المكتب المقدس

This article is about the Holy Office as part of the Roman Curia. For Holy Office as prayer, please see Liturgy of the Hours.

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The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF) (Congregatio pro Doctrina Fidei), previously known as the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition (wherefrom arose the names Roman Inquisition or Holy Inquisition popularly used in reference to the 16th century tribunals against witchcraft and heresy), and after 1904 called the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office, is the oldest of the nine congregations of the Roman Curia. Among the most active of the congregations, it oversees Catholic Church doctrine. Its offices are housed at the Palace of the Holy Office at the Vatican.

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 التاريخ

Galileo before the Holy Office, a 19th century painting by Joseph-Nicolas Robert-Fleury

 الدور

Congregatio pro Doctrina Fidei

في عام 1616، لمحاكم التفتيش يعلن أن النظرية الكوپرنيقية "كاذبة وخاطئة" ويحرِّم كتاب نيكولاس كوپرنيكوس، المعنون عن دورانات الدوائر السماوية De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium، الذي يروج فيه لفكرة مركزية الشمس.

 التنظيم

أعضاء (2009):

• Cardinal Prefect: Cardinal William Levada
• Secretary: His Excellency, Archbishop Luis Ladaria Ferrer, S.J.
• Undersecretary: Monsignor Damiano Marzotto Caotorta
• Promoter of Justice: Monsignor Charles J. Scicluna (his office, per the direction of Pope Benedict XVI that the Congregation handle such matters, is ultimately responsible for handling the resolution of complaints of sexual abuse of minors by church personnel)
• 25 members: Cardinals, Archbishops and Bishops
• 28 Consultors
• Staff of 33

 رؤساء المكتب المقدس

 كبار المحقين

• Gian Pietro Carafa 1542-1555 (elected as Pope Paul IV)
• Antonio Michele Ghisleri 1558-1566 (elected as Pope Pius V)
• Scipione Rebiba 1573-1577
• Giacomo Savelli 1577-1586
• Giulio Antonio Santori 1586-1602

 الأمناء

• Camillo Borghese 1602-1605 (elected as Pope Paul V)
• Pompeio Arrigoni 1605-1616
• Giovanni Garzia Millini 1616-1629
• Antonio Marcello Barberini 1629-1633 (Left office; died in 1646. Succeeded by his nephew)
• Francesco Barberini 1633-1679
• Cesare Facchinetti 1679-1683
• Alderano Cybo 1683-1700
• Galeazzo Marescotti 1700-1716
• Fabrizio Spada 1716-1717
• Nicolò Acciaioli 1717-1719
• Francesco del Giudice 1719-1725
• Fabrizio Paolucci 1725-1726
• Pietro Ottoboni 1726-1740
• Tommaso Ruffo 1740-1753
• Neri Maria Corsini 1753-1770
• Giovanni Francesco Stoppani 1770-1774
• Luigi Maria Torregiani 1775-1777
• Carlo Rezzonico 1777-1799
• Leonardo Antonelli 1800-1811
• Giulio Maria della Somaglia 1814-1830
• Bartolomeo Pacca 1830-1844
• Vincenzo Macchi 1844-1860
• Costantino Patrizi Naro 1860-1876
• Prospero Caterini 1876-1881
• Antonio Maria Panebianco 1882-1883
• Luigi Bilio, C.R.S.P. (1883–1884)
• Raffaele Monaco La Valletta (1884–1896)
• Lucido Parocchi (1896–1903)
• Serafino Vannutelli (1903–1908) (served until death in 1915 as Regent of Apostolic Penitentiary)
• Mariano Rampolla (1908–1913)
• Domenico Ferrata (January 3, 1914 - October 10, 1914)
• Rafael Merry del Val (October 14, 1914 - February 26, 1930)
• Donato Sbarretti (July 4, 1930-April 1, 1939)
• Francesco Marchetti-Selvaggiani (April 30, 1939-January 13, 1951)
• Giuseppe Pizzardo (February 16, 1951-October 12, 1959)
• Alfredo Ottaviani (November 7, 1959– December 7, 1965, when he was made Pro-Prefect)

 الموالي للحاكم

• Alfredo Ottaviani (December 7, 1965-January 6, 1968)

 الحكام

• Franjo Šeper (January 8, 1968 - November 25, 1981) (his retirement)
• Joseph Ratzinger (November 25, 1981 - April 2, 2005) (Pope John Paul II's death) - elected Pope Benedict XVI
• William Levada (May 13, 2005–Present)

 الأمناء الحديثين في المكتب المقدس

• Archbishop Pietro Parente (7 December 1965 to 1967)
• Archbishop Paul-Pierre Philippe, O.P. (29 June 1967 to 6 March 1973)
• Archbishop Jean Jérôme Hamer, O.P. (14 June 1973 to 8 April 1984)
• Archbishop Alberto Bovone (5 April 1984 to 13 June 1995)
• Archbishop Tarcisio Bertone, S.D.B. (13 June 1995 to 10 December 2002)
• Archbishop Angelo Amato, S.D.B. (19 December 2002 - 9 July 2008)
• Archbishop Luis Ladaria Ferrer, S.J (9 July 2008–present)

 انظر أيضا

• Index Librorum Prohibitorum
• Crimen sollicitationis
• Archive of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
• Jon Sobrino Spanish theologian disciplined by the Congregation in 2007
• Liberation theology

 وصلات خارجية

• Homepage on Holy See website
  • links to:
    • Doctrinal Documents
    • Disciplinary Documents
    • Documents on sacramental questions
    • The series of volumes "Documenti e Studi"