frank Leslie; Livingstone, Elizabeth A. (2005). The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (in الإنجليزية) (Third ed.). Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. p. 226. ISBN 9780192802903.
- ^ Gaposchkin, Marianne Cecilia (2008). The Making of Saint Louis: Kingship, Sanctity, and Crusade in the Later Middle Ages (in الإنجليزية). Ithaca, London: Cornell University Press. pp. 25. ISBN 9780801445507.
1270 Louis IX.
- ^ Parsons, John Carmi (1977). The Court and Household of Eleanor of Castile in 1290: An Edition of British Library, Additional Manuscript 35294 with Introduction and Notes (in الإنجليزية). Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. p. 107. ISBN 9780888440372.
- ^ Maddicott, J. R. (2001) [1994]. Simon de Montfort (in الإنجليزية). Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. xxv. ISBN 9780521376365.
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- ^ Aydin, Sami (2016) [1996]. A History of Medicine: Byzantine and Islamic medicine. Aristoteles Semitico-Latinus (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 24. Leiden, Boston: Horatius Press. p. 200. ISBN 9781888456042.
- ^ Fishman, Talya (2011). Becoming the People of the Talmud: Oral Torah as Written Tradition in Medieval Jewish Cultures (in الإنجليزية). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 156. ISBN 9780812222876.
- ^ Fairclough, John (2008). "Bigods at Walton Hall and their Successors" (PDF). Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History. 41 (4): 418.
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