فايا-لارجو Faya-Largeau
Faya-Largeau
فايا لارجو | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Faya-Largeau Location in Chad (Borkou Region highlighted) | |
| الإحداثيات: 17°55′01″N 19°7′0″E / 17.91694°N 19.11667°E | |
| Country |  تشاد |
| Region | Borkou (since 2008) |
| Department | Borkou |
| Sub-Prefecture | Faya-Largeau |
| المنسوب | 245 m (804 ft) |
| التعداد (2012)[1] | |
| • الإجمالي | 48٬090 |
| منطقة التوقيت | +1 |
فايا-لارجو Faya-Largeau[2] (also known as Faya,[3] عربية: فايا لارجو or فايا) is the largest city in northern Chad and was the capital of the region of Bourkou-Ennedi-Tibesti.[4] It is now in the Borkou Region, which was formed in 2008 from the Borkou Department of the former Bourkou-Ennedi-Tibesti region.
التاريخ
Originally called Faya, the town was renamed Largeau after French Colonel Victor Emmanuel Largeau;[3] upon Chadian independence from France, it assumed the name Faya-Largeau. The town was captured by Libya when Libya annexed the Aouzou Strip in 1975, but was retaken by Hissène Habré's forces in 1980.[5] Libya recaptured Faya-Largeau in 1983, but retreated in 1987 during the so-called Toyota War.[5]
الاقتصاد
Due to the considerable underground water supply in the town, the main economic activities are agriculture and natron mining.[6] The town is serviced by Faya-Largeau Airport (IATA: FYT, ICAO: FTTY)[7] with a paved runway, used almost exclusively by military airplanes.
السكان
| Year | Population[8] |
|---|---|
| 1993 | 9,867 |
| 2008 | 14,123 |
المناخ
Faya-Largeau has a hot desert climate typical of the Borkou Region lying on the heart of the Sahara Desert. Average maximum temperatures in Faya-Largeau are consistently over 39 °C (102.2 °F) from April to September, reaching a maximum of 42.1 °C (107.8 °F) in June. The coolest months are December and January with an average maximum temperature of 26.4 °C (79.5 °F). Annual precipitation averages only 11.7 ميليمتر (0.46 in) and generally only occurs from June to September, although some years have no rainfall at all. The sunshine duration is one of the highest found in the world with some 3,800 hours of bright sunshine annually, and every month receives an average sunshine duration above 290 hours.[9][10][11]
| بيانات المناخ لـ فايا-لارجو (1961–1990) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | ينا | فب | مار | أبر | ماي | يون | يول | أغس | سبت | أكت | نوف | ديس | السنة |
| القصوى القياسية °س (°ف) | 39 (102) |
43 (109) |
44 (111) |
49 (120) |
49 (120) |
49 (120) |
47 (117) |
46 (115) |
46 (115) |
47 (117) |
39 (102) |
36 (97) |
49 (120) |
| متوسط القصوى اليومية °س (°ف) | 26.4 (79.5) |
29.4 (84.9) |
33.6 (92.5) |
39.1 (102.4) |
41.0 (105.8) |
42.1 (107.8) |
41.0 (105.8) |
40.2 (104.4) |
39.8 (103.6) |
36.5 (97.7) |
31.1 (88.0) |
27.6 (81.7) |
35.7 (96.3) |
| المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) | 20.0 (68.0) |
22.2 (72.0) |
26.0 (78.8) |
30.8 (87.4) |
33.0 (91.4) |
34.1 (93.4) |
33.4 (92.1) |
33.1 (91.6) |
32.7 (90.9) |
29.5 (85.1) |
24.5 (76.1) |
21.0 (69.8) |
28.4 (83.1) |
| متوسط الدنيا اليومية °س (°ف) | 13.6 (56.5) |
15.0 (59.0) |
18.4 (65.1) |
22.4 (72.3) |
25.0 (77.0) |
26.1 (79.0) |
25.8 (78.4) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.9 (78.6) |
22.5 (72.5) |
17.9 (64.2) |
14.4 (57.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
| الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) | 4 (39) |
7 (45) |
11 (52) |
14 (57) |
17 (63) |
17 (63) |
16 (61) |
16 (61) |
17 (63) |
12 (54) |
9 (48) |
3 (37) |
3 (37) |
| متوسط تساقط الأمطار mm (inches) | 0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.4 (0.02) |
0.3 (0.01) |
3.0 (0.12) |
7.0 (0.28) |
0.8 (0.03) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
11.7 (0.46) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| متوسط الرطوبة النسبية (%) | 25 | 20 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 20 | 27 | 33 | 22 | 25 | 23 | 25 | 23 |
| Mean monthly ساعات سطوع الشمس | 306.9 | 291.2 | 306.9 | 309.0 | 344.1 | 333.0 | 334.8 | 319.3 | 312.0 | 319.3 | 309.0 | 306.9 | 3٬792٫4 |
| المتوسط اليومي ساعات سطوع الشمس | 9.9 | 10.4 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 10.4 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization (temperatures and precipitation days)[9] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun and humidity),[10] Annales de Géographie[11][12] | |||||||||||||
أشخاص بارزون
- Idriss Ndélé Moussa, طبيب أسنان، أكاديمي وسياسي
انظر أيضاً
المراجع
- Brachet, Julien; Scheele, Judith (2019). The Value of Disorder : Autonomy, Prosperity, and Plunder in the Chadian Sahara. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108566315.
- ^ "World Gazetteer". Archived from the original on 2013-01-11.
- ^ Atlas of the World (Eighth ed.). Washington, D.C., United States: National Geographic Society. 2005.
- ^ أ ب "Faya". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 2007-01-01.
- ^ "Circonscriptions administrative" (PDF). Archive du Ministère de l’Administration du territoire. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-03-16. Retrieved 2007-01-01.
- ^ أ ب "Libyan Intervention in Chad, 1980-Mid-1987". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2007-01-01.
- ^ Brachet & Scheele 2019, pp. 193–196.
- ^ "Faya-Largeau". Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. Archived from the original on 2007-03-18. Retrieved 2007-01-01.
- ^ World Gazetteer: Chad
- ^ أ ب "World Weather Information Service–Faya-Largeau". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved June 24, 2015.
- ^ أ ب "Faya–Largeau Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 24, 2015.
- ^ أ ب Mainguet, Monique (1968). "Le Borkou. Aspects d'un modèle éolien". Annales de Géographie (in الفرنسية). 77 (421): 296–322. doi:10.3406/geo.1968.15662.
- ^ bbc.co.uk
وصلات خارجية
Faya travel guide from Wikivoyage