جلاسجو

(تم التحويل من Glasgow)
Glasgow
Glesca or Glesga  (Scots)[1]
Glaschu  (Scottish Gaelic)
City and council area
River Clyde
Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum (geograph 6621208).jpg
Glasgow Cathedral
George Square
St Andrew's in the Square
OVO Hydro and SEC Auditorium
Finniston Crane and the Clyde Arc Bridge
From top, left to right: the financial district; Kelvingrove Museum; St Mungo's Cathedral; George Square; the St Andrew's in the Square; the Armadillo Auditorium, the Hydro Arena, Finnieston Crane and the Clyde Arc
درع Glasgow
Coat of arms
الكنية: 
"Glesca/Glesga", "The Dear Green Place", "Baile Mòr nan Gàidheal"[2]
الشعار: 
Let Glasgow Flourish
Lord, let Glasgow flourish by the preaching of the word
Glasgow is located in اسكتلندا
Glasgow
Glasgow
Location within Scotland
Glasgow is located in المملكة المتحدة
Glasgow
Glasgow
Location within the United Kingdom
Glasgow is located in أوروپا
Glasgow
Glasgow
Location within Europe
الإحداثيات: 55°51′40″N 04°15′00″W / 55.86111°N 4.25000°W / 55.86111; -4.25000Coordinates: 55°51′40″N 04°15′00″W / 55.86111°N 4.25000°W / 55.86111; -4.25000
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
CountryScotland
Council AreaGlasgow City
Lieutenancy AreaGlasgow
Subdivisions23 Wards
FoundedLate-6th century
Burgh Charter1170s[4]
الحكومة
 • Council LeaderSusan Aitken (SNP)
 • Lord ProvostJacqueline McLaren (SNP)
 • MSPs
المساحة
 • Council area68 ميل² (175 كم²)
 • الحضر
142٫3 ميل² (368٫5 كم²)
 • العمران
190 ميل² (492 كم²)
التعداد
 (2020)
 • Council area[3]
 • الترتيب1st in Scotland, 3rd in UK
 • الكثافة9٬210/sq mi (3٬555/km2)
 • Urban
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Tabular_data على السطر 97: attempt to index local 'data' (a boolean value). (Locality)[5]
قالب:Scottish settlement populations (Settlement)[5]
 • العمرانية
1٬861٬315[6]
 • Language(s)
English
Scots
Gaelic
صفة المواطنGlaswegian, Weegie (colloquial)
منطقة التوقيتUTC±0 (Greenwich Mean Time)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC+1 (British Summer Time)
Postcode areas
G
مفتاح الهاتف0141
OS grid referenceNS590655
International AirportsGlasgow Airport (GLA)
Glasgow Prestwick Airport (PIK)
Main Railway StationsGlasgow Central
Glasgow Queen Street
Rapid transitGlasgow Subway.svg Glasgow subway
الموقع الإلكترونيCity website

گلاسگو (إنگليزية: Glasgow)،(UK /ˈɡlɑːzɡoʊ,_ˈɡlæzʔ,_ˈɡlɑːsʔ,_ˈɡlæsʔ/ GLA(H)Z-goh, GLA(H)SS-؛ بالاسكتلندية: [Glesca] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) [ˈɡleskə] أو Glesga [ˈɡlezɡə]؛ بالغالية الاسكتلندية: [Glaschu] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) [ˈkl̪ˠas̪əxu])، هي is the most populous city in Scotland and the fourth-most populous city in the United Kingdom, as well as being the 27th largest city by population in Europe.[7] In 2020, it had an estimated population of 635,640. The city was made a county of itself in 1893, prior to which it had been in the historic county of Lanarkshire. The city now forms the Glasgow City Council area, one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and is governed by Glasgow City Council. It is situated on the River Clyde in the country's West Central Lowlands.

Glasgow has the largest economy in Scotland and the third-highest GDP per capita of any city in the UK.[8][9] Glasgow's major cultural institutions – the Burrell Collection, Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland, the Royal Scottish National Orchestra, Scottish Ballet and Scottish Opera – enjoy international reputations. The city was the European Capital of Culture in 1990 and is notable for its architecture, culture, media, music scene, sports clubs and transport connections. It is the fifth-most visited city in the United Kingdom.[10] The city hosted the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) at its main events venue, the SEC Centre. Glasgow hosted the 2014 Commonwealth Games and the first European Championships in 2018, and was one of the host cities for UEFA Euro 2020. The city is also well known in the sporting world for football, particularly for the Old Firm rivalry.

Glasgow grew from a small rural settlement on the River Clyde to become the largest seaport in Scotland, and tenth largest by tonnage in Britain. Expanding from the medieval bishopric and royal burgh, and the later establishment of the University of Glasgow in the 15th century, it became a major centre of the Scottish Enlightenment in the 18th century. From the 18th century onwards, the city also grew as one of Britain's main hubs of transatlantic trade with North America and the West Indies. With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, the population and economy of Glasgow and the surrounding region expanded rapidly to become one of the world's pre-eminent centres of chemicals, textiles and engineering; most notably in the shipbuilding and marine engineering industry, which produced many innovative and famous vessels. Glasgow was the "Second City of the British Empire" for much of the Victorian and Edwardian eras.[11][12][13][14]

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Glasgow's population grew rapidly, reaching a peak of 1,127,825 people in 1938.[15] The population was greatly reduced following comprehensive urban renewal projects in the 1960s which resulted in large-scale relocation of people to designated new towns, such as Cumbernauld, Livingston, East Kilbride and peripheral suburbs, followed by successive boundary changes. Over 985,200 people live in the Greater Glasgow contiguous urban area, while the wider Glasgow City Region is home to over 1,800,000 people, equating to around 33% of Scotland's population.[5] The city has one of the highest densities of any locality in Scotland at 4,023/km2.


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التاريخ

Recent years have seen a regeneration of the River Clyde's banks. Salmon and other marine life have now returned to the Clyde, which was heavily polluted for decades.
The coat of arms of the City of Glasgow as granted in 1866.




أعلام النبلاء

الأدارة

A view over Glasgow City Chambers



برلمان المملكه المتحدة من الدوائر

الجغرافيا

المناخ

Rain at Glasgow Necropolis.



التوزيع السكانى

الأقتصاد

HMS Daring was built in Glasgow and launched in 2006. Although diminished from its early 20th century heights, Glasgow remains the hub of the UK's Shipbuilding industry.



الهندسة المعمارية

The western façade of Templeton's Carpet Factory.
Charles Rennie Mackintosh's Glasgow School of Art.
Typical red sandstone Glasgow south side tenement (Shawlands).


المناطق والضواحي

مركز المدينة

Buchanan Street looking southward.



نهاية الغرب

The Tolbooth Steeple dominates Glasgow Cross.


Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum is Glasgow's premier museum and art gallery, housing one of Europe's great civic art collections.




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الثقافة

GoMA is the second most visited contemporary art gallery in the United Kingdom outside London.



الفنون

BBC Scotland's headquarters in Glasgow's Pacific Quay



الديانة

Glasgow Cathedral marks the site where St. Mungo built his church and established Glasgow



التعليم

الرياضة

كرة القدم

النقل

Glasgow Central station is the northern terminus of the West Coast Main Line


النقل العام

النقل البحرى

الطرق البرية

النقل الجوى

مدن شقيقة

Glasgow is twinned with various cities, including:[16]


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وصلات خارجية

مشاع المعرفة فيه ميديا متعلقة بموضوع [[commons: Category:Glasgow

| Glasgow

]].
  1. ^ "Dictionaries of the Scots Language:: SND :: glesca".
  2. ^ Cameron, Lucinda (6 April 2010). "Plan launched to increase Gaelic use in Glasgow". Daily Record. Archived from the original on 23 July 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  3. ^ "Population Estimates for UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, Mid-2019". Office for National Statistics. 6 May 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
  4. ^ (Between 1175–78, exact date unknown) Lambert, Tim. "A brief history of Glasgow". localhistories.org. Archived from the original on 12 May 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.
  5. ^ أ ب ت قالب:Scotland settlement population citation
  6. ^ "Population on 1 January by age groups and sex - functional urban areas". Eurostat. Archived from the original on 20 December 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2020.
  7. ^ "Largest European cities 2020". Statista. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  8. ^ "Glasgow remains biggest city economy". BBC News. 21 December 2017. Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  9. ^ MacDonnell, Hamish (3 March 2005). "Edinburgh UK's second most prosperous city". The Scotsman. UK. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  10. ^ "Top 20 Most Popular Cities in the UK for International Visitors". Archived from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  11. ^ "Victorian Glasgow". BBC History. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
  12. ^ "About Glasgow: The Second City of the Empire – the 19th century". Glasgow City Council. Archived from the original on 2 April 2007. Retrieved 9 July 2007.
  13. ^ Fraser, W, H. "Second City of The Empire: 1830s to 1914". University of Glasgow. Archived from the original on 5 January 2008. Retrieved 7 January 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ McIlvanney, W. "Glasgow – city of reality". Scotland – the official online gateway. Archived from the original on 4 December 2007. Retrieved 7 January 2008.
  15. ^ "Factsheet 4: Population" (PDF). Glasgow City Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 July 2007. Retrieved 9 July 2007.
  16. ^ Glasgow City Council - Twin cities of Glasgow
  17. ^ BBC News - Glasgow 'twinned' with Marseille
  18. ^ Bethlehem is city’s latest twinned town
  19. ^ - Glasgow 'twinned' with Lahore
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