ساچم
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تمثال دانيال نيمهام، ساتشم واپنگر.
ساچم sachem أو ساگامورى sagamore، هو كبير زعماء الألگونكوين أو القبائل الأمريكية الشمالية الشرقية الأخرى.[1][2][3][4]
عام 1621 بناء على اقتراح العبد السابق سكوانتو، قام حجاج مستعمرة پليموث بزيارة قبيلة ماساسويت ووقعوا مع الزعيم ساچم من وامپانواگ اتفاقية سلام لدعمهم ضد قبيلة ناراگانست القوية.
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أصل الكلمة
الكلمات المشابهة
| العائلة | اللغة | الكلمة | الملاحظات |
|---|---|---|---|
| ألگونكوين الشرقية | Proto-Eastern Algonquian | *sākimāw | Reconstructed original |
| Lenape | sakima | derived from earlier form sakimaw[5] | |
| Narragansett | sâchim | anglicized as sachem[6] | |
| Eastern Abnaki | sakəma | anglicized as sagamore[6] | |
| Malecite-Passamaquoddy | sakom | [7] | |
| Western Abnaki | sôgmô | [8] | |
| ألگونكوين الوسطى | Proto-Central Algonquian | *hākimāw | Reconstructed original |
| Anishinaabe | ogimaa | [9] | |
| ألگونكوين | ogimà | [10] | |
| Ottawa | gimaa | [11] | |
| Potawatomi | wgema | anglicised as Ogema | |
| Northern East Cree | uchimaa | [12] | |
| Southern East Cree | uchimaa | [13] | |
| Naskapi | iiyuuchimaaw | [14] |
الزعماء
في الثقافة العامة
- James Fenimore Cooper featured a character called "The Sagamore" in his novel The Last of the Mohicans.
- Pentucket Regional High School in West Newbury, MA refers to all of its athletic teams as the "Sachems".
- Algonquin Regional High School in Northborough, MA. named its art and poetry magazine "Sachem" after this Algonquin word.
- Middleborough High School in Middleboro, MA refers to all of its athletic teams as the "Sachems".
- Theodore Roosevelt named his home near Oyster Bay, New York on Long Island, Sagamore Hill.
- "Sachem" was a title adopted by leaders of the Tammany societies, notably in Tammany Hall in New York City. The eponymous Tammany was a sachem of the Lenape.
- In the 1940s, the legislature of Indiana created the honorary title of "Sagamore of the Wabash", analogous to Kentucky Colonel. In 1996, the government designated "Sachem of the Wabash" as a higher honor.[15]
- One of the oldest weekly newspapers in Canada is called "The Grand River Sachem". It has been publishing since 1856 and is located in Caledonia, ON.
المصادر
- ^ "sachem". [[American Heritage Dictionary]] (4th ed.). Houghton Mifflin. 2000.
{{cite book}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ "sagamore". [[American Heritage Dictionary]] (4th ed.). Houghton Mifflin. 2000.
{{cite book}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ "sachem". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ "sagamore". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
- ^ "sakima". Lenape Talking Dictionary. Retrieved 2011-02-19.
- ^ أ ب Goddard, Ives (1978). "Eastern Algonquian languages", in "Northeast", ed. Bruce G. Trigger. Vol. 15 of Handbook of North American Indians, ed. William C. Sturtevant. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, pg. 75
- ^ Francis, David A., Sr. et al. Maliseet - Passamaquoddy Dictionary. Mi'kmaq - Maliseet Institute
- ^ Laurent, Joseph (1884) New familiar Abenakis and English dialogues the first ever published on the grammatical system
- ^ Nichols, John, and Earl Nyholm. (1995). A Concise Dictionary of Minnesota Ojibwe. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press
- ^ Mcgregor, Ernest. (1994). Algonquin Lexicon. Maniwaki, QC: Kitigan Zibi Education Council.
- ^ Rhodes, Richard A. (1985). Eastern Ojibwa-Chippewa-Ottawa Dictionary. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
- ^ Bobbish-Salt, Luci et al. (2004–06). Northern EastCree Dictionary. Cree School Board.
- ^ Neeposh, Ella et al. (2004–07). Southern EastCree Dictionary. Cree School Board.
- ^ MacKenzie, Marguerite and Bill Jancewicz. (1994). Naskapi lexicon. Kawawachikamach, Quebec: Naskapi Development Corp.
- ^ Governor's press release announcing creation of the Sachem
وصلات خارجية
الكلمات الدالة: