709
| القرون: | قرن 7 · قرن 8 · قرن 9 |
| العقود: | ع670 ع680 ع690 ع700 ع710 ع720 ع730 |
| السنوات: | 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 |
| ألفية: | الألفية 1 |
|---|---|
| قرون: | القرن 7 – القرن 8 – القرن 9 |
| عقود: | عقد 670 عقد 680 عقد 690 – عقد 700 – عقد 710 عقد 720 عقد 730 |
| سنين: | 706 707 708 – 709 – 710 711 712 |
| 709 حسب الموضوع | |
| السياسة | |
| زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة | |
| تصنيفات المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفات التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| تأسيسات – انحلالات | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 709 DCCIX |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 1462 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 158 ԹՎ ՃԾԸ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 5459 |
| التقويم البهائي | −1135 – −1134 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 116 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 1659 |
| سنة العهد الإنگليزي | N/A |
| التقويم البوذي | 1253 |
| التقويم البورمي | 71 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 6217–6218 |
| التقويم الصيني | 戊申年 (التراب القرد) 3405 أو 3345 — إلى — 己酉年 (التراب الديك) 3406 أو 3346 |
| التقويم القبطي | 425–426 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 1875 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 701–702 |
| التقويم العبري | 4469–4470 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 765–766 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 631–632 |
| - كالي يوگا | 3810–3811 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 10709 |
| تقويم الإگبو | −291 – −290 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 87–88 |
| التقويم الهجري | 90–91 |
| التقويم الياباني | Wadō 2 (和銅２年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | 709 DCCIX |
| التقويم الكوري | 3042 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 1203 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前1203年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 1252 |
Year 709 (DCCIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 709 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
أحداث
حسب المكان
الدولة الأموية
- End of the Arab conquest in North Africa [ 1 ] . The Christian prince Julian , governor of Ceuta ( Septem ), surrenders the city to the Arabs. He travels to Ifriqiya to meet the Umayyad governor of Kairouan, Musa ibn Nusair , and offers to collaborate in the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. In October or November, he leads a successful plundering raid في خليج الجزيرة الخضراء.
- The Umayyad governor of Khorasan , Qutayba ben Muslim, reduced the Buddhist kingdom of Bukhara to vassalage . The ruler of Samarkand was forced to pay him tribute and hand over hostages [ 3 ] .
- Arab–Byzantine War: An Umayyad army under Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik raids Isauria (modern Turkey). He is appointed military governor of Armenia and Azerbaijan, succeeding his uncle Muhammad ibn Marwan.[1]
- After two years of failed efforts, Qutayba ibn Muslim captures Bukhara (Uzbekistan) for the Umayyad Caliphate. The Hephthalite princes of Tokharistan rebel against the Arabs, but are swiftly subdued by Qutayba.
الإمبراطورية البيزنطية
- June – Emperor Justinian II sends a punitive expedition to Italy under the patrikios Theodore, to intervene in the dispute between Pope Constantine I and Archbishop Felix of Ravenna, who claims to be independent of the pope's authority. Theodore captures Ravenna, and arrests Felix and other Italian leaders. He deports them to Constantinople, from whence they are exiled to Cherson (Crimea).[2][3]
بريطانيا
- Ceolred becomes king of Mercia, after his cousin Coenred abdicates the throne. Dynastic rivalries lead to the banishment of his second cousin, prince Æthelbald, who flees to the East Anglian controlled Crowland Fens.
- Kings Swæfred and Sigeheard of Essex share power with Offa. He abdicates the throne in order to become a monk in Rome, along with Coenred. Saelred rules jointly with Swæfberht the sub-kingdom of Middlesex.
حسب الموضوع
العمارة
- Mont Saint-Michel, built by Aubert, bishop of Avranches, has its beginnings in an oratory on Mont Tombe, on the coast of Normandy (approximate date).
التغير البيئي
- A storm separates the Channel Islands of Jethou and Herm.
مواليد
- November 18 – Kōnin, emperor of Japan (d. 782)
- Du Hongjian, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 769)
- Liu Zhangqing, Chinese poet (d. 785)
- Mazu Daoyi, Chinese Zen Buddhist monk (d. 788)
- Yan Zhenqing, Chinese calligrapher (d. 785)
- Yaxun B'alam IV, king of Yaxchilan (Mexico) (d. 768)
- Zhang Xun, general of the Tang Dynasty (d. 757)
وفيات
- May 25 – Aldhelm, bishop of Sherborne
- Æthelred, king of Mercia (approximate date)
- Bertin, Frankish abbot (approximate date)
- Gotfrid, duke of Alemannia (approximate date)
- Swæfred, king of Essex (approximate date)
- Wilfrid, Anglo-Saxon bishop (or 710)
المراجع
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 341, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, https://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ Venning, Timothy, ed. (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 191–192. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 938, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, https://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC