مرموط أولمپي

مرموط أولمپي
My Friend the Marmot (4241532773) flipped.jpg
التصنيف العلمي edit
أصنوفة غير معروفة (أصلحها): الحياة
مملكة: الحيوانية
Phylum: حبليات
Class: الثدييات
الجنس: مرموط
Subgenus:
Species:
M. olympus
Binomial name
Marmota olympus
(Merriam, 1898)
Distribution map
الانتشار
Synonyms[2]

Arctomys olympus Merriam, 1898

المرموط الأولمپي (Olympic marmot ؛ Marmota olympus) هو قارض في عائلة السنجاب، Sciuridae؛ ويتواجد في ولاية واشنطن الأمريكية، في الارتفاعات المتوسطة في شبه الجزيرة الأولمپية. أقرب الأقارب لهذا النوع هو hoary marmot and the Vancouver Island marmot. In 2009, it was declared the official endemic mammal of Washington.

This marmot is about the size of a domestic cat, typically weighing about 8 kg (18 lb) in summer. The species shows the greatest sexual dimorphism found in marmots, with adult males weighing on average 23% more than females. It can be identified by a wide head, small eyes and ears, stubby legs, and a long, bushy tail. Its sharp, rounded claws aid in digging burrows. The coat color changes with the season and with age, but an adult marmot's coat is brown all over with small whiter areas for most of the year.

The species has a diet consisting mainly of a variety of meadow flora, including dry grasses, which it also uses as bedding in burrows. It is preyed on by various terrestrial mammals and avian raptors, but its main predator today is the coyote. The Olympic marmot is rated a species of the least concern on the IUCN Red List. It is protected by law in the Olympic National Park, which contains most of its habitat.

The burrows of this marmot are made in colonies, which are found in various mountain locations and differ in size. A colony may contain as few as one marmot family or multiple families with up to 40 marmots. Olympic marmots are very sociable animals which often engage in play fighting and vocalize four different whistles to communicate. During hibernation beginning in September, they are in a deep sleep and do not eat, causing them to lose half their body mass. Adults emerge in May and their young in June. Female marmots reach sexual maturity at three years of age, and produce litters of 1–6 every other mating season.

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التصنيف العلمي

Clinton Hart Merriam, the first to describe the Olympic marmot


أنظر أيضاً

مراجع

  1. ^ "Marmota olympus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2016: e.T42459A22257452. 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42459A22257452.en. Retrieved 1 February 2017. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  2. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Edelman

قالب:أنواع المرموط

قالب:أنواع المرموطاوية

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