هنري بايرود

Henry A. Byroade
Henry Byroade with Nasser.jpg
Ambassador Byroade (right) being received by Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, 1955
12th سفير الولايات المتحدة إلى پاكستان
في المنصب
October 15, 1973 – April 23, 1977
الرئيسRichard Nixon
جرالد فورد
جيمي كارتر
سبقهJoseph S. Farland
خلـَفهArthur W. Hummel, Jr.
سفير الولايات المتحدة إلى الفلپين
في المنصب
August 29, 1969 – May 25, 1973
الرئيسRichard Nixon
سبقهG. Mennen Williams
خلـَفهWilliam H. Sullivan
United States Ambassador to Burma
في المنصب
September 10, 1963 – June 11, 1968
الرئيسJohn F. Kennedy
Lyndon B. Johnson
سبقهJohn Scott Everton
خلـَفهArthur W. Hummel, Jr.
9th سفير الولايات المتحدة إلى أفغانستان
في المنصب
March 21, 1959 – January 19, 1962
الرئيسDwight D. Eisenhower
John F. Kennedy
سبقهشلدون ميلز
خلـَفهJohn M. Steeves
United States Ambassador to South Africa
في المنصب
October 9, 1956 – January 24, 1959
الرئيسدوايت آيزنهاور
سبقهEdward T. Wailes
خلـَفهPhilip K. Crowe
سفير الولايات المتحدة إلى مصر
في المنصب
7 مارس 1955 – 10 سبتمبر 1956
الرئيسدوايت آيزنهاور
سبقهجفرسون كافري
خلـَفهريموند هير
ثاني مساعد وزير الخارجية لشئون الشرق الأدنى وجنوب آسيا وأفريقيا
في المنصب
April 14, 1952 – January 25, 1955
الرئيسهاري ترومان
دوايت آيزنهاور
سبقهGeorge C. McGhee
خلـَفهGeorge V. Allen
تفاصيل شخصية
وُلِدJuly 24, 1913
Maumee Township, Allen County, Indiana
توفيديسمبر 31, 1993(1993-12-31) (aged 80)
Potomac, Maryland
الخدمة العسكرية
الولاء الولايات المتحدة
الفرع/الخدمة الولايات المتحدة
سنوات الخدمة1937-1952
الرتبةBrigadier General
المعارك/الحروبWorld War II

Henry Alfred Byroade, (July 24, 1913 – December 31, 1993) was an American career diplomat. Over the course of his career, he served as the U.S. ambassador to Egypt (1955–1956), South Africa (1956–1959), Afghanistan (1959–1962), Burma (1963–1968), Philippines (1969–1973), and Pakistan (1973–1977).

Byroade graduated from West Point military academy in 1937 and began a career as an Army officer. His first post in army was on the Hawaiian Islands as a member of the Corps of Engineers from 1937 to 1939. The Corps sent him back in 1939 to engineering college. He got his master's degree in civil engineering from Cornell University in 1940, and was stationed at Langley Field, Virginia, helping to form the first aviation engineer regiment. In 1946, at the age of 32, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. In 1949 he was seconded to the U.S. Department of State, where he headed the Office of German Affairs. In 1952, he resigned from the Army and was appointed Assistant Secretary of State for Middle East, South Asia, and Africa—a post he held until 1955.

In 1954, he attracted criticism from both Israel and the Arab world for the US administration's policy declaration in which he told the Israelis, "You should drop the attitude of a conqueror and the conviction that force is the only policy that your neighbors will understand" and told the Arabs, "You should accept this state of Israel as an accomplished fact".[1] That same year, he referred to Israel's Zionist ideology and its free admission of Jews through the Law of Return as "a legitimate matter of concern both to the Arabs and to the Western countries".[2]

Byroade had been Ambassador to Egypt for more than a year when it was announced that he was being transferred. He was considered a friend of Arab causes but unable, during his Egyptian assignment, to prevent an arms deal between Czechoslovakia and Egypt, or to dissuade the Egyptian government of Gamal Abdel Nasser from expanding its campaigns against the West. Criticism of his effectiveness in Cairo in the Eisenhower Administration led to his reassignment to South Africa. Emanuel Neumann, chairman of the executive of the Zionist Organization of America urged that he be removed from Cairo, claiming he had been an apologist for the Egyptian government.

He retired from the Foreign Service in 1977, and died in Bethesda, Maryland on December 31, 1993, at the age of 80.

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المراجع

  1. ^ Pace, Eric (3 January 1994). "Henry Byroade, 80, Ambassador to Egypt and 5 Other Countries". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  2. ^ Adelman, Jonathan R. (26 March 2008). The rise of Israel: a history of a revolutionary state. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-92829-5. OCLC 213886735.


وصلات خارجية

مناصب حكومية
سبقه
George C. McGhee
Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern, South Asian, and African Affairs
April 14, 1952 – January 25, 1955
تبعه
George V. Allen
مناصب دبلوماسية
سبقه
جفرسون كافري
سفير الولايات المتحدة إلى مصر
1955-1956
تبعه
ريموند هير
سبقه
Edward T. Wailes
United States Ambassador to South Africa
1956-1959
تبعه
Philip K. Crowe
سبقه
Sheldon T. Mills
United States Ambassador to Afghanistan
1959-1962
تبعه
John M. Steeves
سبقه
John Scott Everton
United States Ambassador to Burma
1963–1968
تبعه
Arthur W. Hummel, Jr.
سبقه
G. Mennen Williams
United States Ambassador to the Philippines
1969-1973
تبعه
William H. Sullivan
سبقه
Joseph S. Farland
United States Ambassador to Pakistan
1973–1977
تبعه
Arthur W. Hummel, Jr.

قالب:US Ambassadors to the Philippines قالب:US Ambassadors to Pakistan قالب:Martial EDSA