نفط خام مر

(تم التحويل من Sour crude oil)

النفط الخام المر Sour crude oil هو نفط خام يحتوي كمية عالية من شوائب الكبريت. ومن الشائع العثور على نفط خام يحتوي بعض الشوائب. وحين يتعدى مستوى إجمالي الكبريت في النفط 0.5% فإن ذلك النفط يُدعى "مـُرّ sour".[1]

The impurities need to be removed before this lower-quality crude can be refined into petrol, thereby increasing the cost of processing. This results in a higher-priced gasoline than that made from sweet crude oil.[1]

Current environmental regulations in the United States strictly limit the sulfur content in refined fuels such as diesel and gasoline.

The majority of the sulfur in crude oil occurs bonded to carbon atoms, with a small amount occurring as elemental sulfur in solution وكغاز كبريتيد الهيدروجين. Sour oil can be toxic and corrosive, especially when the oil contains higher levels of hydrogen sulfide,[2] which is a breathing hazard. At low concentrations the gas gives the oil the smell of rotting eggs. For safety reasons, sour crude oil needs to be stabilized by having hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) removed from it before being transported by oil tankers.[3]

Since sour crude is more common than sweet crude in the U.S. part of the خليج المكسيك، Platts has come out in March 2009 with a new sour crude benchmark (oil marker) called "Americas Crude Marker (ACM)".[4] خام دبي (and Oman Crude) both sour crude oils have been used as a benchmark (crude oil) oil marker للزيوت الخام من الشرق الأوسط لبعض الوقت.

المنتجون الرئيسيون للنفط الخام المر يضمون:

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انظر أيضاً


المراجع

  1. ^ أ ب ت "Heavy Sour Crude Oil, A Challenge For Refiners". Archived from the original on 2008-11-21. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "Petroleum Introduction". Retrieved 2006-05-08.
  3. ^ "Sweetening Up the Crude".
  4. ^ Americas Crude Marker (ACM)
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