قائمة الأسرات والجماعات اليهودية

(تم التحويل من Hasidic dynasties)

المقالة الرئيسية: اليهودية الحسيدية

الأسرة الحاكمة الحسيدية هي أسرة حاكمة بقودها Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes,[1] and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:

  • Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR[2] (abbreviation for Adoneinu Moreinu Verabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
  • The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
  • The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
  • The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader.

Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:

  • It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
  • It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
  • It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.

الأسر كبيرة الأتباع

Hasidic dynasties (arranged alphabetically) with a large following include:

الاسم الربى الحالي (أو الأخير) المؤسس المقر الحالي مدينة / بلدة الأصل
بلتس

(Machnovka-Belz)

Yissachar Dov Rokeach

Yehoshua Rokeach

Sholom Rokeach (1781–1855) القدس، إسرائيل Belz، گاليسيا، النمسا-المجر / پولندا (حالياً في أوكرانيا)
بوبوف

(Bobov-45)

Ben Zion Aryeh Leibish Halberstam

Mordechai Dovid Unger (و. 1954)

Shlomo Halberstam of Bobov (1847–1905) Borough Park، بروكلن Bobowa و Sanz, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (حالياً في پولندا)
حباد لوباڤتش مناحم مندل شنيرسون (1902–1994) Schneur Zalman of Liadi (1745–1812) Crown Heights, Brooklyn Lyubavichi، روسيا
گر يعكوڤ آرييه ألتر (و. 1939)؛

Shaul Alter (Kehilas Pnei Menachem)

Yitzchak Meir Alter (1799–1866) القدس، إسرائيل Góra Kalwaria، الإمبراطورية الروسية (حالياً في پولندا)
Karlin-Stolin Baruch Meir Yaakov Shochet Aaron ben Jacob of Karlin (1736–1772) Givat Zeev,
القدس، إسرائيل 		Karlin، بلاروس
Sanz-Klausenburg Tzvi Elimelech Halberstam;
Shmuel Dovid Halberstam 		Chaim Halberstam من Sanz (1796–1876) Kiryat Sanz, Netanya، إسرائيل؛
Borough Park, بروكلن 		Kolozsvár، المجر (حالياً كلوج-ناپوكا، رومانيا)، و Sanz، گاليسيا (حالياً في پولندا)
ساتمار Aaron Teitelbaum (و. 1947)؛
Zalman Leib Teitelbaum (و. 1952) 		Joel Teitelbaum (1887–1979) Kiryas Joel، نيويورك؛
وليامزبرگ، بروكلن 		Szatmárnémeti، المجر (حالياً Satu Mare، رومانيا)
سكڤر David Twersky (و. 1940) Yitzchak Twersky New Square, New York Skvira، الإمبراطورية الروسية (حالياً في أوكرانيا)
Vizhnitz Yisroel Hager;
مناحم مندل هاگر؛
Yisroel Hager;
مناحم مندل هاگر؛
Yitzchak Yohanan Hager؛
Eliezer Ze'ev Hager;
David Hager;
Aharon Hager؛
باروخ شمشون هاگر 		مناحم مندل هاگر بني براك، إسرائيل،
Kaser, New York;
Kiamesha Lake, New York;
وليامزبرگ، بروكلن؛
القدس؛
لندن؛
مونتريال؛
Beit Shemesh 		Vyzhnytsia، بوكوڤينا، النمسا-المجر (حالياً في أوكرانيا)

أسر بأتباع أقل

Hasidic dynasties (arranged alphabetically) with a small following include:

الاسم Current (or last) Rebbe Founder Presently headquartered In Town of origin
Aleksander Yisroel Tzvi Yair Danziger

Yosef Yitzchak Meir Singer

Yechiel Dancyger (1828–1894) Bnei Brak, Israel

Borough Park, Brooklyn

Aleksandrów Łódzki, Poland
Amshinov Menachem Kalish;

Osher Chaim Kalish;
Yaakov Aryeh Milikowsky

Yaakov Dovid Kalish of Amshinov (1814–1878) Borough Park, Brooklyn;
Beit Shemesh, Israel;
Jerusalem, Israel 		Mszczonów, Poland
Ashlag Avraham Mordechai Gottlieb;

Simcha Avraham Ashlag;

Moshe Hayyim Brandwein

Yehuda Leib Ha-Levi Ashlag (1885–1954) Bnei Brak, Israel Warsaw, Poland
Biala Avraham Yerachmiel Rabinowicz;
Yaakov Menachem Rabinowicz;
Aaron Rabinowicz 		Yitzchok Yaakov Rabinowicz (died 1905) Jerusalem, Israel;
Bnei Brak, Israel;
Borough Park, Brooklyn 		Biała Podlaska, Poland
Boston Moshe Shimon Horowitz;

Mayer Alter Horowitz;
Naftali Yehuda Horowitz;Chaim Avrohom Horowitz

Pinchas David Horowitz (1876–1941) Brookline, Massachusetts;
Jerusalem, Israel 		Boston
Boyan Nachum Dov Brayer Yitzchok Friedman (1850–1917) Jerusalem, Israel Boiany, Bukovina (now in Ukraine)
Chernobyl Menachem Nachum Twerski

Avraham Yehoshua Heshel Twersky Yeshaya Twerski

Menachem Nachum Twerski of Chernobyl (1730–1797) Bnei Brak, Israel;
Ashdod, Israel;
Borough Park, Brooklyn; Lawrence, NY 		Chernobyl, Ukraine
Dushinsky Yosef Tzvi Dushinsky Yosef Tzvi Dushinsky (1867–1948) Jerusalem, Israel Jerusalem, Israel
Machnovka Yehoshua Rokeach Yosef Meir Twersky of Machnovka Bnei Brak, Israel Machnovka, Ukraine
Melitz Naftali Asher Yeshayahu Moscowitz Yaakov Horowitz of Melitz
(son of Naftali Zvi of Ropshitz) 		Ashdod, Israel Mielec, Galicia (now in Poland)
Modzitz Chaim Shaul Taub Yechezkel Taub of Kuzmir (1755–1856) Bnei Brak, Israel Dęblin, Poland
Munkacz Moshe Leib Rabinovich Shlomo Spira ("Shem Shlomo") of Munkacz Borough Park, Brooklyn Munkács, Hungary (now in Ukraine)
Nadvorna several Mordechai Leifer (1835–1894) Bnei Brak, Israel

London

Nadvirna, Galicia (now in Ukraine)
Nikolsburg-Monsey Yosef Yechiel Mechel Lebovits Shmuel Shmelke HaLevi Horowitz of Nikolsburg (1726–1778) Monsey, New York Nikolsburg, Moravia
Novominsk Yoshua Perlow (Borough Park, Brooklyn)
Yisroel Perlow (Lakewood) 		Yaakov Perlow I (1843–1902) Borough Park, Brooklyn Mińsk Mazowiecki, Poland
Pinsk-Karlin Aryeh Rosenfeld Aharon the Great of Karlin (1736–1772) Jerusalem, Israel Karlin, Belarus
Pupa Yaakov Yechezkia Greenwald II (b. 1948) Moshe Greenwald Williamsburg, Brooklyn Pápa, Hungary
Rachmastrivka Yitzchak Twerski;
David Twerski 		Yochanan Twerski of Rachmastrivka Borough Park, Brooklyn;
Jerusalem, Israel 		Rachmastrivka, Ukraine
Radzin or Izhbitza – Radzin Shlomo Yosef Englard Mordechai Yosef Leiner of Izhbitza Bnei Brak, Israel Izbica, Poland;
Radzyń Podlaski, Poland
Rebar Several Jerusalem, Israel Jerusalem Israel
Sadigura Yisrael Moshe Friedman Ztl August 2020

Mordechai Shulem Yosef Friedman Yitzchak yehoushoua Heschel Friedman

Avrohom Yaakov Friedman of Sadigura (1820–1883) Bnei Brak, Israel Sadagóra, Bukovina (now in Ukraine)
Slonim Shmuel Brozovosky;
Avrohom Weinberg 		Avraham of Slonim Jerusalem, Israel;
Bnei Brak, Israel 		Slonim, Belarus
Shomer Emunim
Toldos Aharon
Toldos Avrohom Yitzchok 		Avrohom Chaim Roth;
Dovid Kohn;
Shmuel Yaakov Kohn 		Aharon Roth ("Reb Ahrele") (1894–1947) Kiryat Shomrei Emunim, Jerusalem
Mea Shearim, Jerusalem 		Jerusalem, Israel
Skolye Refoel Goldstein

Avrohom Moshe Rabinowitz

Borough Park, Brooklyn Skole, Galicia, Ukraine
Skulen Yeshaya Yakov Portugal;
Efraim Yehuda Portugal;
Meir Portugal;
Zvi Noach Portugal;
Shmiel Mordche Portugal 		Eliezer Zusia Portugal (1898–1982) Borough Park, Brooklyn; Williamsburg; Monsey; Lakewood; Jerusalem Sculeni, Bessarabia (now in Moldova)
Spinka Yisrael Chaim Weiss;

Meir Eleazer Weiss; Avraham Yitchak Kahana; Abraham Abish Horowitz; Yitzchak Isaac Horowitz; Nuta Horowitz

Joseph Meir Weiss (1838–1909) Williamsburg, Brooklyn;
Jerusalem, Israel;
Bnei Brak, Israel 		Szaplonca, Hungary (now Săpânţa, Romania)
Tosh Elimelech Segal-Lowy Meshulam Feish Segal-Lowy I Kiryas Tosh
Boisbriand, Quebec 		Nyírtass, Hungary
Vien Asher Anshel Katz Klonumos Richter Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York Vienna, Austria
Zvhil Avraham Goldman;
Shlomo Goldman;
Yitzhak Aharon Korff (of Zvhil – Mezhbizh) 		Moshe of Zvhil (died 1831) Jerusalem, Israel;
Union City, New Jersey;
Boston, Massachusetts 		Zvyahel, Volhynia (now Zviahel, Ukraine)

الجماعات الحسيدية (بدون أسر)

الاسم المؤسس المقر الرئيسي في مكان الأصل
Breslov Nachman of Breslov (1772–1810) القدس، إسرائيل براتسلاڤ، أوكرانيا
Malachim Chaim Avraham Dov Ber Levine haCohen (1860–1938) Williamsburg, Brooklyn بروكلن, New York
Peshischa Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz "The Yid Hakudosh" (1766–1813) Przysucha, پولندا
Rybnitza Chaim Zanvl Abramowitz (ت. 1995) Rîbnița, Moldova / Transnistria

أسر أخرى

Many of these dynasties have presently few or no devotees, due to most of the Hasidic groups being destroyed during the Holocaust, 1939–1945. Other communities are flourishing, and have growing Hasidic sects. There are many dynasties whose followers number around five to fifteen people, and are not listed here.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

U

V

Y

Z

المراجع

  • Rabinowicz, Tzvi M. The Encyclopedia of Hasidism ISBN 1-56821-123-6 Jason Aronson, Inc., 1996.
  • Alfasi, Yitschak. החסידות מדור לדור Hachasidut miDor leDor (2 vols)
  1. ^ "Hasidism". World Book. Vol. 9. 2012. p. 82.
  2. ^ Ettinger, Yair (Jan 1, 2013). "Hasidic leader Yaakov Friedman, the Admor of Sadigura, dies at 84". Haaretz. Retrieved Oct 14, 2013.

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