قائمة حكام كاليفورنيا
حاكم كاليفورنيا هو رأس السلطة التنفيذية في حكومة ولاية كاليفورنيا، whose responsibilities include making annual State of the State addresses to the California State Legislature, submitting the budget, and ensuring that state laws are enforced. The governor is also the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.
الحاكم الحالي هو گاڤن نوسم، التي تولى المنصب في 2019.
Thirty-nine people have served as governor, over 40 distinct terms; many have been influential nationwide in areas far-flung from politics. Leland Stanford founded Stanford University in 1891. Earl Warren, later Chief Justice of the United States, won an election with the nominations of the three major parties – the only person ever to run essentially unopposed for governor of California. Ronald Reagan, who was president of the Screen Actors Guild and later President of the United States, and Arnold Schwarzenegger both came to prominence through acting. Gray Davis, the 37th governor of California, was the second governor in American history to be recalled by voters. The shortest tenure was that of Milton Latham, who served only five days before being elected by the legislature to fill a vacant United States Senate seat. The longest tenure is that of Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr., who previously served as governor from 1975 to 1983 and again from 2011 to 2019. He is the son of former governor Edmund Gerald "Pat" Brown, Sr. who served from 1959 to 1967.
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الحكام
- For the governors prior to statehood, see the List of Governors of California before admission.
California was obtained by the United States in the Mexican Cession following the Mexican–American War. Unlike most other states, it was never organized as a territory, and was admitted as the 31st state on September 9, 1850.
No. | Governor | Term in office | Party | Election | Lt. Governor[ب] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Peter Hardeman Burnett | December 20, 1849[ت] – January 9, 1851 (resigned)[ث] |
Democratic | 1849 | John McDougal | |||
2 | John McDougal | January 9, 1851 – January 8, 1852 (not candidate for election) |
Democratic | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor |
David C. Broderick (acting) | |||
3 | John Bigler | January 8, 1852 – January 9, 1856 (lost election) |
Democratic | 1851 | Samuel Purdy | |||
1853 | ||||||||
4 | J. Neely Johnson | January 9, 1856 – January 8, 1858 (not candidate for election) |
American | 1855 | Robert M. Anderson | |||
5 | John B. Weller | January 8, 1858 – January 9, 1860 (not candidate for election) |
Democratic | 1857 | Joseph Walkup | |||
6 | Milton Latham | January 9, 1860 – January 14, 1860 (resigned)[ج] |
Democratic | 1859 | John G. Downey | |||
7 | John G. Downey | January 14, 1860 – January 10, 1862 (not candidate for election) |
Democratic | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor |
Isaac N. Quinn (acting) (term ended January 7, 1861) | |||
Pablo de la Guerra (acting) | ||||||||
8 | Leland Stanford | January 10, 1862 – December 10, 1863 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1861 | John F. Chellis | |||
9 | Frederick Low | December 10, 1863 – December 5, 1867 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1863[ح] | Tim N. Machin | |||
10 | Henry Huntly Haight | December 5, 1867 – December 8, 1871 (lost election) |
Democratic | 1867 | William Holden | |||
11 | Newton Booth | December 8, 1871 – February 27, 1875 (resigned)[خ] |
Republican | 1871 | Romualdo Pacheco | |||
12 | Romualdo Pacheco | February 27, 1875 – December 9, 1875 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor |
William Irwin (acting) | |||
13 | William Irwin | December 9, 1875 – January 8, 1880 (not candidate for election) |
Democratic | 1875 | James A. Johnson | |||
14 | George Clement Perkins | January 8, 1880 – January 10, 1883 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1879 | John Mansfield | |||
15 | George Stoneman | January 10, 1883 – January 8, 1887 (not candidate for election) |
Democratic | 1882 | John Daggett | |||
16 | Washington Bartlett | January 8, 1887 – September 12, 1887 (died in office) |
Democratic | 1886 | Robert Waterman[د] | |||
17 | Robert Waterman | September 12, 1887 – January 8, 1891 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor |
Stephen M. White[ذ] (acting) | |||
18 | Henry Markham | January 8, 1891 – January 11, 1895 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1890 | John B. Reddick | |||
19 | James Budd | January 11, 1895 – January 4, 1899 (not candidate for election) |
Democratic | 1894 | Spencer G. Millard[د] (died October 24, 1895) | |||
William T. Jeter | ||||||||
20 | Henry Gage | January 4, 1899 – January 7, 1903 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1898 | Jacob H. Neff | |||
21 | George Pardee | January 7, 1903 – January 9, 1907 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1902 | Alden Anderson | |||
22 | James Gillett | January 9, 1907 – January 3, 1911 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1906 | Warren R. Porter | |||
23 | Hiram Johnson | January 3, 1911 – March 15, 1917 (resigned)[ر] |
Republican | 1910 | Albert Joseph Wallace | |||
Progressive | 1914 | John M. Eshleman (died February 28, 1916) | ||||||
Vacant | ||||||||
William Stephens[د] (took office July 22, 1916) | ||||||||
24 | William Stephens | March 15, 1917 – January 8, 1923 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor |
Vacant | |||
1918 | C. C. Young | |||||||
25 | Friend Richardson | January 8, 1923 – January 4, 1927 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1922 | ||||
26 | C. C. Young | January 4, 1927 – January 6, 1931 (lost renomination)[ز] |
Republican | 1926 | Buron Fitts (resigned November 30, 1928) | |||
Vacant | ||||||||
Herschel L. Carnahan (appointed December 4, 1928) | ||||||||
27 | James Rolph | January 6, 1931 – June 2, 1934 (died in office) |
Republican | 1930 | Frank Merriam | |||
28 | Frank Merriam | June 2, 1934 – January 2, 1939 (lost election) |
Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor |
Vacant | |||
1934 | George J. Hatfield | |||||||
29 | Culbert Olson | January 2, 1939 – January 4, 1943 (lost election) |
Democratic | 1938 | Ellis E. Patterson | |||
30 | Earl Warren | January 4, 1943 – October 5, 1953 (resigned)[س] |
Republican[ش] | 1942 | Frederick F. Houser | |||
1946 | Goodwin Knight | |||||||
1950 | ||||||||
31 | Goodwin Knight | October 5, 1953 – January 5, 1959 (not candidate for election)[ص] |
Republican | Succeeded from Lieutenant Governor |
Harold J. Powers | |||
1954 | ||||||||
32 | Pat Brown | January 5, 1959 – January 2, 1967 (lost election) |
Democratic | 1958 | Glenn M. Anderson | |||
1962 | ||||||||
33 | Ronald Reagan | January 2, 1967 – January 6, 1975 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1966 | Robert Finch (resigned January 8, 1969) | |||
Edwin Reinecke (resigned October 2, 1974) | ||||||||
1970 | ||||||||
John L. Harmer | ||||||||
34 | Jerry Brown | January 6, 1975 – January 3, 1983 (not candidate for election) |
Democratic | 1974 | Mervyn M. Dymally | |||
1978 | Michael Curb[د] | |||||||
35 | George Deukmejian | January 3, 1983 – January 7, 1991 (not candidate for election) |
Republican | 1982 | Leo T. McCarthy[ذ] | |||
1986 | ||||||||
36 | Pete Wilson | January 7, 1991 – January 4, 1999 (term limited) |
Republican | 1990 | ||||
1994 | Gray Davis[ذ] | |||||||
37 | Gray Davis | January 4, 1999 – November 17, 2003 (recalled)[ض] |
Democratic | 1998 | Cruz Bustamante[ذ] | |||
2002 | ||||||||
38 | Arnold Schwarzenegger | November 17, 2003 – January 3, 2011 (term limited) |
Republican | 2003 (special)[ض] | ||||
2006 | John Garamendi[ذ] (resigned November 3, 2009) | |||||||
Mona Pasquil[ذ] (acting) | ||||||||
Abel Maldonado[د][ط] (appointed April 27, 2010) | ||||||||
39 | Jerry Brown | January 3, 2011 – January 7, 2019 (term limited) |
Democratic | 2010 | ||||
Gavin Newsom[ط] (took office January 10, 2011) | ||||||||
2014 | ||||||||
40 | Gavin Newsom | January 7, 2019 – present[ظ] |
Democratic | 2018 | Eleni Kounalakis |
التعاقب
انظر أيضاً
- List of Governors of California before admission
- قائمة حكام كاليفورنيا حسب العمر
- قرينات حكام كاليفورنيا
- List of California state legislatures
ملاحظات
- ^ Data is sourced from the National Governors Association, unless supplemental references are required.
- ^ Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
- ^ A civilian government was formed in late 1849 prior to official statehood, and operated as the state government for ten months before official statehood was granted.[1]
- ^ Burnett resigned, citing personal reasons; he was reportedly unhappy with the legislature, and wanted more time to manage his business.[2]
- ^ Latham resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.[3]
- ^ First term under an 1862 constitutional amendment, which lengthened terms to four years.[4]
- ^ Booth resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.[5]
- ^ أ ب ت ث ج Represented the Republican Party
- ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح Represented the Democratic Party
- ^ Johnson resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.[6]
- ^ Richardson lost the Republican nomination to James Rolph.[7]
- ^ Warren resigned to be Chief Justice of the United States.[8]
- ^ Warren ran as a Republican for his first and third terms. For his second term, he won the nomination of the Republican, Democratic, and Progressive parties.[9]
- ^ Knight instead unsuccessfully ran for United States Senate.[10]
- ^ أ ب Davis was recalled and Schwarzenegger elected to replace him in a special election.[11]
- ^ أ ب Newsom delayed his swearing in as lieutenant governor until January 10, 2011, to remain mayor of San Francisco; Maldonado stayed on as lieutenant governor until then.[12]
- ^ Newsom's first term expires on January 2, 2023.
المراجع
- العامة
- "Governors of California". California State Library. Official Site of the State of California. Archived from the original on December 20, 2008. Retrieved July 18, 2007.
- "Former California Governors". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- Sobel, Robert (1978). Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789-1978, Vol. I. Meckler Books. ISBN 9780930466015. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- "Chronology of California's Lieutenant Governors". Office of the Lieutenant Governor. Retrieved August 10, 2007.
- الدساتير
- "Constitution of the State of California". Legislative Counsel of California. 1879. Retrieved July 20, 2008.
- "Constitution of the State of California". California Secretary of State. 1849. Archived from the original on January 28, 2010. Retrieved February 27, 2010.
- محددة
- ^ "Peter Hardeman Burnett". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- ^ Durham, Walter T. (1997). Volunteer Forty-niners: Tennesseans and the California Gold Rush. Vanderbilt University Press. p. 193. ISBN 0-8265-1298-4. Retrieved August 4, 2010.
- ^ "Milton Slocum Latham". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>
غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةconst-amend1862
- ^ "Newton Booth". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- ^ "Hiram Warren Johnson". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- ^ "Rolph Victor in California Race". Nashville Banner. Nashville, Tennessee. August 28, 1930. p. 13. Retrieved February 14, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Earl Warren". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- ^ "Biography of Earl Warren". Earl Warren College. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
- ^ "Goodwin Jess Knight". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
- ^ "Statewide Special Election". California Secretary of State. Archived from the original on October 12, 2008. Retrieved October 15, 2008.
- ^ Upton Oot, John (January 7, 2011). "Newsom's Dual Role Raises Legal Quandary". The Bay Citizen. Archived from the original on April 19, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2015.