378

القرون: قرن 3rd · قرن 4 · قرن 5
العقود: ع340 ع350 ع360 ع370 ع380 ع390 ع400
السنوات: 375 376 377 378 379 380 381
ألفية: الألفية 1
قرون: القرن 3 – القرن 4 – القرن 5
عقود: عقد 340  عقد 350  عقد 360  – عقد 370 –  عقد 380  عقد 390  عقد 400
سنين: 375 376 377 – 378 – 379 380 381
معركة أدريانوپل (378)
378 حسب الموضوع
السياسة
زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة
تصنيفات المواليد والوفيات
المواليد – الوفيات
تصنيفات التأسيسات والانحلالات
تأسيسات – انحلالات
378 في التقاويم الأخرى
التقويم الگريگوري378
CCCLXXVIII
آب أوربه كونديتا1131
التقويم الأرمنيN/A
التقويم الآشوري5128
التقويم البهائي−1466 – −1465
التقويم البنغالي−215
التقويم الأمازيغي1328
سنة العهد الإنگليزيN/A
التقويم البوذي922
التقويم البورمي−260
التقويم البيزنطي5886–5887
التقويم الصيني丁丑年 (النار الثور)
3074 أو 3014
    — إلى —
戊寅年 (التراب النمر)
3075 أو 3015
التقويم القبطي94–95
التقويم الديسكوردي1544
التقويم الإثيوپي370–371
التقويم العبري4138–4139
التقاويم الهندوسية
 - ڤيكرام سامڤات434–435
 - شاكا سامڤات300–301
 - كالي يوگا3479–3480
تقويم الهولوسين10378
تقويم الإگبو−622 – −621
التقويم الإيراني244 ق.ر. – 243 ق.ر.
التقويم الهجري252 ق.هـ. – 251 ق.هـ.
التقويم اليابانيN/A
تقويم جوچىN/A
التقويم اليوليوسي378
CCCLXXVIII
التقويم الكوري2711
تقويم مينگوو1534 قبل جمهورية الصين
民前1534年
التقويم الشمسي التايلندي921
This box:


Year 378 (CCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Valens and Augustus (or, less frequently, year 1131 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 378 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

أحداث

حسب المكان

الإمبراطورية الرومانية

  • Spring – Emperor Valens returns to Constantinople and mobilises an army (40,000 men). He appoints Sebastianus, newly arrived from Italy, as magister militum to reorganize the Roman armies in Thrace.
  • February – The Lentienses (part of the Alemanni) cross the frozen Rhine and raid the countryside. They are driven back by Roman auxilia palatina (Celtae and Petulantes), who defend the western frontier.
  • May – Battle of Argentovaria: Emperor Gratian is forced to recall the army he has sent East. The Lentienses are defeated by Mallobaudes near Colmar (France). Gratian gains the title Alemannicus Maximus.
  • Gothic War: Valens sends Sebastian with a body of picked troops (2,000 men) to Thrace and renews the guerrilla war against the Goths. He chases down small groups of Gothic raiders around Adrianople.
  • Fritigern concentrates his army at Cabyle (Bulgaria). The Goths are mainly centred in the river valleys south of the Balkan Mountains, around the towns of Beroea, Cabyle and Dibaltum.
  • July – Frigeridus, Roman general, fortifies the Succi (Ihtiman) Pass to prevent the "barbarians" from breaking out to the north-west (Pannonia).
  • Gratian sets out from Lauriacum (Austria) with a body of light armed troops. His force is small enough to travel by boat down the Danube. He halts for four days at Sirmium (Serbia) suffering from fever.
  • August – Gratian continues down the Danube to the "Camp of Mars" (frontier fortress near modern Niš), where he loses several men in an ambush by a band of Alans.
  • Fritigern strikes south from Cabyle, following the Tundzha River towards Adrianople, and tries to get behind the supply lines to Constantinople.
  • Roman reconnaissance detects the Goths. Valens, already west of Adrianople, turns back and establishes a fortified camp outside the city.
  • The Goths, with their wagons and families vulnerable to attack, withdraw back to the north. Roman scouts fail to detect the Greuthungi cavalry foraging further up the Tundzha valley.
  • Fritigern sends a Christian priest to the Roman camp with an offer of terms and a letter for Valens. The peace overtures are rejected.
  • August 9 – Battle of Adrianople: Valens leads an elite Roman army to Thrace to confront revolts, but is defeated.[1]
  • The Goths attack Adrianople; they attempt to scale the city walls with ladders but are repelled by the defenders, who drop lumps of masonry.
  • The Goths, supported by the Huns, move on to Constantinople. Their progress is checked by the Saracens, recruited from Arab tribes who control the eastern fringes of the empire.
  • October – The Greuthungi, faced with food shortages, split off and move west into Pannonia. Followed by their families, they raid villages and farmland.

Mesoamerica

حسب الموضوع

Architecture

الدين


حسب المكان

الإمبراطورية الرومانية

  • Spring – Emperor Valens returns to Constantinople and mobilises an army (40,000 men). He appoints Sebastianus, newly arrived from Italy, as magister militum to reorganize the Roman armies in Thrace.
  • February – The Lentienses (part of the Alemanni) cross the frozen Rhine and raid the countryside. They are driven back by Roman auxilia palatina (Celtae and Petulantes), who defend the western frontier.
  • May – Battle of Argentovaria: Emperor Gratian is forced to recall the army he has sent East. The Lentienses are defeated by Mallobaudes near Colmar (France). Gratian gains the title Alemannicus Maximus.
  • Gothic War: Valens sends Sebastian with a body of picked troops (2,000 men) to Thrace and renews the guerrilla war against the Goths. He chases down small groups of Gothic raiders around Adrianople.
  • Fritigern concentrates his army at Cabyle (Bulgaria). The Goths are mainly centred in the river valleys south of the Balkan Mountains, around the towns of Beroea, Cabyle and Dibaltum.
  • July – Frigeridus, Roman general, fortifies the Succi (Ihtiman) Pass to prevent the "barbarians" from breaking out to the north-west (Pannonia).
  • Gratian sets out from Lauriacum (Austria) with a body of light armed troops. His force is small enough to travel by boat down the Danube. He halts for four days at Sirmium (Serbia) suffering from fever.
  • August – Gratian continues down the Danube to the "Camp of Mars" (frontier fortress near modern Niš), where he loses several men in an ambush by a band of Alans.
  • Fritigern strikes south from Cabyle, following the Tundzha River towards Adrianople, and tries to get behind the supply lines to Constantinople.
  • Roman reconnaissance detects the Goths. Valens, already west of Adrianople, turns back and establishes a fortified camp outside the city.
  • The Goths, with their wagons and families vulnerable to attack, withdraw back to the north. Roman scouts fail to detect the Greuthungi cavalry foraging further up the Tundzha valley.
  • Fritigern sends a Christian priest to the Roman camp with an offer of terms and a letter for Valens. The peace overtures are rejected.
  • August 9 – Battle of Adrianople: Valens leads an elite Roman army to Thrace to confront revolts, but is defeated.[2]
  • The Goths attack Adrianople; they attempt to scale the city walls with ladders but are repelled by the defenders, who drop lumps of masonry.
  • The Goths, supported by the Huns, move on to Constantinople. Their progress is checked by the Saracens, recruited from Arab tribes who control the eastern fringes of the empire.
  • October – The Greuthungi, faced with food shortages, split off and move west into Pannonia. Followed by their families, they raid villages and farmland.

Mesoamerica

حسب الموضوع

العمارة

الدين


مواليد

وفيات

المراجع

  1. ^ Lenski, Noel (1997). "Initium mali Romano imperio: Contemporary Reactions to the Battle of Adrianople". Transactions of the American Philological Association (1974-2014). 127: 129–168. doi:10.2307/284390. JSTOR 284390. Retrieved February 9, 2024.
  2. ^ Lenski, Noel (1997). "Initium mali Romano imperio: Contemporary Reactions to the Battle of Adrianople". Transactions of the American Philological Association (1974-2014). 127: 129–168. doi:10.2307/284390. JSTOR 284390. Retrieved February 9, 2024.
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