الجمهوريات الرئاسية with an executive presidency separate from the legislature
Semi-presidential system with both an executive presidency and a separate head of government that leads the rest of the executive, who is appointed by the president and accountable to the legislature
Parliamentary republics with a ceremonial and non-executive president, where a separate head of government leads the executive and is dependent on the confidence of the legislature
Republics in which a combined head or directory of state and government is elected or nominated by the legislature
One-party states in which all other parties are either outlawed or only enjoy limited and controlled participation in elections.