سوڤا
سوڤا
सुवा Suva | |
|---|---|
 وسط مدينة سوڤا | |
 Coat of arms | |
 سوڤا في فيجي | |
| الإحداثيات: Coordinates: 18°08′30″S 178°26′31″E / 18.1416°S 178.4419°E | |
| البلد |  فيجي |
| الجزيرة | ڤيتي لڤو |
| القسم | القسم الأوسط |
| المساحة | |
| • المدينة | 791 ميل² (2٬048 كم²) |
| التعداد (2017) | |
| • المدينة | 85٬691 |
| • Urban | 172٬399 |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC+12 (1200 GMT) |
سوڤا (إنگليزية: Suva ؛ قالب:IPA-fj) هي عاصمة فيجي وأكبر مدنها. تقع على الساحل جنوب الشرقي لجزيرة ڤيتي لڤو، في القسم الأوسط، والتي هي عاصمتها كذلك. أصبحت سوفا عاصمة فيجي في 1877. عدد سكانها 167421 نسمة (1996).
In 1877, it was decided to make Suva the capital of Fiji. At that time, the colony was being administered from what had been the main European settlement: Levuka, on the Fijian island of Ovalau, in Lomaiviti Province. But the geography of Luvuka and its environs had proven too restrictive. The administration of the colony was transferred from Levuka to Suva in 1882.
As of the 2017 census, the city of Suva had a population of 93,970,[1] and Suva's metropolitan area, which includes the independent suburbs, had a population of 185,913.[2] The combined urban population of Suva and the towns of Lami, Nasinu, and Nausori that border it was around 330,000: over a third of the nation's population. (This urban complex, excluding Lami, is also known as the Suva-Nausori corridor.)
Suva is the political, economic, and cultural centre of Fiji. It is also the economic and cultural capital of the South Pacific, hosting the majority of the regional headquarters of major international corporations, international agencies, and diplomatic missions. The city also has a thriving arts and performance scene, and a growing reputation as the region's fashion capital.
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التاريخ
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In 1868, when Suva was still a small village, the Bauan chieftain, Seru Epenisa Cakobau, granted 5,000 km2 (1,900 sq mi) of land to the Australian-based Polynesia Company, in exchange for the company's promise to pay off debts owed to the United States. More than a tenth of this land area, 575 km2 (222 sq mi), was located near Suva. The company's original intention was to develop a cotton farming industry, but the land and climate proved unsuitable. [3]
In 1874, control of the Fiji Islands was ceded to the United Kingdom. In 1877, the colonial authorities decided to move the capital to Suva from Levuka, Ovalau, Lomaiviti, because Levuka's location between a steep mountain and the sea made any expansion of the town impractical. Colonel F.E. Pratt of the Royal Engineers was appointed Surveyor-General in 1875 and designed the new capital in Suva, assisted by W. Stephens and Colonel R.W. Stewart. The transfer to Suva was made official in 1882.[4]
In 1910, Suva acquired the status of a municipality, under the Municipal Constitution Ordinance of 1909. Its area remained one square mile until 1952, when Suva annexed the Muanikau and Samabula wards, expanding its territory to 13 km2 (5.0 sq mi). In October of that year, Suva was officially designated a city – Fiji's first. Suva later annexed Tamavua. Most recently, Suva further extended its boundaries by incorporating the Cunningham area at its northern edge. Since then, urban sprawl has led to the growth of a number of suburbs that remain outside the city limits. Together with the city, they form the metropolitan area known as the Greater Suva Area.[5]
Suva hosted the South Pacific Games in 2003 for the third time in the event's 40-year history. In preparation for hosting the event, the Fijian government, with the help of a $16 million aid package from the People's Republic of China, funded the construction of a new gymnasium, indoor sports centre, swimming pool, stadium, field hockey pitch, and grandstands in the area around Suva.[6]
الجغرافيا
المناخ
| سوڤا | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| جدول طقس (التفسير) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| متوسطات الطقس لSuva, Fiji | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| شهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | السنة |
| العظمى القياسية °C (°F) | 35 (95) | 36 (97) | 37 (99) | 34 (93) | 34 (93) | 32 (90) | 32 (90) | 32 (90) | 32 (90) | 34 (93) | 34 (93) | 36 (97) | 37 (99) |
| متوسط العظمى °م (°ف) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 27 (81) | 26 (79) | 26 (79) | 27 (81) | 27 (81) | 28 (82) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) |
| متوسط الصغرى °م (°ف) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 22 (72) | 21 (70) | 20 (68) | 20 (68) | 21 (70) | 21 (70) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 20 (68) |
| الصغرى القياسية °م (°F) | 19 (66) | 19 (66) | 19 (66) | 16 (61) | 16 (61) | 14 (57) | 13 (55) | 14 (57) | 14 (57) | 14 (57) | 13 (55) | 17 (63) | 13 (55) |
| هطول الأمطار mm (بوصة) | 290 (11.4) | 272 (10.7) | 368 (14.5) | 310 (12.2) | 257 (10.1) | 170 (6.7) | 125 (4.9) | 211 (8.3) | 196 (7.7) | 211 (8.3) | 249 (9.8) | 318 (12.5) | 2٬977 (117٫2) |
| المصدر: http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT004930 January 2010 | |||||||||||||
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السكان
| 1986 | 1996 | 2007 | 2010 (estimate) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suva City | 141,273 | 167,975 | 85,691 | 85,691 | |||||||
| Official figures from population censuses | |||||||||||
المعالم
الاقتصاد
المؤسسات
المدن الشقيقة
بـِيْهاي، گوانگشي، جمهورية الصين الشعبية[9]
برايتون، أستراليا- Guangdong, China
- Frankston, Australia
Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea- Shaoxing, China
Yongsan, Seoul, South Korea
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انظر أيضاً
الهامش
- ^ "Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics – Population and Demography". Statsfiji.gov.fj. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
- ^ "2007 Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved 25 January 2017.
- ^ "ClimateFinder.com - Nausori, Fiji". www.climatefinder.com. Retrieved 2020-02-04.
- ^ "Europcar Fiji - Suva". www.europcar.com.fj. Retrieved 2020-02-04.
- ^ Nath, Shyam; Roberts, John L.; Madhoo, Yeti Nisha (2010). Saving Small Island Developing States: Environmental and Natural Resource Challenges. Commonwealth Secretariat. p. 164. ISBN 9781849290319.
- ^ "PATARA sponsors South Pacific Games 2003 and provides Information & Communications Technology for a "Smart Games"". patarapacific.com. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
- ^ "Sister Cities". suvacity.org. Suva. Retrieved 2020-07-20.
- ^ "Sister-city relation to enhance trade". fijisun.com.fj. Fiji Sun. 2012-12-12. Retrieved 2020-07-20.
- ^ "About Beihai - Sister cities". Beihai Government. Retrieved 2008-11-25.
المصادر
- Fiji, by Korina Miller, Robyn Jones, Leonardo Pinheiro - Travel - 2003, published by Lonely Planet, pages 139-141, details on Suva City.
- The Suva City Library: A Brief History and Development, 1909–1980, by S Baksh - 1980
- Pluralism and Social Change in Suva City, Fiji, by Alexander Mamak - 1974, Thesis/dissertation; Ethnology (Fiji, Suva City); Suva City, Fiji Islands (Social conditions)
- A History of the Pacific Islands: Passages Through Tropical Time - Page 162, by Deryck Scarr 2001 - 323 pages.
- Frommer's South Pacific, by Bill Goodwin - Travel - 2004, pages 258-263
وصلات خارجية
Suva travel guide from Wikivoyage- Suva City Council (موقع رسمي)