أيداهو

هذا المقال هو عن the U.S. state of Idaho. إذا كنت تريد الاستخدامات الأخرى، انظر أيداهو (توضيح).

Idaho
ولاية
Flag Seal
الكنية:  The Gem State (official), The Potato State
الشعار:  Esto perpetua (Latin for "Let it be perpetual")
النشيد: "Here We Have Idaho"
خريطة الولايات المتحدة، موضح فيها Idaho
البلد	الولايات المتحدة
قبل الولائية	Oregon Territory, Washington Territory, Idaho Territory
انضمت للاتحاد	July 3, 1890 (43rd)
العاصمة (وأكبر مدينة)	Boise
الحكومة
• الحاكم	Brad Little (R)
• نائب الحاكم	Scott Bedke (R)
المجلس التشريعي	Legislature
• المجلس العلوي	Senate
• المجلس السفلى	House of Representatives
القضاء	Idaho Supreme Court
سناتورات الولايات المتحدة	Mike Crapo (R) Jim Risch (R)
وفد مجلس النواب	1. Russ Fulcher (R) 2. Mike Simpson (R) (القائمة)
المساحة
• الإجمالي	83٬546 ميل² (216٬444 كم²)
• البر	82٬623 ميل² (216٬400 كم²)
• الماء	923 ميل² (2٬398 كم²)  1.11%
ترتيب المساحة	11th
الأبعاد
• الطول	479 mi (771 km)
• العرض	305 mi (491 km)
المنسوب	5٬000 ft (1٬520 m)
أعلى منسوب (Borah Peak)	12٬662 ft (3٬859 m)
أوطى منسوب (Confluence of Snake and Clearwater River; Lewiston)	713 ft (217 m)
التعداد
• الإجمالي	1٬964٬726
• الترتيب	38th
• الكثافة	23٫63/sq mi (8٫33/km2)
• ترتيب الكثافة	44th
• الدخل الأوسط للأسرة	$76٬918
• ترتيب الدخل	31st
صفة المواطن	Idahoan
اللغة
• اللغة الرسمية	English
منطقة التوقيت
primary	UTC−07:00 (Mountain)
• الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)	UTC−06:00 (MDT)
Idaho Panhandle	UTC−08:00 (Pacific)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−07:00 (PDT)
اختصار البريد	ID
ISO 3166 code	US-ID
خط العرض	42° N to 49° N
خط الطول	111°03′ W to 117°15′ W
الموقع الإلكتروني	idaho.gov

رموز ولاية Idaho

علم Idaho
شعار Idaho
رموز حية
البرمائي	Tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum)
الطائر	Mountain bluebird (Sialia currucoides) Raptor: Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus)
السمك	Cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii)
الزهرة	Syringa (Philadelphus lewisii)
سلالة الجياد	Appaloosa
الحشرة	Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus)
الشجرة	Western white pine (Pinus monticola)
رموز جامدة
الرقصة	Square dance
الطعام	Fruit: Huckleberry Vegetable: Potato
الأحفورة	Hagerman horse (Equus simplicidens)
الحجر الكريم	Star garnet
التربة	Threebear
علامة طريق ولائي
قوائم رموز الولايات الأمريكية

آيداهو Idaho هي ولاية من الولايات المتحدة. وهي إحدى ولايات جبال الروكي بالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية ذات المشاهد الجميلة والموارد الطبيعية الهائلة. بها جبال مرتفعة تغطي قِممَهَا الثلوج، وأنهار سريعة ذات دوامات، وبحيرات هادئة ووديان سحيقة. It shares a small portion of the Canada–United States border to the north, with the province of British Columbia. It borders Montana and Wyoming to the east, Nevada and Utah to the south, and Washington and Oregon to the west. عدد سكانها 1,293,953 نسمة. وأكبر مدن إيداهو مدينة بويزي الواقعة في الجزء الجنوبي الغربي. وهي أيضاً عاصمة الولاية. With an area of 83,570 square miles (216,400 km²), Idaho is the 14th largest state by land area. With a population of approximately 1.8 million, it ranks as the 13th least populous and the 7th least densely populated of the 50 U.S. states.

For thousands of years, and prior to European colonization, Idaho has been inhabited by native peoples. In the early 19th century, Idaho was considered part of the Oregon Country, an area of dispute between the U.S. and the British Empire. It officially became a U.S. territory with the signing of the Oregon Treaty of 1846, but a separate Idaho Territory was not organized until 1863, instead being included for periods in Oregon Territory and Washington Territory. Idaho was eventually admitted to the Union on July 3, 1890, becoming the 43rd state.

Forming part of the Pacific Northwest (and the associated Cascadia bioregion), Idaho is divided into several distinct geographic and climatic regions. The state's north, the relatively isolated Idaho Panhandle, is closely linked with Eastern Washington, with which it shares the Pacific Time Zone—the rest of the state uses the Mountain Time Zone. The state's south includes the Snake River Plain (which has most of the population and agricultural land), and the southeast incorporates part of the Great Basin. Idaho is quite mountainous and contains several stretches of the Rocky Mountains. The United States Forest Service holds about 38% of Idaho's land, the highest proportion of any state.

Industries significant for the state economy include manufacturing, agriculture, mining, forestry, and tourism. Several science and technology firms are either headquartered in Idaho or have factories there, and the state also contains the Idaho National Laboratory, which is the country's largest Department of Energy facility. Idaho's agricultural sector supplies many products, but the state is best known for its potato crop, which comprises around one-third of the nationwide yield. The official state nickname is the "Gem State."

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 أصل الاسم

أطلق اسم إيداهو في البداية على المنطقة التي أصبحت فيما بعد كولورادو. وقد رفض هذا الاسم لأنه ليس هنديًا، ولكنه أختِير فيما بعد لإقليم إيداهو. واسم الشهرة لولاية إيداهو هو ولاية غِمْ.

The name's origin remains a mystery. In the early 1860s, when the U.S. Congress was considering organizing a new territory in the Rocky Mountains, the name "Idaho" was suggested by George M. Willing, a politician posing as an unrecognized delegate from the unofficial Jefferson Territory. Willing claimed that the name was derived from a Shoshone term meaning "the sun comes from the mountains" or "gem of the mountains", but it was revealed later that there was no such term and Willing claimed that he had been inspired to coin the name when he met a little girl named Ida. Since the name appeared to be fabricated, the U.S. Congress ultimately decided to name the area Colorado Territory instead when it was created in February 1861, but by the time this decision was made, the town of Idaho Springs, Colorado had already been named after Willing's proposal.

The same year Congress created Colorado Territory, a county called Idaho County was created in eastern Washington Territory. The county was named after a steamship named Idaho, which was launched on the Columbia River in 1860. It is unclear whether the steamship was named before or after Willing's claim was revealed. Regardless, part of Washington Territory, including Idaho County, was used to create Idaho Territory in 1863. Idaho Territory would later change its boundaries to the area that became the U.S. state.

 التاريخ

المقالة الرئيسية: تاريخ أيداهو

المقالة الرئيسية: History of Idaho

Humans may have been present in the Idaho area as long as 14,500 years ago. Excavations at Wilson Butte Cave near Twin Falls in 1959 revealed evidence of human activity, including arrowheads, that rank among the oldest dated artifacts in North America. American Indian peoples predominant in the area included the Nez Percé in the north and the Northern and Western Shoshone in the south.

A Late Upper Paleolithic site was identified at Cooper's Ferry in western Idaho near the town of Cottonwood by archaeologists in 2019. Based on evidence found at the site, first people lived in this area 15,300 to 16,600 years ago, predating the Beringia land bridge by about a thousand years. The discoverers emphasized that they possess similarities with tools and artifacts discovered in Japan that date from 16,000 to 13,000 years ago. The discovery also showed that the first people might not have come to North America by land, as previously theorized. On the contrary, they probably came through the water, using a Pacific coastal route.

The most parsimonious explanation we think is that people came down the Pacific Coast, and as they encountered the mouth of the Columbia River, they essentially found an off-ramp from this coastal migration and also found their first viable interior route to the areas that are south of the ice sheet.

An early presence of French-Canadian trappers is visible in names and toponyms: Nez Percé, Cœur d'Alène, Boisé, Payette. Some of these names appeared prior to the Lewis and Clark and Astorian expeditions, which included significant numbers of French and Métis guides recruited for their familiarity with the terrain.

Idaho, as part of the Oregon Country, was claimed by both the United States and Great Britain until the United States gained undisputed jurisdiction in 1846. From 1843 to 1859, present-day Idaho was under the de facto jurisdiction of the Provisional Government of Oregon. When Oregon became a state in 1859, what is now Idaho was situated in what remained of the original Oregon Territory, designated as the Washington Territory.

Between 1849 and the creation of the Idaho Territory in 1863, parts of present-day Idaho were included in the Oregon, Washington, and Dakota Territories. The new Idaho territory included present-day Idaho, Montana, and most of Wyoming. The Lewis and Clark expedition crossed Idaho in 1805 on the way to the Pacific, and in 1806, on the return trip, largely following the Clearwater River in both directions. The first non-indigenous settlement was Kullyspell House, established on the shore of Lake Pend Oreille in 1809 by David Thompson of the North West Company for fur trading. In 1812 Donald Mackenzie, working for the Pacific Fur Company at the time, established a post on the lower Clearwater River near present-day Lewiston. This post, known as "MacKenzie's Post" or "Clearwater", operated until the Pacific Fur Company was bought out by the North West Company in 1813, after which the post was abandoned. The first organized non-indigenous communities within the present borders of Idaho were established by Mormon pioneers in 1860. The first permanent, substantial incorporated community was Lewiston, in 1861. Early in its history, Idaho saw a large influx of Chinese immigrants, who by 1870 made up about 28.5% of the territory's population.

Idaho achieved statehood in 1890, following a difficult start as a territory, including the chaotic transfer of the territorial capital from Lewiston to Boise, disenfranchisement of Mormon polygamists upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1890, and a federal attempt to split the territory between Washington Territory, which gained statehood in 1889, a year before Idaho, and the state of Nevada which had been a state since 1864.

Idaho was one of the hardest hit of the Pacific Northwest states during the Great Depression. Prices plummeted for Idaho's major crops: in 1932 a bushel of potatoes brought only ten cents compared to 1919 for $1.51, while Idaho farmers saw their annual income of $686 in 1929 drop to $250 by 1932.

In recent years, Idaho has expanded its commercial base as a tourism and agricultural state to include science and technology industries. Science and technology have become the largest single economic center (over 25% of the state's total revenue) within the state and are greater than agriculture, forestry and mining combined.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Idaho enacted statewide crisis standards of care as COVID-19 patients overwhelmed hospitals. The state had one of the lowest vaccination rates in the country as of mid-October 2021.

عاش الهنود في إقليم إيداهو منذ ما يزيد على عشرة آلاف عام. وأهم قبيلتين عاشتا في هذه المنطقة هما النيزبرسيه والشوشون.

عثر المنقبون على الذهب خلال ستينيات القرن التاسع عشر، ومن ثم تدفّق الباحثون عن الذهب إلى المنطقة. وأصبحت إيداهو الولاية الأمريكية الثالثة والأربعين وذلك في الثالث من يوليو عام 1890م. وقد نمت بسرعة، حيث تطورت مواردها الطبيعية، وبدأت بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية (1939 – 1945م) في التحول من ولاية ريفية إلى حضرية.

 الجغرافيا

المقالة الرئيسية: Geography of Idaho

تمتد ولاية إيداهو على مساحة 216,456 كم². وتغطي الغابات نحو 40% من أراضيها. وتحتوي جبال الروكي على كميات ضخمة من أخشاب الغابات ومناطق التعدين المهمة. تقع إحدى أهم المناطق الوعرة في الولايات المتحدة في ذلك الإقليم. وتعد منطقة بوراه بيك أعلى نقطة في إيداهو، حيث ترتفع إلى 3,859م. أما أقل ارتفاع فيبلغ 216م عند نهر سنيك في لوينستون. تنشط الزراعة في منطقة السهل الخصب ومناطق الوديان والمنطقة التي يقع فيها سهل نهر ينينك في جنوب إيداهو.

Idaho shares a border with six U.S. states and one Canadian province. The states of Washington and Oregon are to the west, Nevada and Utah are to the south, and Montana and Wyoming are to the east. Idaho also shares a short border with the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north.

The landscape is rugged, with some of the largest unspoiled natural areas in the United States. For example, at 2.3 million acres (930,010 ha), the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness Area is the largest contiguous area of protected wilderness in the continental United States. Idaho is a Rocky Mountain state with abundant natural resources and scenic areas. The state has snow-capped mountain ranges, rapids, vast lakes and steep canyons. The waters of the Snake River run through Hells Canyon, the deepest gorge in the United States. Shoshone Falls falls down cliffs from a height greater than Niagara Falls.

By far, the most important river in Idaho is the Snake River, a major tributary of the Columbia River. The Snake River flows from Yellowstone in northwestern Wyoming through the Snake River Plain in southern Idaho before turning north, leaving the state at Lewiston before joining the Columbia in Kennewick. Other major rivers are the Clark Fork/Pend Oreille River, the Spokane River, and, many major tributaries of the Snake River, including the Clearwater River, the Salmon River, the Boise River, and the Payette River. The Salmon River empties into the Snake in Hells Canyon and forms the southern boundary of Nez Perce County on its north shore, of which Lewiston is the county seat. The Port of Lewiston, at the confluence of the Clearwater and the Snake Rivers is the farthest inland seaport on the West Coast at 465 river miles from the Pacific at Astoria, Oregon.

A portion of Yellowstone national Park is located in Idaho. The other parts are in Montana and Wyoming.

The vast majority of Idaho's population lives in the Snake River Plain, a valley running from across the entirety of southern Idaho from east to west. The valley contains the major cities of Boise, Meridian, Nampa, Caldwell, Twin Falls, Idaho Falls, and Pocatello. The plain served as an easy pass through the Rocky Mountains for westward-bound settlers on the Oregon Trail, and many settlers chose to settle the area rather than risking the treacherous route through the Blue Mountains and the Cascade Range to the west. The western region of the plain is known as the Treasure Valley, bound between the Owyhee Mountains to the southwest and the Boise Mountains to the northeast. The central region of the Snake River Plain is known as the Magic Valley.

Idaho's highest point is Borah Peak, 12,662 ft (3,859 m), in the Lost River Range north of Mackay. Idaho's lowest point, 710 ft (216 m), is in Lewiston, where the Clearwater River joins the Snake River and continues into Washington. The Sawtooth Range is often considered Idaho's most famous mountain range. Other mountain ranges in Idaho include the Bitterroot Range, the White Cloud Mountains, the Lost River Range, the Clearwater Mountains, and the Salmon River Mountains.

Salmon-Challis National Forest is located in the east central sections of the state, with Salmon National Forest to the north and Challis National Forest to the south. The forest is in an area known as the Idaho Cobalt Belt, which consists of a 34 miles (55 km) long geological formation of sedimentary rock that contains some of the largest cobalt deposits in the U.S.

Idaho has two time zones, with the dividing line approximately midway between Canada and Nevada. Southern Idaho, including the Boise metropolitan area, Idaho Falls, Pocatello, and Twin Falls, are in the Mountain Time Zone. A legislative error (15 U.S.C. ch. 6 §264) theoretically placed this region in the Central Time Zone, but this was corrected with a 2007 amendment. Areas north of the Salmon River, including Coeur d'Alene, Moscow, Lewiston, and Sandpoint, are in the Pacific Time Zone, which contains less than a quarter of the state's population and land area.

 الطقس

Köppen climate types of Idaho, using 1991–2020 climate normals

تختلف درجة الحرارة في إيداهو باختلاف الفصول. ففي شهر يوليو يكون متوسط درجة الحرارة 19م، بينما يكون المتوسط في شهر يناير-5م.

Monthly Normal High and Low Temperatures For Various Idaho Cities.
City	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Boise	37/24	44/29	54/34	62/39	71/47	80/54	89/60	88/60	77/51	64/41	48/32	37/24
Lewiston	39/28	46/31	54/36	62/41	70/47	78/54	88/59	88/59	77/51	62/41	47/34	39/28
Pocatello	32/16	39/21	48/27	58/33	68/39	78/46	88/51	87/50	76/42	62/33	44/25	34/17
[2]

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 البحيرات

• Alturas Lake
• Bear Lake (Idaho-Utah)
• Hayden Lake
• Henry's Lake
• Lake Cascade
• Lake Coeur d'Alene
• Lake Lowell
• Lake Walcott
• Payette Lake (McCall)
• Pend Oreille
• Little Redfish Lake
• Pettit Lake
• Priest Lake
• Redfish Lake
• Sawtooth Lake
• Stanley Lake
• Warm Lake

 الديموغرافيا

التعداد تاريخياً
الإحصاء	التعداد		%±
1870	14٬999		—
1880	32٬610		117.4%
1890	88٬548		171.5%
1900	161٬772		82.7%
1910	325٬594		101.3%
1920	431٬866		32.6%
1930	445٬032		3.0%
1940	524٬873		17.9%
1950	588٬637		12.1%
1960	667٬191		13.3%
1970	712٬567		6.8%
1980	943٬935		32.5%
1990	1٬006٬749		6.7%
2000	1٬293٬953		28.5%
تقديري 2008	1٬523٬816		17.8%

 الدين

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Idaho Falls Temple.

 الإقتصاد

Idaho State Quarter

American Falls Dam

والصناعات الرائدة في ولاية إيداهو هي التمويل والتصنيع والتجارة. وأهم الصناعات هناك هي الأغذية المصنعة والمنتجات الخشبية. وتُعد مدينة بويزي المركز المالي والتجاري الرئيسي بالولاية. وتستفيد صناعات الولاية من الطاقة المائية الوفيرة الرخيصة.

والمحصول الرئيسي فيها هو البطاطس، ويليه علف الحيوانات كالبرسيم والقش وغيره ثم القمح. كما تعد لحوم الأبقار والمواشي من أهم منتجاتها. وتليها في الأهمية منتجات الألبان. أما أهم المعادن في الولاية فهي الفضة وأحجار الفوسفات والموليبدنم (وهو معدن يشبه الكروم في خصائصه).

ومنذ منتصف القرن العشرين، انتقل إلى الولاية العديد من الصناعات الصغيرة. وأسهم نمو صناعة السياحة في التطور الاقتصادي. وقد توقف عن العمل عدد من المزارع في إيداهو أثناء الأزمة الزراعية التي حدثت في ثمانينيات القرن العشرين.

 الطاقة

Electricity Generation in Idaho

 المواصلات

المقالة الرئيسية: List of Idaho State Highways

The current state license plate design, modified since its introduction in 1991.

الطرق السريعة الرئيسية

Interstate 15.

US Highway 95.

 الموانئ

North U.S. Highway 2 U.S. Highway 12

North/South U.S. Highway 95 U.S. Highway 93 Interstate 15

West/East U.S. Highway 20 U.S. Highway 26 U.S. Highway 30 Interstate 84 Interstate 86 Interstate 90

Southwest Interstate 184

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 القانون والحكومة

State capitol building in Boise

 حكومة الولاية

 السلطة التنفيذية

للمزيد من المعلومات: List of Idaho Governors

للمزيد من المعلومات: Lieutenant Governor of Idaho

للمزيد من المعلومات: Secretary of State of Idaho

The governor of Idaho serves a four-year term, and is elected during what is nationally referred to as midterm elections. As such, the governor is not elected in the same election year as the president of the United States. The current governor is الجمهوري C. L. "Butch" Otter, who was elected in 2006.

 الشعبة التشريعية

المقالة الرئيسية: Idaho Legislature

 الشعبة القضائية

المقالة الرئيسية: Courts of Idaho

 المقاطعات

IDAHO COUNTIES
County name	County seat	Year founded	Population	Percent	Area (sq. m.)	Percent
Ada	Boise	1864	300,904	23.25 %	1,060	1.21 %
Adams	Council	1911	3,476	0.27 %	1,370	1.57 %
Bannock	Pocatello	1893	75,565	5.84 %	1,147	1.31 %
Bear Lake	Paris	1893	6,411	0.50 %	1,049	1.20 %
Benewah	St. Maries	1915	9,171	0.71 %	784	0.90 %
Bingham	Blackfoot	1885	41,735	3.23 %	2,120	2.42 %
Blaine	Hailey	1895	18,991	1.47 %	2,661	3.04 %
Boise	Idaho City	1864	6,670	0.52 %	1,907	2.18 %
Bonner	Sandpoint	1907	36,835	2.85 %	1,920	2.19 %
Bonneville	Idaho Falls	1911	82,522	6.38 %	1,901	2.17 %
Boundary	Bonners Ferry	1915	9,871	0.76 %	1,278	1.46 %
Butte	Arco	1917	2,899	0.22 %	2,234	2.55 %
Camas	Fairfield	1917	991	0.08 %	1,079	1.23 %
Canyon	Caldwell	1891	131,441	10.16 %	604	0.69 %
Caribou	Soda Springs	1919	7,304	0.56 %	1,799	2.06 %
Cassia	Burley	1879	21,416	1.66 %	2,580	2.95 %
Clark	Dubois	1919	1,022	0.08 %	1,765	2.02 %
Clearwater	Orofino	1911	8,930	0.69 %	2,488	2.84 %
Custer	Challis	1881	4,342	0.34 %	4,937	5.64 %
Elmore	Mountain Home	1889	29,130	2.25 %	3,101	3.54 %
Franklin	Preston	1913	11,329	0.88 %	668	0.76 %
Fremont	St. Anthony	1893	11,819	0.91 %	1,896	2.17 %
Gem	Emmett	1915	15,181	1.17 %	566	0.65 %
Gooding County, Idaho	Gooding	1913	14,155	1.09 %	734	0.84 %
Idaho	Grangeville	1861/1864	15,511	1.20 %	8,502	9.71 %
Jefferson	Rigby	1913	19,155	1.48 %	1,106	1.26 %
Jerome	Jerome	1919	18,342	1.42 %	602	0.69 %
Kootenai	Coeur d'Alene	1864	108,685	8.40 %	1,316	1.50 %
Latah	Moscow	1886	34,935	2.70 %	1,077	1.23 %
Lemhi	Salmon	1869	7,806	0.60 %	4,570	5.22 %
Lewis	Nezperce	1911	3,747	0.29 %	480	0.55 %
Lincoln	Shoshone	1895	4,044	0.31 %	1,206	1.38 %
Madison	Rexburg	1914	27,467	2.12 %	473	0.54 %
Minidoka	Rupert	1913	20,174	1.56 %	763	0.87 %
Nez Perce	Lewiston	1861/1864	37,410	2.89 %	856	0.98 %
Oneida	Malad City	1864	4,125	0.32 %	1,202	1.37 %
Owyhee	Murphy	1863	10,644	0.82 %	7,697	8.79 %
Payette	Payette	1917	20,578	1.59 %	410	0.47 %
Power	American Falls	1913	7,538	0.58 %	1,443	1.65 %
Shoshone	Wallace	/1861/1864	13,771	1.06 %	2,636	3.01 %
Teton	Driggs	1915	5,999	0.46 %	451	0.52 %
Twin Falls	Twin Falls	1907	64,284	4.97 %	1,928	2.20 %
Valley	Cascade	1917	7,651	0.59 %	3,734	4.27 %
Washington	Weiser	1879	9,977	0.77 %	1,474	1.68 %
Total Counties: 44			Total 2000 Population: 1,293,953		Total Area: 87,530 square miles

• three counties were first designated as such by the Washington Territorial Legislature in 1861; they were subsequently re-designated as Idaho counties in 1864

 السياسة

Presidential elections results

Year	الجمهوري	الديمقراطي
2008	61.5% 403,012	36.1% 236,440
2004	68.38% 409,235	30.26% 181,098
2000	67.17% 336,937	27.64% 138,637
1996	52.18% 256,595	33.65% 165,443
1992	42.03% 202,645	28.42% 137,013
1988	62.08% 253,881	36.01% 147,272
1984	72.36% 297,523	26.39% 108,510
1980	66.46% 290,699	25.19% 110,192
1976	59.88% 204,151	37.12% 126,549
1972	64.24% 199,384	26.04% 80,826
1968	56.79% 165,369	30.66% 89,273
1964	49.08% 143,557	50.92% 148,920
1960	53.78% 161,597	46.22% 138,853

للمزيد من المعلومات: [[:Political party strength in Idaho]]

 أهم المدن والبلدات

Population > 100,000 (urbanized area) Boise (state capital) - Home of Boise State University Population > 50,000 (urbanized area) Idaho Falls - Location of the main offices of the Idaho National Laboratory Nampa - Home of Northwest Nazarene University Pocatello - Home of Idaho State University Meridian - Suburb of Boise, Fastest growing city in Idaho Population > 30,000 (urbanized area) Caldwell - Home of the College of Idaho Coeur d'Alene - Home of North Idaho College, major tourist hub Lewiston - Home of Lewis-Clark State College, Seaport Twin Falls - Home of College of Southern Idaho, BASE jumping Population > 10,000 (urbanized area) Ammon - Suburb of Idaho Falls Blackfoot - Home of Idaho Potato Museum Burley Eagle - Suburb of Boise Garden City - Suburb of Boise Hayden -Suburb of Coeur d'Alene Kuna - Suburb of Boise Moscow - Home of the University of Idaho Mountain Home - US Airforce Base Post Falls - Suburb of Coeur d'Alene Rexburg - Home of Brigham Young University-Idaho

Smaller Towns and Cities American Falls - First town to be entirely relocated Arco - First city to be lit by electricity generated from a nuclear power plant Bonners Ferry - Northernmost major town in Idaho Buhl, Idaho - Trout Capitol of the World. City of Rocks - First rockclimbing station in Idaho Driggs - skiing (Grand Targhee) Eden Emmett Greenleaf Fruitland Filer - Suburb of Twin Falls. Hazelton Homedale - town's name was chosen from a hat Island Park - snowmobiling, world-class fishing Jerome Kimberly - Suburb of Twin Falls Kellogg - skiing ( Silver Mountain Ski Resort) Malad City McCall - Skiing Brundage Ski Resort and Recreation Payette Lake Middleton Montpelier bank robbed by the wild bunch Mullan-silver/lead/zinc mining New Meadows New Plymouth - first planned community in Idaho, third west of the Rocky Mountains Notus Orofino - County seat of Clearwater County, site longest strait axis dam, fishing Paris, Idaho - County seat of Bear Lake County Payette - County seat of Payette County Plummer- CDA tribal headquarters Rupert- County Seat of Minidoka County Rigby - Television birthplace Salmon, Idaho - gateway to river of no return Sandpoint - Skiing Schweitzer Mountain Ski Resort and Recrecation Lake Pend Oreille. Soda Springs - US's only captive geyser St. Anthony - sand dunes and several lava tubes St. Mariescounty seat Stanley, Idaho- heart of the sawtooths, Sun Valley - Year-round resort with world-class skiing Wallace-Historic district and county seat Wilder Worley-casino Firth

Boise, capital and largest city in Idaho. Coeur d'Alene Pocatello Post Falls Idaho Falls

 المواقع التاريخ، الحدائق العامة والوطنية

• 

  City of Rocks National Reserve

• 

  Craters of the Moon National Monument

• California National Historic Trail
• City of Rocks National Reserve
• Craters of the Moon National Monument
• Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument
• Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail
• Minidoka National Historic Site
• Nez Perce National Historical Park
• Oregon National Historic Trail
• Yellowstone National Park

 أماكن الترفيه الوطنية

Hells Canyon National Recreation Area.

• Hells Canyon National Recreation Area
• Sawtooth National Recreation Area

 ملاجئ الحياة البرية الوطنية

• Bear Lake National Wildlife Refuge
• Camas National Wildlife Refuge
• Deer Flat National Wildlife Refuge
• Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge
• Kootenai National Wildlife Refuge
• Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge

 المناطق المحمية الطبيعية

• Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area

 الحدائق العامة في الولاية

انظر أيضاً: List of Idaho state parks

Bear Lake State Park Box Canyon State Park Bruneau Dunes State Park Castle Rocks State Park City of Rocks State Park Coeur d'Alene Parkway Dworshak State Park Eagle Island State Park Farragut State Park Harriman State Park Hells Canyon Hells Gate State Park Henrys Lake State Park Heyburn State Park

Lake Cascade State Park Lake Walcott State Park Lucky Peak State Park Malad Gorge State Park Massacre Rocks State Park Mary Minerva McCroskey State Park Niagara Springs State Park Old Mission State Park Ponderosa State Park Priest Lake State Park Round Lake State Park Three Island Crossing State Park Trail of the Coeur d'Alenes Winchester Lake State Park Yankee Fork State Park

 التعليم

 الكليات والجامعات

Idaho State University in Pocatello.

University of Idaho in Moscow.

Boise State University in Boise.

Boise State University Brigham Young University-Idaho College of Idaho College of Southern Idaho Idaho State University

Lewis-Clark State College New Saint Andrews College North Idaho College Northwest Nazarene University University of Idaho

 الرياضة

Club	Sport	League
Boise Hawks	Baseball	Minor League Baseball
Boise State Broncos	NCAA	Division 1 College Sports
Idaho Vandals	NCAA	Division 1 College Sports
Idaho State Bengals	NCAA	Division 1 College Sports
Idaho Falls Chukars	Baseball	Minor League Baseball
Idaho Stampede	Basketball	NBA Development League
Boise Burn	Arena football	af2
Idaho Steelheads	Ice hockey	East Coast Hockey League

 الشعارات الرسمية للدولة

• State Bird: Mountain Bluebird
• State Dance: Square Dance
• State Fish: Cutthroat Trout
• State Flower: Syringa (Syringa vulgaris)
• State Fossil: Hagerman Horse (Equus simplicidens)
• State Fruit: Huckleberry
• State Gem: Idaho star garnet
• State Horse: Appaloosa
• State Motto: Esto perpetua ("Let it be perpetual")
• State Insect: Monarch butterfly
• State Raptor: Peregrine falcon
• State Song: Here We Have Idaho
• State Tree: Western White Pine
• State Soil: Threebear (soil)

 مشاهير أيداهو

المقالة الرئيسية: List of people from Idaho

 انظر أيضا

المقالة الرئيسية: Outline of Idaho

• Index of Idaho-related articles

 المصادر

• الموسوعة المعرفية الشاملة

 وصلات خارجية

يمكنك أن تجد معلومات أكثر عن Idaho عن طريق البحث في مشاريع المعرفة:

تعريفات قاموسية في ويكاموس
كتب من معرفة الكتب
اقتباسات من معرفة الاقتباس
نصوص مصدرية من معرفة المصادر
صور و ملفات صوتية من كومونز
أخبار من معرفة الأخبار.

• State of Idaho government website
• أيداهو at the Open Directory Project
• Energy Profile for Idaho
• Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation
• Idaho Newspapers
• Idaho State Databases - Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Idaho state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.
• Idaho State Facts
• Log Cabins in America: The Finnish Experience, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
• The History of Idaho
• U.S. Census Bureau
• USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Idaho
• Visit Idaho site

 Related information

الولايات المتحدة

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