قمة الرياض 2017

(تم التحويل من 2017 Riyadh summit)
قمة الرياض 2017
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, King Salman of Saudi Arabia, Melania Trump, and Donald Trump, May 2017.jpg
King Salman, Presidents Trump and el-Sisi inaugurate the Global Center for Combating Extremism by touching an illuminated globe of the Earth.
البلد المضيفالسعودية
التاريخ20 مايو 2017 (2017-05-20) – 21 مايو 2017 (2017-05-21)
الشعارTogether, We Prevail
مكان الانعقادThe Ritz-Carlton, Riyadh
King Abdulaziz International Conference Center
المدنالسعودية Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
المشاركونSee below
الرئيسKing Salman of Saudi Arabia
الموقع الإلكترونيriyadhsummit2017.org

The 2017 Riyadh summit (العربية: قمة الرياض 2017‎) was a series of three summits held on 20–21 May 2017 on the occasion of the visit of United States President Donald Trump to Saudi Arabia, his first trip overseas. The summit included one bilateral meeting, between the United States and Saudi Arabia, and two multilateral meetings, one between the members of the Gulf Cooperation Council and the other with Arab and Muslim countries.[1] Leaders and representatives of 54 Arab and Muslim countries, all members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the United States took part.[2] Iran and Turkey boycotted the summit, and Syria was not invited.

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القمة الأمريكية السعودية

President Trump and King Salman talk during summit proceedings at the Al-Yamamah Palace in Riyadh on May 20.

President Trump made his first foreign trip to Saudi Arabia arriving at King Khalid International Airport on May 20, where he met with King Salman.[3][4][5] Trump then traveled to the Murabba Palace, where the King awarded him the Collar of Abdulaziz Al Saud.[6] Trump later visited the National Museum of Saudi Arabia.[7] In the evening, Trump and the U.S. delegation took part in the traditional ardah sword dance.


اتفاقية التجارة وصفقة الأسلحة

On May 20, 2017, U.S. President Donald Trump signed a US$350 billion arms deal with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.[8][9] The arms deal was the largest in world history.[10][8][11] The transaction included tanks, combat ships missile defence systems, as well as radar, communications and cybersecurity technology. The transfer was widely seen as a counterbalance against the influence of Iran in the region.[12][13] The arms transfer was described by news outlets as a "significant" and "historic" expansion of United States relations with Saudi Arabia.[14][15][16][17][18]

القمة الأمريكية الخليجية

Trump met with GCC leaders the morning of May 21.[1]

القمة الأمريكية العربية الإسلامية

Video of Trump's speech at the Arab Islamic American Summit.

King Salman and President Trump gave keynote addresses at the Arab Islamic American Summit. Trump called for Muslim leaders to "drive out" terrorism from their countries, and condemned Hamas and the Iranian government for their support of the government of Bashar al-Assad. Also speaking were President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi of Egypt, Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah of Kuwait, King Abdullah II of Jordan, President Joko Widodo of Indonesia, and Prime Minister Najib Razak of Malaysia.

At the close of the summit the leaders inaugurated the new Global Center for Combating Extremism in Riyadh, intended as a centre of excellence for fighting violent extremism which is conducive to terrorism, involving a number of international counter-extremism experts.[19] To officially open the center King Salman, President Trump, and President el-Sisi placed their hands on a glowing orb in the shape of a globe, which was cause for mirth among the international media.[20]

البلدان المشاركة

The map of the countries that participated in the summit
  1.  أفغانستان: President Ashraf Ghani
  2.  ألبانيا: Albanian Ambassador to Saudi Arabia Sami Shiba
  3.  الجزائر: President of the Council of the Nation Abdelkader Bensalah,[21]
  4.  أذربيجان: President Ilham Aliyev
  5.  البحرين: King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
  6.  بنگلادش: Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina
  7.  بنين: President Patrice Talon
  8.  بروناي: Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah
  9.  بوركينا فاسو: President Roch Marc Kabore[22]
  10.  الكاميرون: Minister of Foreign Affairs Lejeune Mbella Mbella
  11.  تشاد: President Idriss Déby
  12.  جزر القمر: President Azali Assoumani
  13.  جيبوتي: President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
  14.  مصر: President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
  15.  الگابون: President Ali Bongo Ondimba
  16.  گامبيا: President Adama Barrow[23]
  17.  غينيا: President Alpha Condé
  18.  غينيا-بيساو: President José Mário Vaz
  19.  گويانا: President David A. Granger
  20.  إندونيسيا: President Joko Widodo
  21.  العراق: President Fuad Masum[24]
  22.  ساحل العاج: President Alassane Ouattara
  23.  الأردن: King Abdullah II
  24.  قزخستان: President Nursultan Nazarbayev
  25.  الكويت: Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
  26.  قيرغيزستان: First Deputy Prime Minister Mukhammedkalyi Abylgaziev
  27.  لبنان: Prime Minister Saad Hariri
  28.  ليبيا: Prime Minister Fayez al-Sarraj
  29.  ماليزيا: Prime Minister Najib Razak
  30.  المالديڤ: President Abdulla Yameen
  31.  مالي: President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta
  32.  موريتانيا: President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
  33.  المغرب: Minister of Foreign Affairs Nasser Bourita[25]
  34.  موزمبيق: Minister of Foreign Affairs José Condungua Pacheco
  35.  النيجر: President Mahamadou Issoufou
  36.  نيجريا: Minister of Defence Mansur Dan Ali
  37.  عُمان: Deputy Prime Minister Fahd bin Mahmoud al Said[26]
  38.  پاكستان: Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif
  39.  قطر: Emir Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani
  40.  فلسطين: President Mahmoud Abbas
  41.  السنغال: President Macky Sall
  42.  سيراليون: President Ernest Bai Koroma
  43.  الصومال: President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed
  44.  السودان: Minister of State Taha al-Hussein[27]
  45.  سورينام: Minister of Foreign Affairs Yldiz Pollack-Beighle
  46.  طاجيكستان: President Emomali Rahmon[22]
  47.  توگو: President Faure Gnassingbé
  48.  تونس: President Beji Caid Essebsi
  49.  تركيا: Minister of Foreign Affairs Mevlut Cavusoglu
  50.  تركمنستان: Minister of Foreign Affairs Raşit Meredow
  51.  أوغندا: State Minister of Foreign Affairs for International Affairs Henry Oryem Okello
  52.  اوزبكستان: President Shavkat Mirziyoyev[28]
  53.  اليمن: President Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi
  54.  الإمارات العربية المتحدة: Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
  55.  الولايات المتحدة: President Donald Trump


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البلدان المنسحبة

King Salman and President Trump take part in the traditional ardah dance at the Murabba Palace. The Iranian government would go on employ this as symbolic of US complicity for the Saudi-led group's actions in the Qatari crisis.
  1.  المغرب: King Mohammed VI was scheduled to attend but cancelled his plans a week prior to the summit for unspecified reasons.[29]
  2.  السودان: President Omar al-Bashir declined to attend after officials at the U.S. Embassy in Riyadh registered their objections to his planned attendance. President al-Bashir is wanted by the International Criminal Court for genocide and war crimes.[27]

التبعات

Emboldened by Trump's criticism of Iran, many Arab countries decided to take action against their perceived enemies. Bahrain began cracking down on its Shi'ite majority, killing 5 and arresting 286 people. Bahrain also shut down an independent newspaper and outlawed country's last opposition group.[30]

On 5 June 2017, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Yemen, Egypt and Bahrain all announced they were cutting diplomatic ties with Qatar.[30] Hamid Aboutalebi, deputy chief of staff of Iran's President Hassan Rouhani, tweeted, "What is happening is the preliminary result of the sword dance," referring to Trump's conduct at the Summit.[31][32]

الثقافة العامة

An image of King Salman, U.S. President Trump, and Egyptian President el-Sisi touching an illuminated globe (see above) sparked a brief commotion on the Internet, particularly the social media website Twitter. Users dubbed the globe "the Orb" and made reference to various popular culture objects, such as the Palantír from J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings series and "The Orb of Peace" from Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace.[33][34] The Atlantic's James Parker later wrote that "Every presidency has iconic photographs. But there’s nothing else like this one."[35]

Noticing that Americans wanted to have their picture taken with the orb, the Saudi government gave it to the US embassy as a gift. The orb was initially put on display there, but ultimately put into storage.[36]

انظر أيضاً

المصادر

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وصلات خارجية

قالب:Saudi Arabia–United States relations