شعب

الشعب مجموعة من الأفراد أو الأقوام يعيشون في إطار واحد من الثقافة و العادات ضمن مجتمع واحد و على أرض واحدة .

من الأمور المميزة لكل شعب هي طريقة تعاملهم و شكل العلاقات الاجتماعية التي تتكون في مجتمعات هذا الشعب إضافة إلى أسلوب العقد الاجتماعي بين أفراد الشعب .

أمور مثل الدين و معنى الحياة و أهمية العلم و الكثير من الأسئلة الفلسفية تدخل في صميم خصائص كل شعب .

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في السياسة

الحرية تقود الشعب بريشة أوجين ديلاكروا

تحكم مختلف الدول أو تزعم أنها تحكم بإسم الشعب. استخدمت كلٌ من الجمهورية الرومانية والامبراطورية الرومانية المصطلح اللاتيني Senatus Populusque Romanus، (مجلس شيوخ وشعب روما). This term was fixed abbreviated (SPQR) to Roman legionary standards, and even after the Roman Emperors achieved a state of total personal autarchy, they continued to wield their power in the name of the Senate and People of Rome.

A People's Republic is typically a Marxist or socialist one-party state that claims to govern on behalf of the people even if it in practice often turns out to be a dictatorship. Populism is another umbrella term for various political tendencies that claim to represent the people, usually with an implication that they serve the common people instead of the elite.

Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the حق تقرير المصير.^[1] Though the mere status as peoples and their right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples, does not provide for claiming independence and a sovereign state, since peoples also need territory and a central government to reach sovereignty in international politics.^[2]

في القانون

في القانون الجنائي، في بعض المناطق، تـُرفـَع الملاحقات الجنائية بإسم الشعب. فالعديد من الولايات الأمريكية، ومنها كاليفورنيا وإلينوي ونيويورك، يستخدمون هذا النمط.^[3]

انظر أيضا

الهامش

^ "Charter of the United Nations: Chapter I: Purposes and Principles". United Nations. Archived from the original on 8 مايو 2015. Retrieved 22 أبريل 2013.
^
See the following:
- Shaw, Malcolm Nathan (2003). International law. Cambridge University Press. p. 178. Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of States, 1 lays down the most widely accepted formulation of the criteria of statehood in international law. It notes that the state as an international person should possess the following qualifications: '(a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with other states'
- Jasentuliyana, Nandasiri, ed. (1995). Perspectives on international law. Kluwer Law International. p. 20. So far as States are concerned, the traditional definitions provided for in the Montevideo Convention remain generally accepted.
^ See, e.g., California v. Anderson 6 Cal. 3d 628; 493 P.2d 880; 100 Cal. Rptr. 152; 1972 Cal. LEXIS 154 (1972)

الكلمات الدالة:

الشعب

[1] "Charter of the United Nations: Chapter I: Purposes and Principles". United Nations. Archived from the original on 8 مايو 2015. Retrieved 22 أبريل 2013.

[2] See the following:
Shaw, Malcolm Nathan (2003). International law. Cambridge University Press. p. 178. Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of States, 1 lays down the most widely accepted formulation of the criteria of statehood in international law. It notes that the state as an international person should possess the following qualifications: '(a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with other states'

Jasentuliyana, Nandasiri, ed. (1995). Perspectives on international law. Kluwer Law International. p. 20. So far as States are concerned, the traditional definitions provided for in the Montevideo Convention remain generally accepted.

[3] Shaw, Malcolm Nathan (2003). International law. Cambridge University Press. p. 178. Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of States, 1 lays down the most widely accepted formulation of the criteria of statehood in international law. It notes that the state as an international person should possess the following qualifications: '(a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with other states'

[4] Jasentuliyana, Nandasiri, ed. (1995). Perspectives on international law. Kluwer Law International. p. 20. So far as States are concerned, the traditional definitions provided for in the Montevideo Convention remain generally accepted.

[3] See, e.g., California v. Anderson 6 Cal. 3d 628; 493 P.2d 880; 100 Cal. Rptr. 152; 1972 Cal. LEXIS 154 (1972)

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