1157
| القرون: | قرن 11 · قرن 12 · قرن 13 |
| العقود: | ع1120 ع1130 ع1140 ع1150 ع1160 ع1170 ع1180 |
| السنوات: | 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 |
| ألفية: | الألفية 2 |
|---|---|
| قرون: | القرن 11 – القرن 12 – القرن 13 |
| عقود: | عقد 1120 عقد 1130 عقد 1140 – عقد 1150 – عقد 1160 عقد 1170 عقد 1180 |
| سنين: | 1154 1155 1156 – 1157 – 1158 1159 1160 |
| 1157 حسب الموضوع | |
| السياسة | |
| زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة | |
| تصنيفات المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفات التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| التأسيسات – الانحلالات | |
| الفنون والآداب | |
| 1157 في الشعر | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 1157 MCLVII |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 1910 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 606 ԹՎ ՈԶ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 5907 |
| التقويم البهائي | −687 – −686 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 564 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 2107 |
| سنة العهد الإنگليزي | 3 Hen. 2 – 4 Hen. 2 |
| التقويم البوذي | 1701 |
| التقويم البورمي | 519 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 6665–6666 |
| التقويم الصيني | 丙子年 (النار الفأر) 3853 أو 3793 — إلى — 丁丑年 (النار الثور) 3854 أو 3794 |
| التقويم القبطي | 873–874 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2323 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1149–1150 |
| التقويم العبري | 4917–4918 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1213–1214 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 1079–1080 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4258–4259 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 11157 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 157–158 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 535–536 |
| التقويم الهجري | 551–552 |
| التقويم الياباني | Hōgen 2 (保元２年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | 1157 MCLVII |
| التقويم الكوري | 3490 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 755 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前755年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 1700 |
Year 1157 (MCLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
أحداث
- 12 يناير – March 16 – Caliph Al-Muqtafi successfully defends Baghdad against the coalition forces of Sultan Muhammad of Hamadan, and Atabeg Qutb-adin of Mosul.[1]
- Albert I of Brandenburg begins his ruthless program to pacify the Slavic region.[2]
- 3 أبريل - زلزال قوي في شمال بلاد الشام. أضرار هائلة في مدن شيزر وحماة، وكفر تاب وأفاميا، وحتى ضواحي حلب.
- 26 أبريل - معركة بانياس: الجيش الصليبي يهزمه نصرة الدين أمير ميران، شقيق نور الدين محمود.
- 8 مايو – Ahmed Sanjar, Great Seljuk Sultan (و. 1084 or 1086)[3]
- 15 مايو – Yury Dolgoruky, Russian prince (و. c. 1099)[4]
- [22 مايو]] - نور الدين محمود يستولي على بانياس. الحامية المحاصَرة تلجأ إلى القلعة.
- 12-20 يونيو - الفرنجة يكسرون الحصار المفروض على قلعة بانياس. Strong reinforcements arrive to help the besieged, but since the fortifications of the city were completely destroyed, the Christians leave it.
- 4-14 يوليو - There are several aftershocks of an earthquake in Syria. It was reported from the north that these tremors were felt in Aleppo and in Hims .
- June 11 – Albert I of Brandenburg, also called The Bear (Ger: Albrecht der Bär), becomes the founder of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, Germany and the first Margrave.[5]
- August 12 - The 1157 Hama earthquake takes place after a year of foreshocks. Its name is taken from the city of Hama, in west-central Syria (then under Seljuk rule), where the most casualties are sustained.[6]
- August 21 – Sancho III and Ferdinand II, the sons of King Alfonso VII of Castile, divide his kingdom between them upon his death.[7]
- October 23 – Battle of Grathe Heath: A civil war in Denmark ends with the death of King Sweyn III. Valdemar I of Denmark becomes king of all Denmark, and restores and rebuilds the country.[8]
- Henry II of England grants a charter to the merchants of Lincoln (approximate date).[9]
- Battle of Ewloe: Henry II of England invades Wales, and is defeated by Owain Gwynedd.[10]
- Nur ad-Din Zengi besieges the Knights Hospitaller in the crusader fortress of Banyas, routs a relief army led by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem, and takes Grand Master Bertrand de Blanquefort prisoner.[11]
مجهولة التاريخ
- The Swedes organize a crusade to Finland .
- Formation of the Order of Calatrava in Castile.
- León secedes from Castile again .
- 1157-1158 - Sancho III , King of Castile .
- 1157-1188 - King of Leon Ferdinand II (1137-1188).
- Capture of Almeria by the Almohads (from the Castilians).
- The Franks capture Sheizar, taking advantage of the general unrest caused by the earthquake and Nur al-Din's serious illness.
- After the death of the Seljukid Ahmad Sanjar , the dominance of the Khorezmshahs began in Khorasan .
مواليد
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- September 8 – King Richard I of England (ت. 1199)[12]
- Alexander Neckham, English scholar, teacher, theologian and abbot of Cirencester Abbey (ت. 1217)[13]
- Leopold V of Austria, Duke of Austria from 1177 and Duke of Styria from 1192 until his death (ت. 1194)[14]
- Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary, Queen of England by marriage to Henry the Young King and queen of Hungary and Croatia by marriage to Béla III of Hungary (ت. 1197)[15]
- Tomoe Gozen, female Samurai warrior and military leader (ت. 1247)
وفيات
- 24 يناير أو 25 يناير – Agnes of Babenberg, Politically active High Duchess consort of Poland (و. 1111)[16]
- August 21 – King Alfonso VII of Castile (و. 1105)[17]
- October 23 – King Sweyn III of Denmark (b.c. 1125) (in battle)[18]
- مجهولة التاريخ – King Eystein II of Norway (b.c. 1125)[19]
المراجع
- ^ Syed, Muzaffar Husain; Akhtar, Syed Saud; Usmani, B. D. (2011). Concise History of Islam (in الإنجليزية). New Delhi: Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. p. 56. ISBN 9789382573470.
- ^ Loud, Graham A.; Staub, Martial (2017). The Making of Medieval History (in الإنجليزية). Suffolk and Rochester, NY: Boydell & Brewer. p. 168. ISBN 9781903153703.
- ^ Bauer, Susan Wise (2013). "Chapter Nineteen: Foreign Relations". The History of the Renaissance World: From the Rediscovery of Aristotle to the Conquest of Constantinople (in الإنجليزية). New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 134. ISBN 9780393240672.
- ^ Krattli, Edward C. (2014). Dowling, Timothy C. (ed.). Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond (in الإنجليزية). Vol. I: A - M. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 250. ISBN 9781598849486.
- ^ Partenheimer, Luiz (2017). "A Success Story: Brandenburg in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries". In Loud, Graham A.; Schenk, Jochen (eds.). The Origins of the German Principalities, 1100-1350: Essays by German Historians (in الإنجليزية). London and New York: Taylor & Francis. pp. 298–301. ISBN 9781317022008.
- ^ Ambraseys, Nicholas N. (2004). "The 12th century seismic paroxysm in the Middle East: a historical perspective" (PDF). Annals of Geophysics. Istituto Nazionale Geofisica e Vulcanologia. 47 (2–3): 733, 738, 745, 750.
- ^ Reilly, Bernard F. (1998). The Kingdom of León-Castilla Under King Alfonso VII, 1126-1157 (in الإنجليزية). Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 136. ISBN 9780812234527.
- ^ Kohn, George C. (2007) [1986]. Dictionary of Wars (in الإنجليزية). New York: Infobase Publishing. p. 154. ISBN 9781438129167.
- ^ Holt, Richard (2000). "Society and Population 600 - 1300". In Palliser, D. M.; Clark, Peter; Daunton, Martin J. (eds.). The Cambridge Urban History of Britain (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 600–1540. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 88. ISBN 9780521444613.
- ^ Venning, Timothy (2013). The Kings & Queens of Wales (in الإنجليزية). Stroud, UK: Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 9781445615776.
- ^ Fulton, Michael S. (2018). Artillery in the Era of the Crusades: Siege Warfare and the Development of Trebuchet Technology. History of Warfare (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 122. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 124. ISBN 9789004376922.
- ^ Howlett, Richard (2012). Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II, and Richard I (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 2. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. xlii. ISBN 9781108052276.
- ^ Magill, Frank N. (2012) [1998]. Dictionary of World Biography (in الإنجليزية). Vol. 2: The Middle Ages. London and New York: Routledge. p. 663. ISBN 9781136593130.
- ^ Loud, G. A. (2010). The Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa: The History of the Expedition of the Emperor Frederick and Related Texts (in الإنجليزية). Farnham and Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 35. ISBN 9781472413963.
- ^ Huffman Jr., Domer J. (2016). Direct Ancestors of Domer J. Huffman, Jr: & D.J.'s Odds & Ends (in الإنجليزية). Pittsburgh, PA: Dorrance Publishing. p. 295. ISBN 9781480926899.
- ^ Weis, Frederick Lewis (2002) [1950]. Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America Before 1700: The Lineage of Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Some of Their Descendants (in الإنجليزية) (Seventh ed.). Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 129. ISBN 9780806313672.
- ^ Flood, Timothy M. (2019). "Chapter 8. The Division of Leon-Castille and the Decline of the Almohads: 1157 - 1214". Rulers and Realms in Medieval Iberia, 711–1492 (in الإنجليزية). Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 109. ISBN 9781476633725.
- ^ Woodward, Bernard Bolingbroke; Cates, William Leist Readwin (1872). Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical (in الإنجليزية). London: Lee and Shepard. p. 418.
- ^ Wise, Leonard F.; Hansen, Mark Hillary; Egan, E. W. (2005) [1967]. Kings, Rulers, and Statesmen (in الإنجليزية). New York: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 218. ISBN 9781402725920.