1045
| القرون: | قرن 10 · قرن 11 · قرن 12 |
| العقود: | ع1010 ع1020 ع1030 ع1040 ع1050 ع1060 ع1070 |
| السنوات: | 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 |
| ألفية: | الألفية 2 |
|---|---|
| قرون: | القرن 10 – القرن 11 – القرن 12 |
| عقود: | عقد 1010 عقد 1020 عقد 1030 – عقد 1040 – عقد 1050 عقد 1060 عقد 1070 |
| سنين: | 1042 1043 1044 – 1045 – 1046 1047 1048 |
| 1045 حسب الموضوع | |
| قوائم الزعماء | |
| زعماء الدول | |
| تصنيفا المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفا التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| التأسيسات – الانحلالات | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 1045 MXLV |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 1798 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 494 ԹՎ ՆՂԴ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 5795 |
| التقويم البهائي | −799 – −798 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 452 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 1995 |
| سنة العهد الإنگليزي | N/A |
| التقويم البوذي | 1589 |
| التقويم البورمي | 407 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 6553–6554 |
| التقويم الصيني | 甲申年 (الخشب القرد) 3741 أو 3681 — إلى — 乙酉年 (الخشب الديك) 3742 أو 3682 |
| التقويم القبطي | 761–762 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2211 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1037–1038 |
| التقويم العبري | 4805–4806 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1101–1102 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 967–968 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4146–4147 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 11045 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 45–46 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 423–424 |
| التقويم الهجري | 436–437 |
| التقويم الياباني | Kantoku 2 (寛徳２年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | 1045 MXLV |
| التقويم الكوري | 3378 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 867 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前867年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 1588 |
Year 1045 (MXLV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.
أحداث
- January 20 - Pope Sylvester III becomes the 146th pope, succeeding Benedict IX، who abdicated during the previous year.[1]
- January 23 - Edward the Confessor، King of England, marries Edith of Wessex (daughter of Earl Godwin) and she is crowned queen consort at Winchester.[2] This year also in England، Edward begins construction of Westminster Abbey.[3]
- February - Pope Sylvester III is deposed (election deemed invalid); Pope Benedict IX is elected once more, becoming the 147th pope.[1]
- February 5 - Emperor Go-Reizei ascends the throne of Japan.[4]
- May 5 - Pope Gregory VI becomes the 148th pope, following the resignation of Pope Benedict IX in exchange for money. There are growing allegations that simony is taking place during Gregory VI's reign.[5]
- Movable type printing is invented by Bi Sheng in China.[6]
- The Qingli Reforms، put forth by the Chinese statesman Fan Zhongyan in 1043,[7] are halted by their conservative ministerial peers, but will later influence reform efforts under Wang Anshi.[8]
- The Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia is surrendered to the Eastern Roman Empire، ending the Kingdom.
- Harald Hardrada returns to Scandinavia through Sigtuna in Sweden, after escaping from the Byzantine Empire with a fortune.[9]
مواليد
- Huang Tingjian، famous Chinese calligrapher, painter and poet (d. 1105)[10]
- Approximate date
- Margaret، queen consort of Scotland (d. 1093)[11]
- Robert of Arbrissel (d. 1116), Bretonic preacher and founder of Fontevraud Abbey[12]
- Stephen, Count of Blois (d. 1102)[13]
وفيات
- February 7 - Emperor Go-Suzaku of Japan (b. 1009)[14]
- May 27 - Bruno of Würzburg، imperial chancellor of Italy (b. c. 1005)[15]
- June 27 - Hemma of Gurk، Austrian religious founder and countess (b. 980)[16]
- Radbot, Count of Habsburg (b. 985)[17]
- Approximate date - Maria Skleraina، Byzantine Imperial political adviser
References
- ^ أ ب "Sylvester III – pope or antipope". Encyclopædia Britannica (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved May 30, 2018.
- ^ "Edward the Confessor". BBC – History. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
- ^ "Westminster Abbey". westendatwar.org.uk. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
- ^ Adolphson, Mikael S. (2000). The Gates of Power: Monks, Courtiers, and Warriors in Premodern Japan (in الإنجليزية). University of Hawaii Press. p. 77. ISBN 9780824823344.
- ^ "Gregory VI – pope". Encyclopædia Britannica (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved May 30, 2018.
- ^ "No. 894: Inventing Printing". uh.edu. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
- ^ Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Smith, Paul Jakov (2016). State Power in China, 900-1325 (in الإنجليزية). University of Washington Press. p. 192. ISBN 9780295998480.
- ^ Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Smith, Paul Jakov (2016). State Power in China, 900-1325 (in الإنجليزية). University of Washington Press. p. 172. ISBN 9780295998480.
- ^ Tjønn, Halvor (2010). Harald Hardråde. Sagakongene (in Norwegian). Saga Bok/Spartacus. ISBN 978-82-430-0558-7, pp. 83.
- ^ Fu, Shen (2003). "Huang Tingjian". Oxford Art Online (in الإنجليزية). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t039229. ISBN 9781884446054. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
- ^ "5 forgotten queens and princesses of Scotland". scotsman.com (in الإنجليزية). April 2019. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
- ^ Müller, Annalena (2021). From the Cloister to the State: Fontevraud and the Making of Bourbon France, 1642-1100. Routledge. p. 39. ISBN 9781000436297. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
- ^ Westfahl, Gary (2015). A Day in a Working Life: 300 Trades and Professions through History [3 volumes]: 300 Trades and Professions through History (in الإنجليزية). ABC-CLIO. p. 597. ISBN 9781610694032.
- ^ "Gosuzaku, Emperor of Japan, 1009-1045". id.loc.gov. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
- ^ "Bruno Saint, Bishop of Würzburg approximately 1005-1045". Worldcat. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
- ^ "Hemma of Gurk, Saint approximately 980-approximately 1045". Worldcat. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
- ^ Leeson, R. (2014). Hayek: A Collaborative Biography: Part II, Austria, America and the Rise of Hitler, 1899-1933 (in الإنجليزية). Springer. p. 1. ISBN 9781137325099.