حرب الاستقلال الناميبية

حرب الاستقلال الناميبية
	جزء من الحرب الباردة وحرب الحدود الجنوب أفريقية
	; Geopolitical situation, 1978. States friendly to the nationalist guerrillas are denoted in red, and Namibia itself presented in a maturing pink.
التاريخ	26 August 1966 – 21 March 1990; (23 سنة, 6 شهر, 3 أسبوع و 2 يوم)
الموقع	جنوب غرب أفريقيا (ناميبيا)
النتيجة	انسحاب South African Defence Force; اجراء انتخابات تحت universal franchise; حكومة سواپو تتولى السلطة في ويندهوك;
التغيرات; الإقليمية	جنوب غرب أفريقيا يحصل على الاستقلال عن جنوب أفريقيا كجمهورية ناميبيا.
المتحاربون
قوات مناهضة للشيوعية: ; جنوب أفريقيا ; جنوب غرب أفريقيا مدعومة من:; يونيتا	قوات وطنية أفريقية : PLAN (سواپو); سوانو; الدعم القتالي كوبا ; MPLA ; الدعم بالعتاد الاتحاد السوڤيتي ; الصين ; يوغوسلاڤيا ; بلغاريا ; تنزانيا ; زامبيا ; ليبيا ; كنيا ; الجزائر ; گويانا ;
القادة والزعماء
Gerrit Viljoen ; Willie van Niekerk ; لويس پينار ; BJ Vorster ; Pieter Willem Botha ; Cornelius Njoba ; Peter Kalangula ; جوناس ساڤمبي	سام نوجوما ; Andimba Toivo ya Toivo ; Dimo Hamaambo ; Julius Shaambeni Shilongo Mnyika ; Peter Mweshihange; سولومون هوالا
القوى
~71,000 (1989); South Africa:; 30,743 قوات SADF troops ; 10,000 غير نظاميين; جنوب غرب أفريقيا:; 22,000 من قوات SWATF; 8,300 شرطة SWAPOL	1989:; 32,000 guerrillas
الضحايا والخسائر
2,038 – 2,500	11,335

حرب الاستقلال الناميبية, which lasted from 1966 to 1990 and gained independence for the country, was a guerrilla war which the nationalist South-West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) and others fought against the apartheid government of South Africa. It had occupied and controlled the territory since 1915, during World War I. This independence movement was closely intertwined مع حرب الحدود الجنوب أفريقية.

South Africa had administered what was then still known as South West Africa since it captured the German territory in 1915 during الحرب العالمية الأولى. وقد حصلت على انتداب عصبة الأمم في 1920 (عبر المملكة المتحدة) لادارة الإقليم.

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انظر ايضاً

الهامش

^ ^أ ^ب Fryxell, Cole. To Be Born a Nation. p. 13.
^ Cuba Annual Report: 1986, 1986. Page 538-539.
^ Land Mines in Angola, 1993. Page 6.
^ The Soviet Union and Revolutionary Warfare: Principles, Practices, and Regional Comparisons, 1988. Page 140-147
^ Namibia: The Road to Self-government, 1979. Page 41.
^ The Foreign Policy of Yugoslavia, 1973–1980, 1980. Page 125
^ Yugoslavia in the 1980s, 1985. Page 265.
^ Interparliamentary Union Conference, Sofia, Bulgaria: Report of the United States Delegation to the 64th Conference of the Interparliamentary Union, Held at Sofia, Bulgaria, 21–30 September 1977. Page 42
^ Record of Proceedings -International Labour Conference 6, 1982. Page 4.
^ Tanzania: A Political Economy, 2013. Page 355.
^ SWAPO and the Struggle for National Self-determination in Namibia, 1980. Page 33.
^ "Rhodesian Insurgency – Part 2". Rhodesia.nl. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
^ Imagery and Ideology in U.S. Policy Toward Libya 1969–1982, 1988. Page 70.
^ SWAPO Information Bulletin," 1983. Page 37.
^ AAPSO Presidium Committee on Africa held in Algeria, 17–18 February 1985, 1985. Page 26.
^ David A. Granger. "Forbes Burnham and the Liberation of Southern Africa" (PDF). Retrieved 1 August 2015.
^ Tsokodayi, Cleophas Johannes. Namibia's Independence Struggle: The Role of the United Nations. pp. 1–305.
^ "World Bank discussion paper no. 331: Africa technical department series : Case". Greenstone. 1996. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
^ "SA Roll of Honour: List of Wars". Justdone.co.za. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
^ Reginald Herbold Green. "Namibia : The road to Namibia – Britannica Online Encyclopedia". Britannica.com. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
^ "Military Chronicle of South-West Africa". Rhodesia.nl. Retrieved 15 January 2013.

وصلات خارجية

الكلمات الدالة:

[swapo-1] أ ^ب Fryxell, Cole. To Be Born a Nation. p. 13.

[2] Cuba Annual Report: 1986, 1986. Page 538-539.

[3] Land Mines in Angola, 1993. Page 6.

[4] The Soviet Union and Revolutionary Warfare: Principles, Practices, and Regional Comparisons, 1988. Page 140-147

[5] Namibia: The Road to Self-government, 1979. Page 41.

[6] The Foreign Policy of Yugoslavia, 1973–1980, 1980. Page 125

[7] Yugoslavia in the 1980s, 1985. Page 265.

[8] Interparliamentary Union Conference, Sofia, Bulgaria: Report of the United States Delegation to the 64th Conference of the Interparliamentary Union, Held at Sofia, Bulgaria, 21–30 September 1977. Page 42

[9] Record of Proceedings -International Labour Conference 6, 1982. Page 4.

[10] Tanzania: A Political Economy, 2013. Page 355.

[11] SWAPO and the Struggle for National Self-determination in Namibia, 1980. Page 33.

[12] "Rhodesian Insurgency – Part 2". Rhodesia.nl. Retrieved 15 January 2013.

[13] Imagery and Ideology in U.S. Policy Toward Libya 1969–1982, 1988. Page 70.

[14] SWAPO Information Bulletin," 1983. Page 37.

[15] AAPSO Presidium Committee on Africa held in Algeria, 17–18 February 1985, 1985. Page 26.

[16] David A. Granger. "Forbes Burnham and the Liberation of Southern Africa" (PDF). Retrieved 1 August 2015.

[unrole-17] Tsokodayi, Cleophas Johannes. Namibia's Independence Struggle: The Role of the United Nations. pp. 1–305.

[Greenstone-18] "World Bank discussion paper no. 331: Africa technical department series : Case". Greenstone. 1996. Retrieved 9 August 2013.

[19] "SA Roll of Honour: List of Wars". Justdone.co.za. Retrieved 15 January 2013.

[20] Reginald Herbold Green. "Namibia : The road to Namibia – Britannica Online Encyclopedia". Britannica.com. Retrieved 15 January 2013.

[21] "Military Chronicle of South-West Africa". Rhodesia.nl. Retrieved 15 January 2013.

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وبينار	مصادر	صور	الأخبار	فيديو