جامعة ملبورن

University of Melbourne
Logo of the University of Melbourne.svg
لاتينية: Universitas Melburniensis[1][2][3]
الشعارPostera Crescam Laude (Latin)
الشعار بالعربية"May I grow in the esteem of future generations"
النوعPublic research university
تأسست1853; 171 years ago (1853
الوقفAU$1.335 billion
الرئيس المستشارAllan Myers AC
Vice-ChancellorDuncan Maskell[4]
الطاقم الأكاديمي4,631[5]
الطلبة52,475[5]
طلاب نحو البكالوريوس26,751[5]
دارسون بعد التخرج22,543[5]
عدد طلبة الدكتوراه3,451[5]
الموقعMelbourne، Victoria، Australia
37°47′47″S 144°57′41″E / 37.7963°S 144.9614°E / -37.7963; 144.9614Coordinates: 37°47′47″S 144°57′41″E / 37.7963°S 144.9614°E / -37.7963; 144.9614
الحرمUrban
(Parkville Campus)
36 hectares (0.4 km2)[6]
جالب الحظBarry the Bear
AffiliationsUniversitas 21, Go8, APRU, ACU, Washington University in St. Louis McDonnell International Scholars Academy[7]
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.unimelb.edu.au

The University of Melbourne is a public research university located in Melbourne, Australia. Founded in 1853, it is Australia's second oldest university and the oldest in Victoria.[8] Its main campus is located in Parkville, an inner suburb north of Melbourne's central business district, with several other campuses located across Victoria.

Incorporated in the 19th century by the colony of Victoria, the University of Melbourne is one of Australia's six sandstone universities and a member of the Group of Eight, Universitas 21, Washington University's McDonnell International Scholars Academy,[9] and the Association of Pacific Rim Universities. Since 1872, many residential colleges have become affiliated with the university, providing accommodation for students and faculty, and academic, sporting and cultural programs. There are ten colleges located on the main campus and in nearby suburbs.

The university comprises ten separate academic units and is associated with numerous institutes and research centres, including the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, the Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research and the Grattan Institute. The university has fifteen graduate schools, including the Melbourne Business School, the Melbourne Law School and the Melbourne Medical School.[10][11][12]

Times Higher Education ranked the University of Melbourne first in Australia and 34th globally in 2023,[13] while the Academic Ranking of World Universities places it 35th in the world.[14] In the QS World University Rankings 2022, the university ranks 8th for graduate employability and 2nd in Australia, behind the University of Sydney.[15] Four Australian prime ministers and five governors-general have graduated from the University of Melbourne. Eight Nobel Laureates have taught, studied and researched at the University of Melbourne, the most of any Australian university.[16]

The university's coat of arms is a blue shield on which a depiction of "Victory" in white colour holds her laurel wreath over the stars of the Southern Cross. The motto, Postera crescam laude ("Later I shall grow by praise" or, more freely, "We shall grow in the esteem of future generations"), is written on a scroll beneath the shield. The Latin is from a line in Horace's Odes: ego postera crescam laude recens.

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التاريخ

Old Quad, the original building of the University of Melbourne


أساسات الجامعة

The original University of Melbourne building, 1857, Victoria Illustrated collection, State Library Victoria.

The University of Melbourne was established following a proposal by Hugh Childers, the Auditor-General and Finance Minister, in his first Budget Speech on 4 November 1852, who set aside a sum of £10,000 for the establishment of a university.[17] The university was established by Act of Incorporation on 22 January 1853, with power to confer degrees in arts, medicine, laws and music. The act provided for an annual endowment of £9,000, while a special grant of £20,000 was made for buildings that year.[18] The foundation stone was laid on 3 July 1854, and on the same day the foundation stone for the State Library[19] Classes commenced in 1855 with three professors and sixteen students; of this body of students only four graduated. The original buildings were officially opened by the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony of Victoria, Sir Charles Hotham, on 3 October 1855.

A law school was established in 1857 at the Parkville campus, following which a Faculty of Engineering and School of Medicine were established in 1861 and 1862 respectively. The university's residential colleges were first opened on the northern aspect of the campus in 1872, divided between the four main Christian denominations.[20]

The first chancellor, Redmond Barry (later Sir Redmond), held the position until his death in 1880. The inauguration of the university was made possible by the wealth resulting from Victoria's gold rush. The institution was designed to be a "civilising influence" at a time of rapid settlement and commercial growth.[21] In 1881, the admission of women was a seen as victory over the more conservative ruling council.[22] Julia 'Bella' Guerin graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1883, and became the first woman to graduate from an Australian University.[20]

The view of the Melbourne Law School, Business and Economics, The Spot and Alan Gilbert Building.

1900s–1970s

Early in the 1900s, the university expanded its offerings to more utilitarian courses. In 1901 the number of students enrolled at the University of Melbourne exceeded 500 students for the first time. The university established the Diploma of Education in 1903, following negotiations with the Victorian Education Department.

Despite the economic depression of the 1890s and the discovery of a significant fraud by a university registrar in 1901, the university continued to expand during this period. This growth included the construction of several buildings between 1900 and 1906. Such growth was facilitated largely through an increased government funding allocation, and the coinciding university led funding campaign. To accompany the training dentists received by the Melbourne Dental Hospital, a School of Dentistry was established to teach the scientific basis of dentistry at the university. Agriculture was established in 1911 following the appointment of the State Director of Agriculture as the first professor. During this period the university became a notable site for research, emerging as a leader in Australia. Following World War II the demand for higher education increased rapidly, and as a result became a transformative period for the university.[23]

In 1940, the first issue of Historical Studies: Australia and New Zealand, now Australian Historical Studies, was published by the Department of History.[24]

1980s – 2000s: Consolidation and expansion

Main entrance (Gate 10) to Parkville Campus of the University of Melbourne from Grattan Street

Expansion of the university increased significantly during the 1980s and 1990s, as the university amalgamated with a number of tertiary colleges. In 1988 the Melbourne Teachers' College was brought into the Faculty of Education, and the amalgamation lead to the formation of a distinctly new Faculty of Education. The College of Advanced Education was incorporated into the university in 1989. During this period, more students than ever had before attended the university. The university had expanded its student population to beyond 35,000 students. Such amalgamations continued into the 1990s, with the Victorian College of the Arts affiliation with the University of Melbourne in 1992. This grew the number of campuses for the University of Melbourne, which would now include a new St Kilda Road location.

In 2001, the Melbourne School of Population Health was established, the first of its kind in Australia, and continued the growth of the university. Work at the centre involved contributions from many disciplines, ranging from the social sciences to epidemiology. Health fields such as Indigenous, women's, mental, sexual, and rural health have all been researched at the centre.

In 2008, Vice Chancellor Glyn Davis introduced a major restructure of the university's curriculum. The new structure, named the Melbourne Model, replaced traditional undergraduate specialist degrees with a two-degree undergraduate/graduate structure.[25] Over 100 undergraduate degrees were replaced with six generalist degrees, with students taking a general bachelor's degree before specialising in either a professional or research graduate course.[25] The introduction of the model, influenced by North American academia and the Bologna process, was controversial among students and staff.[26][27] Various groups, including trade[28] and student unions,[29] [30] [31] academics,[32] [33] and some students[34][35] criticised the introduction of the new structure, citing job and subject cuts, and a risk of "dumbing down" content. A group of students produced a satirical musical about the model's adoption.[36] A dean from Monash University rejected the model and argued it led to a reduction in student applications to the University of Melbourne.[37] The University of Western Australia is the only other Australian university to adopt the structure.[38] Davis also introduced reforms to university governance, making faculty deans more responsible for producing a financial surplus.[26]

2010s – present: Restructure and casualisation

Between 2013 and 2015 Davis introduced a wide-reaching restructure of the university's administration, labelled the Business Improvement Program, which led to the sacking of 500 administrative staff and some administrative responsibilities being transferred to academic staff.[39] At the same time in the ten years to 2018 the university embarked on a large capital works program, spending $2 billion on new buildings across the university's campuses.[39] The Melbourne School of Land and Environment was disestablished on 1 January 2015. Its agriculture and food systems department moved alongside veterinary science to form the Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, while other areas of study, including horticulture, forestry, geography and resource management, moved to the Faculty of Science in two new departments. In 2019, allegations of a toxic workplace culture within the Faculty of Arts were aired, with a number of senior staff leaving their positions.[40] At the same time, there was controversy over the high salaries earned by the Vice Chancellor, with Davis earning $1.5 million in 2019, the most of any university head in Australia.[41]

Like other Australian Universities, an extraordinary growth in international students took place at the University of Melbourne and meant the university became increasingly reliant on revenue from its overseas student cohort.[42][39]

In 2020, on-campus teaching was limited to selected clinical placements as a result of social distancing restrictions required by the Victorian State Government in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of teaching was moved to online delivery during the first semester.[43] Like many other institutions and workplaces, university faculty members elected to use Zoom Video Communications to conduct live tutorials online.

In 2020 the university announced it was axing 450 staff in the institution's largest ever layoff of academic staff, despite a planned expenditure of $4.2 billion for capital works over the decade from 2020.[44][45] Similarly, in semester two of 2021, the majority of teaching was once again moved to online delivery due to the outbreak of the Delta variant of COVID-19 and ensuing lockdowns in Victoria. In response the university announced further job losses, despite the university running an $8m surplus in 2020.[46] Eleven subjects were cut as part of the savings measures including a number of specialist scientific subjects, a move criticised by Nobel Laureate Peter Doherty and others.[47] The halting of international student arrivals as part of the Australian pandemic response was projected to cause a major loss in revenue for the university.[48][49]

Autumn at the university grounds

In 2019 and 2020 the University was also involved in wage theft and underpayment controversies towards its large teaching workforce of casual staff, and began repaying casual tutors for unpaid marking.[50][51] The university was accused of owing Faculty of Arts teaching staff an estimated $6 million.[50] In 2021 the Vice-Chancellor issued an apology for systematically underpaying staff, saying there was “a systemic failure of respect from this institution" towards casual staff that resulted in underpaying 1,000 staff members and requiring the university to pay back $9.5 million.[52][53] The university came under sustained criticism over the poor employment and financial conditions of its highly casualised academic workforce.[54] Over the 2010s the university increasingly casualised its workforce, with reports that between 47 and 72 per cent of its 11,000 employees were on casual contracts by 2020.[54][55]

In 2021 the State Government granted planning approval for a new campus for the university at the urban renewal precinct Fisherman's Bend.[56] The $2 billion campus, set to open in 2025, will focus on engineering and forms part of a large capital works program by the university, which includes the demolition of Union House and the construction of a new student precinct on the south-east corner of the Parkville campus.[57][58]

In June 2021, a new speech policy was implemented to protect and safeguard transgender individuals within the university.[59]


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Campuses

Old Arts Building (1919-1924) in Parkville Campus of University of Melbourne.

The university has three other campuses in metropolitan Melbourne at Burnley, Southbank, and Werribee. The Burnley campus is where horticultural courses are taught.[60] Performing arts, visual arts, film and television, and music courses are taught at the Southbank campus. Veterinary science is taught at the Werribee campus.

In regional Victoria, the Creswick and Dookie campuses are used for forestry and agriculture courses respectively.[61][62] They previously housed several hundred residential students, but are now largely used for short courses and research. The Shepparton campus is home to the Rural Health Academic Centre for the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences.

The university is a part-owner of the Melbourne Business School, based at Parkville campus, which ranked 46th in the 2012 Financial Times global rankings.[63]

Parkville

The Parkville campus is the primary campus of the university.[64] Originally established in a large area north of Grattan Street in Parkville, the campus has expanded well beyond its boundaries, with many of its newly acquired buildings located in the nearby suburb of Carlton.[65] The university is undertaking an "ambitious infrastructure program" to reshape campuses.[66] The campus was founded in 1853, and is located just north of Melbourne's central business district. Parkville campus has cafes, gyms, 12 libraries, specialty stores, a small supermarket, and a seasonal farmers market. The campus is located within a broader renowned knowledge precinct, which encompasses eight hospitals, and many other leading research institutes.[67]

Several of the earliest campus buildings, such as the Old Quadrangle and Baldwin Spencer buildings, feature period architecture. The old quad underwent extensive restoration in 2019 to return to original design, including a dedicated temporary exhibition space in the Treasury Gallery.[68] The new Wilson Hall replaced the original building which was destroyed by fire.[69][70][71]

Recipients of the University of Melbourne Award (see below) are acknowledged by bronze commemorative plaques along Professors Walk on this campus.[72]

The Parkville campus was used extensively to shoot interior and exterior scenes in the MIFF-funded The Death and Life of Otto Bloom starring Twilight actor Xavier Samuel and Golden Globe nominee Rachel Ward.[73]

The Union and Guild Theatres are located within the Union House on the Parkville campus.

Southbank

The Southbank campus is home to the Victorian College of the Arts and the Melbourne Conservatorium of Music, and is situated within Melbourne's creative arts precinct. Theatre and dance stages, film and television studios, visual arts studios, and concert halls are all located at the university's purpose-built creative arts home.

المقالة الرئيسية: Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, University of Melbourne

A$200 million major capital works project at the campus was completed in 2019. The project includes the construction of a new state-of-the-art conservatorium for music and the conversion of historically important buildings for use as education and research facilities.[74]

In 2011, the Victorian State Government allocated $24 million to support arts education at the VCA.[75][76] This was due in part to it coming together with the Conservatorium to form the then Faculty of the Victorian College of the Arts and the Melbourne Conservatorium of Music.

Burnley

المقالة الرئيسية: University of Melbourne, Burnley campus

The Burnley Campus is located within the suburb of Burnley in Melbourne, around 5 km east of the Melbourne CBD.[77] The campus is dedicated to both ornamental and environmental horticulture, and is surrounded by nine hectares of heritage-listed gardens.[67] The campus began operating as a learning precinct in horticultural education in 1891. At the campus, students are offered short courses, associate degrees, post-graduate studies, and research. Specifically, training for urban landscape management, landscape design and production, park management, turf management, nursery and cut flower production, and arboriculture are all specialisations of the campus.[77]

Creswick

The Creswick campus is located within the township of Creswick, 120 km north-west of Melbourne. It is situated on 15 hectares of land, in is also connected native and plantation forests. Accommodation is available at the campus to members of the University of Melbourne's student cohorts and teaching staff when engaged at Creswick.[78] Creswick campus has been offering forest science education since 1910, and is Australia's only dedicated forest ecosystem science campus, which focuses on forest industry, conservation, and molecular biology research.[67] Scientists based at the campus include hydrologists, soil scientists, plant geneticists, geomorphologists, fire scientists, ecologists, engineers, and mathematicians.[78]

Dookie

المقالة الرئيسية: University of Melbourne, Dookie campus

The Dookie campus has been the university's rural home to agriculture and agricultural teaching and learning since its inception in 1886.[67] It is based between Shepparton and Benalla, about 220 km north east of Melbourne. Dookie campus is situated on 2440 hectares of land that houses student and staff accommodation, an orchard, winery, merino sheep, robotic dairy, and a natural bush reserve. Agriculture students are able to access the city campus in addition to a semester at the Dookie campus. Subjects in agriculture, science, commerce, and environments are available at the campus.[79]

Shepparton

The Shepparton Medical Centre campus is located in Shepparton, nearly 200 km north of Melbourne. The campus is part of the Melbourne Medical School, and the Shepparton base is home to the Shepparton Rural Clinical School. It provides fully furnished, subsidized, self-catered student on site at the Clinical School.[80] The University of Melbourne Shepparton Medical Centre was the first purpose built teaching clinic in Australia, and services Shepparton and surrounds with comprehensive primary healthcare.[81]

Werribee

The Werribee campus is located about 30 km south west of the city, and is home to research and teaching for the Melbourne Veterinary School.[82] Recently the campus undertook an AU$63 million redevelopment to enhance facilities for pet treatment and the training of future veterinarians at the University of Melbourne. Victoria's only accredited veterinary course is based at The University of Melbourne, at both the Werribee and Parkville campuses.[82] Kendall Hall offers self-catered accommodation for 76 residents in single bedrooms with shared facilities at the University of Melbourne Werribee campus.[83]

المعسكرات السابقة

The university had a number of former campuses, including Glenormiston (now Glenormiston College), Longerenong (now Longerenong College), McMillan (based in Leongatha and Warragul) and the Werribee-based Gilbert Chandler Campus.[84][85]

التنظيم والإدارة

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الحوكمة

Governance of the university is grounded in an act of parliament, the University of Melbourne Act 2009.[86] The peak governing body is the "Council" the key responsibilities of which include appointing the vice-chancellor and principal, approving the strategic direction and annual budget, establishing operational policies and procedures and overseeing academic and commercial activities as well as risk management. The chair of the council is the "chancellor". The "academic board" oversees learning, teaching and research activities and provides advice to the council on these matters. The "committee of convocation" represents graduates and its members are elected in proportion to the number of graduates in each faculty.[87]

The University of Melbourne's operations are governed through a hierarchy of delegations framework. A 13-member council is the university's governing body. It establishes the university's council, determines its core functions, and allows the university to enact subordinate legislation through statutes and regulations. Under legislative elements associated with the council, university policies exist as a formal statement of principle to regulate university operations. Under university policies, university processes exist to support workplace agreements, policy, and relevant legislation by noting day-to-day operation tasks and activities to be performed by staff.[88]

The academic board is held responsible to the council for quality assurance in activities such as the maintenance of high standards in teaching, research and learning. The University of Melbourne Executive is the university's principal management committee. The university consists of academic and administrative structures. University leadership encompasses the chancellor, vice-chancellor and senior executives, who are responsible for the strategic vision of the university.[89]

الوقف

The University of Melbourne has an endowment of approximately $1.335 billion,[90] the largest of any Australian tertiary institution.

The university's endowments recovered after hardship following the 2008 Great Recession, which shrank its investments by 22%. This required restructuring of the university, including cutting 220 full-time positions.[91] A further round of cuts, driven by lingering concerns about finances and declining Federal contributions to the tertiary sector, took place under the 'Business Improvement Program' from 2014 to 2016 and resulted in the cutting of 500 jobs.[92]

Under former vice-chancellor Glyn Davis, the university publicly launched a fundraising campaign titled Believe in 2013. The campaign raised $500 million by 2016 and sought to raise a further $1 billion by 2021.[93]

الكليات والعمداء

The University of Melbourne is divided into 10 faculties, which encompass all major departments of both research and teaching.[94]

البروفيل الأكاديمي

القبول

The university has 11 academic units,[105] some of which incorporate a graduate school. The overall attrition and retention rates at the university are the lowest and highest respectively in Australia.[106] The university has one of the highest admission requirements in the country, with the median ATAR of its undergraduates being 94.05 (2009).[107] 50% of the Premier's VCE Top All-Round High Achievers enrolled at the University of Melbourne.[107]

For domestic applications, an Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) is generally required for bachelor's degrees. For undergraduate degrees in 2019, guaranteed entry scores into degrees were: Agriculture 70, Arts 85, Biomedicine 96, Commerce 94, Design 85, Science 85, Oral Health 85 (indicative only), Fine Arts and Music were not applicable.[108]

Domestic applicants who have a disadvantaged financial background, are from rural or isolated areas, are from underrepresented schools, experienced difficult circumstances, have a disability or medical condition, are from a non-English speaking background, identify as an Indigenous Australian, or are applying through a non-school leaver entry pathway may be eligible for the Access Melbourne program.[109] The program offered guaranteed entry in 2023 for students with ATARs of: Agriculture 72, Arts 88, Biomedicine 95, Commerce 93, Design 88, and Science 88.[110] Minimum International Baccalaureate Diploma scores for undergraduate guaranteed entry in 2019 were: Agriculture 25, Arts 31, Biomedicine 38, Commerce 36, design 31, Science 31, Oral Health 31 (indicative only), Fine arts and Music were not applicable.[108]

International students compose 44% of the university's student body.[111]

Teaching structure

المقالة الرئيسية: Melbourne Model

The University of Melbourne differs from other Australian universities in its course structure, as it offers nine generalised three-year degrees instead of more traditional specialised undergraduate degrees.[112] These degrees are:

  • Bachelor of Arts
  • Bachelor of Agriculture
  • Bachelor of Biomedicine
  • Bachelor of Commerce
  • Bachelor of Design
  • Bachelor of Fine Arts
  • Bachelor of Music
  • Bachelor of Oral Health
  • Bachelor of Science

The Bachelor of Design was a new addition that begun in 2017; this corresponded with the closure of the Bachelor of Environments (2008-2016), which was controversially axed in 2016 against the wishes of several participating Departments wishing to retain an environmental focus.[113] The change from the former curriculum, which offered many single and joint degrees, was described by the university as the "Melbourne Model", and was implemented under Vice-Chancellor Glyn Davis in 2008. The university also offers postgraduate courses (including professional-entry master's degrees) that follow undergraduate courses with greater specialization.[114]

As of 2007, Melbourne University aimed to offer 75% of graduate places as Commonwealth supported places (with the remaining 25% paying full fees).[115]

Several professional degrees are available only for graduate entry. These degrees are at a masters level according to the Australian Qualification Framework,[116] but are named "masters" or "doctorate" following the practice in North America. The university's faculties often have a corresponding graduate school to offer these degrees.

الترتيب

ترتيبات الجامعات
جامعة ملبورن
QS World[117]33
THE-WUR World[118]34
ARWU World[119]33
USNWR World[120]25
CWTS Leiden World[121]29
الترتيبات الأسترالية
QS National[117]2
THE-WUR National[122]1
ARWU National[123]1
USNWR National[124]1
CWTS Leiden National[121]1
ERA National[125]1
Ranking graphical summary of the University of Melbourne

Times Higher Education ranked Melbourne 33rd globally (1st nationally) in the 2021-2022 iteration of its annual World University Rankings.[126] In the QS World University Rankings 2023,[127] the University of Melbourne was ranked 33rd globally (2nd in Australia). In 2022, it ranked 33rd among the universities around the world by SCImago Institutions Rankings.[128] In the most recent CWTS Leiden Ranking, Melbourne was ranked 29th in the world (1st nationally).[129] The university was ranked 33rd globally (1st in Australia) in the 2021 publication of the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) league table.[130] According to QS World University Subject Rankings 2020,[131] the University of Melbourne is ranked 10th in law, 12th in education, 16th in accounting and finance, 17th in social policy and administration, 19th in sociology, 22nd in environmental studies and 23rd in linguistics.[132]

Although the University of Melbourne ranks highly in academic rankings, the university ranks poorly in student satisfaction ratings; in 2021, the University of Melbourne had the lowest student satisfaction out of all Australian universities, with an overall satisfaction rating of 63.1, which was lower than the national average of 73.[133]

أبحاث

Melbourne University claims that its research expenditure is second only to that of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO).[134] The university is a leading Australian research university, with the largest cohort of research students in Australia.[135]

The Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities is released by National Taiwan University (NTU Ranking), and placed the University of Melbourne as the 29th highest internationally and 1st domestically in 2018.[136] It evaluates the performance of scientific papers, and the indicators used are designed to compare both the quantity and quality of published scientific works by each university.[137]

Similarly, the Center for World University Rankings (CWUR) ranks universities on variables, including both research output and citations.[138] For 2018/19 it ranked the University of Melbourne at number 57 in the world, and number 1 within Australia.[139]

The university is connected to more than 100 research centres and institutes.[140] In 2010 the university spent $813 million on research.[141] In the same year the university had the highest numbers of federal government Australian Postgraduate Awards (APA) and International Postgraduate Research Scholarships (IPRS),[142] as well as the largest totals of Research Higher Degree (RHD) student load (3,222 students) and RHD completions (715).[143]

ريادة الأعمال

The university has an entrepreneurship arm, named the Melbourne Entrepreneurial Centre (MEC).[144] The university also has an accelerator program for start-ups, which has produced a number of small companies.[145][146] The university also has an entrepreneurial training centre called the Wade Institute of Entrepreneurship based at Ormond College, one of the university's residential colleges.[147]

المكتبات

Baillieu Library in Parkville Campus. January, 2014
Inside the Baillieu Library in January, 2014

The University of Melbourne's libraries have over three million visitors performing 42 million loan transactions every year.[148] The general collection comprises over 3.5 million items including books, DVDs, photographic slides, music scores and periodicals as well as rare maps, prints and other published materials.[148] The library also holds over 32,000 e-books, hundreds of databases and 63,000 general and specialist journals in digital form.[148]

العمارة والمباني ومكتبة التخطيط

The Architecture, Building and Planning Library is located on the ground floor of the Melbourne School of Design Building located on the Parkville campus. Its collection consists primarily of works related to the faculty, including works of individual architects and firms, building types and local history.[149]

Baillieu Library

The Baillieu Library is located on the west side of the Parkville campus and is the university's largest discipline library. It has five levels, including an accessible basement. Completed in 1959, it was Australia's first purpose-built university library.

The Baillieu Library's collections are central to teaching, learning  and research in the arts, humanities and social sciences, supporting the activities of undergraduates, postgraduates, academics and researchers. It is home to the University Library's Special Collections, which include rare books, rare music and the print collection. The reading room serves as the access point for special collections material, as well as for the University of Melbourne Archives and the Grainger Museum collection.[150]

Brownless Biomedical Library

The Brownless Biomedical Library is located within the Parkville campus behind the Medical Building, on the Grattan Street/Royal Parade perimeter of the campus. The library offers access to print and online collections including the Medical History Museum. Additionally, access to room and computer bookings, borrowing, printing, photocopying, scanning, and research consultations are all offered by the library.[151] Brownless Biomedical Library has a veterinary science collection in the areas of anatomy, physiology, microbiology, pharmacology, and animal health.[152]

Burnley Science Library

The Burnley Science Library is located at the Burnley campus and offers specialist resources for teachers and researchers, with collections on horticulture and the plants sciences. It services the students of horticulture, and staff and researchers from the School of Ecosystem and Forest Science.[153] A general books collection, laboratories for fundamental research collection, reference collection, reserve collection, periodicals collection, rare books collection, videos collection, and compactus containing theses are available at the library.[154] The services on offer at the library include: borrowing, membership, renewals, inter-library loans, inter-campus loans, CAVAL and national borrowing scheme, Reserve, BONUS+ borrowing scheme, disability services, reference appointments, reference inquiries, and student IT support.[155]

Dookie Library

The Dookie Library is located at the Dookie campus and offers a specialist collection tailored to the Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences.[156] Its collection includes books, periodicals and audio-visual collections. The collection covers areas of general agriculture; animal, plant and crop science; water resources; and wine and viticulture.[157] Services on offer at the Dookie Library are borrowing, membership, renewals, inter-library loans inter-campus loans, CAVAL and national borrowing scheme, Reserve, BONUS+ interstate borrowing scheme, exam papers, reference appointments, and reference enquiries.[158]

Eastern Resource Centre

The Eastern Resource Centre (ERC) is located on the east side of the Parkville campus, close to Grattan and Swanston streets. Its collection supports the needs of undergraduates, postgraduates, and researchers in both The Melbourne School of Engineering and the Faculty of Science.[159] Its collections encompass science and engineering, reference collections, East Asian collection, a map collection, high use collection, science engineering journal collections, and DVDs and other media.[160] The ERC includes a collection of resources for general agriculture; plant, animal and crop science, water resources; and wine and viticulture.[161] A full range of services are offered at the Eastern Resource Centre such as BONUS+ borrowing scheme, borrowing, CAVAL and National borrowing scheme membership, high use collection, inter-campus loans, inter-library loans, membership, photocopying and printing, project rooms, renewals, research consultations, student PCs, and disability services.[162]

Giblin Eunson Library

The Giblin Eunson library is located within the Faculty of Business and Economics Building at the university's Parkville campus. It is home to the faculty of Business and Economics as well as the Education faculty.[163] Broadly, the Giblin Eunson library offers project rooms, research consultations, eLearning studios, BONUS+ borrowing schemes, borrowing, CAVAL and national borrowing scheme membership, inter-campus loans, inter-library loans, renewals, high use collection, membership, printing and scanning, student IT support, and student PCs.[164] For Education students, the collection offers school level text books, picture books, junior fiction, children's literature award winners, kit collection, DVDs, videocassettes, CDs, CD-ROMs, pictures and posters, journals, references, and education theses.[165] Extensive research databases are accessible for Business and Economics students including academic journals, company databases, industry databases, country databases, and news databases.[166]

Law Library

Law journals in the Melbourne Law School Library

The Law Library is located on levels 3, 4 and 5 of the Melbourne Law School at the university's Parkville campus. It is home to the Melbourne Law School.[167] The mission of the Law Library is to support learning and teaching at the Melbourne Law School (MLS) and to support academic research.[168]

The library offers research tools that include authorised law reports, Australian Case Citator Comparison, deep linking information, keeping up to date in law, legal abbreviations, legal citation style guides, reference management, style guides for authors, and theses advice.[169] The catalogue of books at the library encompasses newl books, a rare book collection, past exams and readings online, and a digital repository.[168]

Science Creswick Library

The Science Creswick Library is located at the Creswick campus and offers a specialist collection for the School of Ecosystem and Forest Science.[170] The services on offer at the library include: borrowing, memberships, renewals, inter-library loans, inter-campus loans, CAVAL and national borrowing scheme, Reserve, BONUS+ borrowing scheme, reference appointments, and reference enquiries.[171] Its collections include monographs, periodical collection, and the Creswick special collection. Areas covered in the collection are forest and plantation hydrology, community forestry, fire ecology and management, forest industries and wood products, forests, climate change and greenhouse research, native forest ecology and restoration, tree developmental biology and forest biotechnology, tree plantations and health, and tree ecophysiology.[172]

Southbank Library

The Southbank Library supports the Faculty of Fine Arts and Music at the Southbank Campus. It is a new library, that reopened in February 2019 following the Melbourne Conservatorium of Music moving the majority of its programs to the campus in the same year.[173] Services offered at the Southbank Hub (the home of the Southbank Library) include academic skills, bookable spaces and computers, careers and employability, counselling and psychological services, course planning, creative art therapies, research consultations, scholarships, study overseas, study equity and disability support, student health checks, and student IT.[174] Services offered at the library specifically include reference inquiries, research consultations, borrowing and renewals, membership for alumni and members of the public, inter-library loans, inter-campus copy service, CAVAL and national borrowing scheme, high use collections, BONUS+ borrowing scheme, disability support services, and copying and scanning.[175]

Veterinary Science Library Werribee

The Veterinary Science Library Werribee is based at the university's Werribee campus, and supports teaching, learning and research activities of those within the faculty. Generally the library collects in the areas of surgery, pathology and parasitology.[176] Services offered at the library include borrowing, membership, renewals, inter-library loans, inter-campus loans, BONUS+ borrowing scheme, and printing and scanning.[177]

Museums

Grainger Museum

المقالة الرئيسية: Grainger Museum
The Grainger Museum on Royal Parade.

The Grainger Museum is located at the university's Parkville campus, and is the only purpose built autobiographical museum in Australia. It is home to a diverse collection of over 100,000 items including photographs, costumes, art, music scores and instruments. The items were collected by Percy Grainger and span his life and career.[178] Grainger was an eccentric and famous composer, arranger and pianist whose career played a prominent role in the revival of interest in British folk music in the early years of the 20th century.[179][180]

Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology

The Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology, located at the Parkville campus, is one of Australia's largest collections of both historical anatomical models and real human tissue specimens. It provides students at The University of Melbourne educational resources for the medical and related anatomical disciplines. The museum is not normally open to the public, though tours of the museum are available for medical students and health professionals.[181]

Henry Forman Atkinson Dental Museum

The Henry Forman Atkinson Dental Museum is located at the Melbourne Dental School on the Parkville campus. It is the oldest dental collection in Australia, with over 3500 objects, photographs, documents, and catalogues.[182]

Ian Potter Museum of Art

المقالة الرئيسية: Ian Potter Museum of Art
The Ian Potter Museum of Art in 2010.

The Ian Potter Museum of Art is located at the university's Parkville campus, and is the university's main art museum. Since being founded in 1972, the museum has hosted more than 500 exhibitions. The Potter's collection exceeds 16,000 objects, with works ranging from antiquity to contemporary art.[183]

Margaret Lawrence Gallery

The Margaret Lawrence Gallery is located at the university's Southbank campus in the heart of Melbourne's Arts Precinct. It provides a space for members of the Victorian College of the Arts community to showcase new work, playing an educational role for the institution. The gallery was opened in 2001 to link the Victorian College of the Arts with the University of Melbourne, and to the wider communities of Victorian and national arts. The space facilitates and encourages connections between professional artists, academics, students, and the wider public.[184]

Medical History Museum

The Medical History Museum is located within the Brownless Biomedical Library at the university's Parkville campus. Exhibitions and educational programs are offered by the museum.[185]

Noel Shaw Gallery

The Noel Shaw Gallery is located within the Baillieu Library at the university's Parkville campus. It opened in 2014, following a bequest by university alumna, Noel Shaw. Each year two exhibitions are presented in the Noel Shaw Gallery, which focus on the opportunities for curriculum engagement.[186]

Ed Muirhead Physics Museum

The Ed Muirhead Physics Museum is located at the university's Parkville campus in the School of Physics building. The museum is named in honour of Ed Muirhead, who was the Chairman of the School of Physics from 1980 to 1986, and initiated the museum during that time. The collection comprises items that are of historical and scientific interest, predominantly scientific apparatus constructed by former professors and staff for research purposes.[187]

Dax Centre

The Dax Centre is located at the university's Parkville campus in the Kenneth Myer Building. The centre is named after Eric Cunningham Dax, who pioneered the use of art to promote clinical insights and mental health improvements. Exhibitions and educational programs hosted by the centre seek to promote mental health. The Dax Centre consists of educational programs and a gallery space and also houses the Cunningham Dax Collection.[188]

Tiegs Museum

The Tiegs Museum is located at the university's Parkville campus in the BioSciences building. The museum hosts a collection of zoological specimens accumulated over 120 years, and is named after a former professor and faculty dean, Oscar Tiegs. Specimens included in the collection range from small invertebrates to the whole mounts and skeletons of vertebrates including an African Lion, and a moa (an extinct emu-like bird from New Zealand).[189]

Buxton Contemporary

Buxton Contemporary is an art museum located at the university's Southbank campus, in Melbourne's Arts precinct. The museum was opened in 2018 and comprises four public exhibition galleries, teaching facilities and an outdoor screen for moving image art. The museum was the result of a gift to the university by the art collector and property developer Michael Buxton.[190]

Science Gallery

Science Gallery Melbourne opened in 2021 at the university's Parkville campus.[191] The 3,500 square metre gallery is in the university's new Melbourne Connect building and presents exhibitions that seek to combine art and science.[192] The gallery forms part of the Global Science Gallery Network, based on the Science Gallery at Trinity College, Dublin.[192]

Herbarium

المقالة الرئيسية: University of Melbourne Herbarium

The University of Melbourne Herbarium is a teaching and research herbarium within the School of Biosciences.

Theatres

There are two theatres within Union House: the Union and Guild Theatres.

Student life

Residential colleges

الصفحة الرئيسية: Category:Residential colleges of the University of Melbourne

Melbourne University currently has 10 residential colleges in total, seven of which are located in an arc around the cricket oval at the northern edge of the campus, known as College Crescent. The other three are located outside of university grounds.

Most of the university's residential colleges also admit students from RMIT University and Monash University, Parkville campus, with selected colleges also accepting students from the Australian Catholic University and Victoria University.

Graduate House (1972-) is a residential college for graduates located in Parkville's graduate precinct, which began its affiliation with the university in 1972.[193] Whitley College (1965-2017) was a former college of the university, though it was sold to a redeveloper in 2016.[194] Ridley College (1965-2005) was an affiliated residential college of the University of Melbourne and was the first college of the university to be co-residential for men and women.[195]

University of Melbourne residential colleges
  • Trinity College

    Trinity College

  • Ormond College, University of Melbourne

    Ormond College

  • Janet Clarke Hall

    Janet Clarke Hall

  • St Mary's College

    St Mary's College

  • Queen's College

    Queen's College

  • Newman College

    Newman College

  • Medley Hall

    Medley Hall

Faculty clubs and societies

المقالة الرئيسية: University of Melbourne student organisations

Clubs and societies offered by the university range from cultural, course-related, political, language exchange, spiritual and community focuses.[196] There are currently over 200 clubs affiliated to the University of Melbourne Student Union, with the total membership exceeding 25,000.[197] There are currently more than 100 groups affiliated with the Graduate Student Association (GSA), with the total membership of the GSA exceeding 36,000 students.[198] Specific faculty-based clubs and societies are also offered at the university. Melbourne Arts Students Society (M-ASS) is the largest faculty club on campus, with over 2000 members the primary aim of the society is to facilitate a greater interaction amongst students in the Faculty of Arts.[199] Within the Faculty of Business and Economics, a range of faculty affiliated clubs and societies are offered including Commerce Students' Society, Banking on Women, and Actuarial Students' Society.[200] The Environments and Design faculty offer clubs and societies including Students of Landscape Architecture, Melbourne University Planning Student Society, and Built Industry Group.[201] A diverse range of clubs and societies are offered within the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences including Interprofessional Education and Health Students' Network, Melbourne Dental Students' Society, and University of Melbourne Medical Students' Society.[202] Within the Faculty of Science, a number of science related clubs and societies are offered including The Science Students' Society, Astronomical Society, and Big Data Analysis Club.[203] Melbourne Law School supports a number of student clubs and societies that provide services and activities including the Law Students Society, Global Law Students Association, and the Public Interest Law Network.[204]

Student unions and associations

المقالة الرئيسية: University of Melbourne Student Union

There are two student organisations within the University of Melbourne, the University of Melbourne Student Union, and the Graduate Student Association. The University of Melbourne Student Union, formerly known as the Student Union was founded in 1884. Originally, it was formed to promote common interests of students, to assist social interactions between members, and provide resources for pursuing public life.[205] The union's mission is to create a quality experience on campus by establishing a community for students, staff and visitors from a range of backgrounds and experiences.[206] The Graduate Student Association (GSA) is an independent association that automatically provides all enrolled graduate students at the university with support, representation, events, and training.[207] Some features of the GSA include welcoming students to the graduate school with orientation events, hosting an Annual Art Prize, and a formal Graduate Ball.[198]

التجمعات

The University of Melbourne has a range of communities available for all students.[196]

The Queer Department is responsible for the queer community on campus. Run by the student union, the department arranges events including lunches and collectives, as well as offering a coming out support group.[208]

The Disabilities Department includes an anxiety support group, mindfulness workshops, social nights, and free resources and advice.[209]

Murrup Barak is the Melbourne institute for Indigenous development. The purpose of the group is to assist Indigenous Australians who join the university community as either students or employees.[210] The group undertakes Indigenous Student Outreach work which provides advice about pathways, applying, enrolling and starting at the university.[211] Murrup Barak's Indigenous Success Team delivers a range of culturally safe[مطلوب توضيح] services and programs for Indigenous students. Such programs and services encompass a range of elements relating to student life such as starting university, community and cultural engagement, general wellbeing, financial assistance, housing services, global mobility, and academic goals and support.[212]

الرياضة

Ground of Melbourne University Cricket Club in Parkville

Sport at The University of Melbourne is overseen by Melbourne University Sport (MU Sport), which is a department of the university. The department provides the management of all sports, fitness and recreation facilities, programmes and activities of the university. MU Sport also manages the university's designated entry scheme for elite athletes.[213] Membership to the Melbourne University Sport Fitness Centre is open to University of Melbourne students, staff, alumni, and the greater community at large for those above the age of 17.[214]

The university has participated in various sports in its history and has 39 affiliated clubs. Sport is overseen by Melbourne University Sport. The Melbourne University Sports Union was the predecessor to the current Melbourne University Sports Association. Since its inception, the aim of the Union and now the association is to provide a collective voice for all affiliated sporting clubs on the university campus. In 2004, the Melbourne University Sports Association celebrated its centenary.

Melbourne University women's football player jostles for best position in a marking contest

Melbourne University Sport offers access to a range of sporting clubs: aikido, athletics, badminton, baseball, basketball, cheerleading, cricket, cycling, dancesport, dragon boat, fencing, men's football, women's football, futsal, gridiron, hockey, inline, karate, kendo, lacrosse, mountaineering, netball, quidditch, rowing, rugby union, skiing, snowboarding, soccer, softball, squash, surf riding, swimming, table tennis, taekwondo-rhee, taekwondo-wtf, taichi and wushu, tennis, touch football, underwater (SCUBA), ultimate frisbee, volleyball, water polo, waterski and wakeboard, and weightlifting and powerlifting.[215]

The Melbourne University Football Club was established in 1859 and is the world's second oldest Australian rules football club and the second oldest football club in Australia. It achieved prominence by being admitted to what is now the Australian Football League competition in 1908, and in 1914 becoming the first in the league's history to depart the competition, due to the club's strict stance on amateurism.[216] The Melbourne University Lacrosse Club (MULC) was established in 1883 and is the oldest continually operational lacrosse club in the world.[217] The Melbourne University Cycling Club (MUCyc) is associated with Cycling Australia and competes regularly at local and national races. In 2008 MUCyc won its seventh consecutive AUG championship (2002–2008).[218][219] The Melbourne University Tennis Club was one of the original five clubs established for the students and staff of the university, with various tennis competitions and social tennis events held on campus as early as 1882.[220]

The facilities that The University of Melbourne offers include a gym, fitness programs, group fitness classes, cardio theatre, strength zone, group cycling studio, MindBody studio, Cardio Box studio, two multipurpose stadiums, indoor heated 25m lap pool, personal training studio, group fitness room, squash courts, and change rooms.[221]

أشخاص

قائمة أكثر شمولاً، انظر List of University of Melbourne people.

نواب الرؤساء

The following have led the university as its vice-chancellor:[222]

حائزو نوبل

Many Nobel laureates have taught, studied and researched at the University of Melbourne. Graduates include:[223]

أبرز الخريجين

The University of Melbourne has produced many notable alumni, with graduates having been Governor-General of Australia, Governor of Victoria, Prime Minister of Australia, justices of the High, Federal, Family and Victorian Supreme courts, Premiers of Victoria and elected leaders of other states and territories, Nobel laureates, a First Lady of East Timor, ministers of foreign countries, Lord mayors, academics, architects, historians, poets, philosophers, politicians, scientists, physicists, authors, industry leaders, defence force personnel, corporate leaders, community leaders, as well as numerous artists. Frances Dorothy Gray became Australia's first female Bachelor of Dental Science graduate, when she graduated from the Australian College of Dentistry at the University of Melbourne in 1907.[224]

الجوائز

  • The University of Melbourne Award "recognises individuals who have made an outstanding and enduring contribution to the University and its scholarly community". Recipients of the award are acknowledged by bronze commemorative plaques along Professors Walk on the Parkville campus.[72]
  • The Patricia Grimshaw Awards for Mentor Excellence are awarded annually to staff at the University of Melbourne to recognise mentoring skills and behaviours.[225] The award was launched by the university in March 2008 to honour historian Patricia Grimshaw's "contribution as a mentor of postgraduate students and younger colleagues".[72]

معرض صور

  • Old Arts Building University of Melbourne 2018

    Clocktower at the Old Arts Building, viewed from South Lawn

  • 1888 Building University of Melbourne 2018

    1888 Building, home to the Graduate Student Association

  • Arts West colonnade, University of Melbourne 2018

    Arts West colonnade, 2018

  • Melbourne School of Design facade, University of Melbourne, 2016

    Melbourne School of Design, which incorporates the relocated facade of a Collins Street bank

  • Old Quad colonnade University of Melbourne 2018

    View down the colonnade on the Northern section of the Old Quad, the first building at the University of Melbourne

  • Melba Hall and Conservatorium of Music

    Melba Hall and Conservatorium of Music

  • Entrance to South Lawn car park, originally from the Colonial Bank of Australasia headquarters in Melbourne city centre

    Entrance to South Lawn car park, originally from the Colonial Bank of Australasia headquarters in Melbourne city centre

  • Ian Potter Museum of Art

    Ian Potter Museum of Art, Swanston St

  • Cussonia Court University of Melbourne 2018

    Cussonia Court

  • Southern colonnade Old Quad University of Melbourne 2018

    Southern colonnade, Old Quad

  • Botany Building, University of Melbourne

    Botany Building (1928). Parkville Campus of The University of Melbourne

  • Botany Building in Autumn, University of Melbourne

    University of Melbourne in Autumn

  • Gatekeeper's Cottage, University of Melbourne

    Gatekeeper's Cottage on Grattan Street

انظر أيضاً

المراجع

الهامش

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المصادر

الكتب
  • Macintyre, S. & Selleck, R.J.W. (2003). A short history of the University of Melbourne. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press. ISBN 0-522-85058-8.
  • Selleck, R.J.W. (2003). The Shop: The University of Melbourne, 1850–1939. Melbourne: University of Melbourne Press. 930pp
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  • Cain J II and J Hewitt. (2004). Off Course: From Public Place to Marketplace at Melbourne University. Melbourne: Scribe. review Archived 14 أبريل 2014 at the Wayback Machine
الصحف
  • McPhee, P. 2005. "From the Acting Vice-Chancellor." Uni News. The University of Melbourne. 03/10/05, p. 3.

External links

قالب:University of Melbourne

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