الوزارات المكونة لمجلس الدولة الصيني

قالب:Copy edit

The constituent departments of the State Council (صينية: 国务院组成部门؛ پن‌ين: Guówùyuàn Zǔchéng Bùmén؛ حرفياً: 'State Affairs Court Constituent Department(s)'�) are the principal units of State Council of the People's Republic of China. Types of departments include ministries (؛ �), commissions (委员会؛ wěiyuánhuì�), the People's Bank of China and the National Audit Office.

The current 14th State Council has 26 Constitute Departments; 21 ministries, three commissions along with the PBC and the Audit Office. It also has a General Office, one Directly Affiliated Specialized Institution, 14 Directly Affiliated Institutions, one Office, 7 Directly Affiliated Public Institutions, and 17 National Bureaus managed by ministries and commissions of the State Council.[1][2][3][4]

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Overview

Structure

Each department is headed by a head (minister, director, governor and auditor-general), who are responsible for the work of their departments. Each head is confirmed by the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee on the recommendation of the premier, and ceremonially appointed by the president afterwards.[5]قالب:Non-primary source needed According to the Organic Law of the State Council, the head presides over the executive meetings of the department, and "signs important requests for instructions and reports to be submitted to the State Council as well as the orders and directives to be issued". Each department additionally has two to four deputy heads (vice ministers, deputy directors, deputy governors and deputy auditors-general), assisting the department head. They are appointed or removed by the State Council.[6]

Current departments

The 14th State Council has 26 Constituent Departments.[7][4][8]

Constituent Departments of the 14th State Council (March 2023 – March 2028)
# Logo Name of department Year established Incumbent chief Party Reports to
1 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Foreign Affairs
外交部
1949 (CPG)
1954 (PRC)
Wang Yi
王毅
Minister of Foreign Affairs
CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping
∟ Director of the Office of the Central Foreign Affairs Commission Wang Yi (himself)
2 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of National Defense
国防部
1954 Dong Jun
董军
Minister of National Defense
CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping (Chairman of the Central Military Commission)
3 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg National Development and Reform Commission
国家发展和改革委员会
2003 Zheng Shanjie
郑栅洁
Chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission
CCP Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang
4 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Education
教育部
1949 (CPG)
1954 (PRC)
Huai Jinpeng
怀进鹏
Minister of Education
CCP
5 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Science and Technology
科学技术部
1998 Yin Hejun
阴和俊
Minister of Science and Technology
CCP
6 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
工业和信息化部
2008 Jin Zhuanglong
金壮龙
Minister of Industry and Information Technology
CCP Vice Premier Zhang Guoqing
7 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg National Ethnic Affairs Commission
国家民族事务委员会
1949 (CPG)
1954 (PRC)
Chen Xiaojiang
陈小江
Minister in charge of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission
CCP Shi Taifeng (Head of the CCP Central Committee United Front Work Department)
8 ملف:Police Badge of China.svg Ministry of Public Security
公安部
1949 (CPG)
1954 (PRC)
zh (Police Commissioner-General)
Wang Xiaohong
王小洪

State Councillor
Minister of Public Security

CCP Chen Wenqing (Secretary of the CCP Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission)
9 ملف:MSS globe logo.png Ministry of State Security
国家安全部
1983 Chen Yixin
陈一新
Minister of State Security
CCP
10 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Civil Affairs
民政部
1978 Lu Zhiyuan
陆治原
Minister of Civil Affairs
CCP State Councillor Shen Yiqin
11 JUSTICE OF P.R.CHINA badge.svg Ministry of Justice
司法部
1949 (CPG)
1954 (PRC)
1979 (re-established)
He Rong
贺荣
Minister of Justice
CCP Chen Wenqing (Secretary of the CCP Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission)
12 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Finance
财政部
1949 (CPG)
1954 (PRC)
Lan Fo'an
蓝佛安
Minister of Finance
CCP Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang
13 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security
人力资源和社会保障部
2008 Wang Xiaoping
王晓萍
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security
CCP State Councillor Shen Yiqin
14 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Natural Resources
自然资源部
2018 Wang Guanghua
王广华
Minister of Natural Resources
CCP Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang
15 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Ecology and Environment
生态环境部
2018 Huang Runqiu
黄润秋
Minister of Ecology and Environment
JS
16 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
住房和城乡建设部
2008 Ni Hong
倪虹
Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
CCP Vice Premier He Lifeng
17 Traffic law enforcement signs of the P.R.China.svg Ministry of Transport
交通运输部
2008 Li Xiaopeng
李小鹏
Minister of Transport
CCP
18 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Water Resources
水利部
1949 (CPG)
1954 (PRC)
Li Guoying
李国英
Minister of Water Resources
CCP Vice Premier Liu Guozhong
19 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
农业农村部
2018 Tang Renjian
唐仁健
Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
CCP
20 MINISTRY OF COMMERCE,P.R.CHINA badge.svg Ministry of Commerce
商务部
2003 Wang Wentao
王文涛
Minister of Commerce
CCP Vice Premier He Lifeng
21 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Culture and Tourism
文化和旅游部
2018 Sun Yeli
孙业礼
Minister of Culture and Tourism
CCP Li Shulei (Head of the CCP Central Committee Propaganda Department)
22 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg National Health Commission
国家卫生健康委员会
2018 Ma Xiaowei
马晓伟
Minister in charge of the National Health Commission
CCP Vice Premier Liu Guozhong
23 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Veterans Affairs
退役军人事务部
2018 Pei Jinjia
裴金佳
Minister of Veterans Affairs
CCP State Councillor Shen Yiqin
24 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg Ministry of Emergency Management
应急管理部
2018 Wang Xiangxi
王祥喜
Ministry of Emergency Management
CCP Vice Premier Zhang Guoqing
25 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg People's Bank of China
中国人民银行
1948 Pan Gongsheng
潘功胜
Governor of the People's Bank of China
CCP Vice Premier He Lifeng (Director of the Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission Office)
26 National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg National Audit Office
审计署
1983 Hou Kai
侯凯
Auditor-General of the National Audit Office
CCP Premier Li Qiang
∟ Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang

The Ministry of Education retains the external nameplate of the National Language Working Committee. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology retains the external nameplates of China National Space Administration and of China Atomic Energy Authority. The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security is supplemented with the nameplate of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs. The Ministry of Natural Resources retains the external nameplate of the State Oceanic Administration. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment retains the external nameplate of the National Nuclear Safety Administration. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is supplemented with the nameplate of the National Rural Revitalization Administration.[1]


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Former departments

Ministries

Name of Ministry Chinese Year Established Year Dissolved Successor(s)
Ministry of Agriculture 农业部 1949 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

2018 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Ministry of Culture 文化部 1975 (re-established) 2018 Ministry of Culture and Tourism
1949 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1970 zh (Culture Group of the State Council)
Ministry of Supervision 监察部 1987 (re-established) 2018 National Supervisory Commission
1954 (of PRC) 1959 Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
Ministry of Land and Resources 国土资源部 1998 2018 Ministry of Natural Resources
Ministry of Environmental Protection 环境保护部 2008 2018 Ministry of Ecology and Environment
Ministry of Railways 铁道部 1975 (re-established) 2013 Ministry of Transport

National Railway Administration China Railway Corporation

1949 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1975 Ministry of Transport
Ministry of Health 卫生部 1949 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

2013 National Health and Family Planning Commission
zh (Ministry of Information Industry) 信息产业部 1998 2008 Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
zh (Ministry of Labour and Social Security (China)) 劳动和社会保障部 1998 2008 Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security
zh (Ministry of Personnel of the People's Republic of China) 人事部 1988 2008
Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade (MOFERT)

zh (Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation) (MOFTEC) (renamed 1993)

对外经济贸易部→对外贸易经济合作部 1982 2003 Ministry of Commerce
zh (Ministry of Domestic Trade) 国内贸易部 1993 1998 zh (State Bureau of Domestic Trade)
zh (Ministry of the Electronics Industry (China)) 电子工业部 1993 1998 zh (Ministry of Information Industry)
1982 1988 zh (Ministry of Machine-Building and Electronics Industry)
zh (Ministry of Electric Industry (China)) 电力工业部 1993 (3rd est.) 1998 zh (State Economic and Trade Commission)
1979 (2nd est.) 1982 zh (Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power)
1955 (1st est.) 1958
zh (Ministry of Coal Industry (China)) 煤炭工业部 1993 1998 zh (State Bureau of Coal Industry)
zh (Ministry of Metallurgical Industry (China)) (MMI) 冶金工业部 1956 1998 zh (State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry)
zh (Ministry of Chemical Industry (China)) 化学工业部 1978 1998 zh (State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry)
1956 1970 zh (Ministry of Fuel and Chemial Industry)
zh (Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (China)) 邮电部 1973 1998 zh (Ministry of Information Industry)

State Post Bureau

1949 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1970 Ministry of Transport
zh (Ministry of Labour of the People's Republic of China) 劳动部 1988 1998 zh (Ministry of Labour and Social Security (China))
1949 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1970 zh (State Planning Commission (China))
Ministry of Radio and Television

zh (Ministry of Radio, Film and Television) (renamed 1986)

广播电视部→广播电影电视部 1982 1998 State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT)
Ministry of Geology

zh (Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources) (renamed 1982)

地质部→地质矿产部 1979 1998 Ministry of Land and Resources
1949 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1970 zh (State Planning Commission (China))
zh (Ministry of Forestry (China)) 林业部 1979 1998 State Forestry Administration
zh (Ministry of Machine-Building Industry) 机械工业部 1993 1998 zh (State Bureau of Machine-Building Industry)
1982 1986 zh (State Machine-Building Industry Commission)
zh (Ministry of Machine-Building and Electronics Industry) 机械电子工业部 1988 1993 zh (Ministry of Machine-Building Industry)

Ministry of Electronics Industry

Ministry of Aerospace Industry 航空航天工业部 1988 1993 China National Space Administration

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation

zh (Ministry of Energy (China)) 能源部 1988 1993 zh (Ministry of Electric Industry)

zh (Ministry of Coal Industry (China))

zh (Ministry of Petroleum Industry) 石油工业部 1978 1988 zh (Ministry of Energy (China))
1955 1970 zh (Ministry of Fuel and Chemical Industry)
zh (Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power) 水利电力部 1982 1988 Ministry of Water Resources

zh (Ministry of Electric Industry)

1958 1979
zh (Ministry of Labour and Personnel) 劳动人事部 1982 1988 zh (Ministry of Labour of the People's Republic of China)

zh (Ministry of Personnel of the People's Republic of China)

7th Ministry of Machine Building

→ Ministry of Space Industry (renamed 1982)

第七机械工业部→航天工业部 1965 1988 Ministry of Aerospace Industry
3rd Ministry of Machine Building

→ Ministry of Aviation Industry (renamed 1982)

第三机械工业部→航空工业部 1963 1988
3rd Ministry of Machine Building

2nd Ministry of Machine Building (renamed 1958) → Ministry of Nuclear Industry (renamed 1982)

第三机械工业部→第二机械工业部→核工业部 1955 1988 China National Nuclear Corporation
5th Ministry of Machine Building

→ Ministry of Ordnance Industry (renamed 1982)

第五机械工业部→兵器工业部 1963 1986 zh (State Machine-Building Industry Commission)
Ministry of Agricultural Machinery 农业机械部 1979 1982 zh (Ministry of Machine-Building Industry)
1st Ministry of Machine Building 第一机械工业部 1952 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1982
zh (Ministry of Foreign Economic Liaison) 对外经济联络部 1970 1982 zh (Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation)
zh (Ministry of Foreign Trade (China)) 对外贸易部 1952 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1982
4th Ministry of Machine Building (electronics industry) 第四机械工业部 1963 1982 Ministry of Electronics Industry
6th Ministry of Machine Building (shipbuiding) 第六机械工业部 1963 1982 China State Shipbuilding Corporation
8th Ministry of Machine Building (tactical missiles) 第八机械工业部 1979 1981 7th Ministry of Machine Building (space industry)
Ministry of Agricultural Machinery

8th Ministry of Machine Building (renamed 1965)

农业机械部→第八机械工业部 1959 1970 1st Ministry of Machine Building
zh (Ministry of Internal Affairs of the People's Republic of China) 内务部 1949 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1969 Ministry of Finance

Ministry of Public Security

3rd Ministry of Machine Building (defense industry) 第三机械工业部 1960 1963 3rd Ministry of Machine Building (aviation industry)

4th Ministry of Machine Building (electronics industry) 5th Ministry of Machine Building (ordnance industry) 6th Ministry of Machine Building (shipbuilding industry)

2nd Ministry of Machine Building 第二机械工业部 1952 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1958 1st Ministry of Machine Building
zh (Ministry of Fuel Industry) 燃料工业部 1949 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1955 zh (Ministry of Coal Industry (China))

zh (Ministry of Petroleum Industry) zh (Ministry of Electric Industry)


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Commissions

Name of Commission Year Established Year Dissolved Successor(s)
National Health and Family Planning Commission

国家卫生和计划生育委员会

2013 2018 National Health Commission
National Family Planning Commission

国家计划生育委员会 ↓ (renamed 2003) National Population and Family Planning Commission 国家人口和计划生育委员会

1981 2013 National Health and Family Planning Commission
Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND)

国防科学技术工业委员会

1982 2008 Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence

zh (State Economic and Trade Commission) (SETC)

国家经济贸易委员会

1998 2003 National Development and Reform Commission

State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council Ministry of Commerce

zh (State Planning Commission (China))

国家计划委员会 ↓ (renamed 1998) State Development Planning Commission 国家发展计划委员会

1952 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

2003 National Development and Reform Commission
zh (State Economic Commission)

国家经济委员会

1993 1998 zh (State Economic and Trade Commission)
1978 1988 State Planning Commission
1956 1970
zh (State Commission for Economic Restructuring)

国家经济体制改革委员会

1982 1998 in 1998, turned into a high-level think-tank of the State Council with the Premier serving as the director and relevant ministers as members; abolished in 2003.
State Physical Culture and Sports Commission

国家体育运动委员会

1972 1998 State General Administration of Sports
1952 (of CPG)

1954 (of PRC)

1970 People's Liberation Army General Staff Department
zh (State Machine-Building Industry Commission)

国家机械工业委员会

1986 1988 zh (Ministry of Machine-Building and Electronics Industry)
zh (Import and Export Regulation Commission of the People's Republic of China)

中华人民共和国进出口管理委员会 Foreign Investment Regulation Commission of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国外国投资管理委员会 (one institution with two names)

1979 1982 zh (Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation)

Directly Affiliated Specialized Institution

According to the "Notice of the State Council on Institutional Establishment" issued by the State Council, there is one Directly Affiliated Specialized Institution (国务院直属特设机构).[1][2][4]

Directly Affiliated Institutions

According to the "Notice of the State Council on Institutional Establishment" issued by the State Council, there are 14 Directly Affiliated Institution (国务院直属机构). The agencies are sorted in accordance with the official documents of the State Council.[1][2][4]

The State Administration for Market Regulation retains the external nameplate of the State Anti-Monopoly Bureau, the National Certification and Accreditation Administration, and the National Standardization Administration. The National Press and Publication Administration (National Copyright Administration) is an external nameplate of the Central Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party. The State Administration for Religious Affairs is an external nameplate of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.[1]

Office

According to the "Notice of the State Council on Institutional Establishment" issued by the State Council, there is one Office (国务院办事机构).[1][2][4]

  • State Council Research Office (国务院研究室)

The Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council is an external nameplate of the United Front Work Department. The Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council is the nameplate of the Hong Kong and Macau Work Office. The Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the Central Committee of the CCP, the Cyberspace Administration of China and the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission are both one institution with two names, and are directly under the Central Committee of the CCP. The State Council Information Office is an external nameplate of the CCP Central Propaganda Department.[1]

Directly Affiliated Public Institutions

The State Council has 7 Directly Affiliated Public Institutions (国务院直属事业单位):[1][2][4]

The National School of Administration and the Central Party School are directly under the CCP Central Committee.[1]

National Bureaus

The ministries and commissions of the State Council manage 17 National Bureaus:[1][3][4]

See also

References

  1. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر "国务院组织机构 – 中国政府网 Organizational Structure of the State Council – China Government Web". 中华人民共和国中央人民政府 Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on 2023-10-24. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  2. ^ أ ب ت ث ج 国务院 State Council. "国务院关于机构设置的通知 – 中国政府网 Notice of the State Council on Institutional Establishment – China Government Web". 中华人民共和国中央人民政府 Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  3. ^ أ ب 国务院 State Council. "国务院关于部委管理的国家局设置的通知 – 中国政府网 Notice of the State Council on the establishment of national bureaus managed by ministries and commissions – China Government Web". 中华人民共和国中央人民政府 Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  4. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ Wei, Changhao; Hu, Taige; Liao, Zewei (Whiskey) (2023-03-07). "A Guide to China's 2023 State Council Restructuring". NPC Observer (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2023-10-25.
  5. ^ "Constitution of the People's Republic of China". National People's Congress. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  6. ^ Wei, Changhao (2024-03-11). "NPC 2024: Annotated Translation of the Revised State Council Organic Law". NPC Observer (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2024-04-15.
  7. ^ "China's new State Council: What analysts might have missed". Brookings (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2023-10-25.
  8. ^ "The State Council of the People's Republic of China" (PDF). Freeman Chair in China Studies Center for Strategic and International Studies. Retrieved 2023-10-24.