گلوستر متيور

گلوستر متيور
Meteor
Gloster Meteor F.4 VT340 Fairey Ringway 21.07.55 edited-2.jpg
Operational RAF Meteor F.4 in July 1955
الوظيفة مقاتلة
المـُصـَنـِّـع شركة طائرات گلوستر
أول تحليق 5 مارس 1943
قـُدِّمـَت 27 يوليو 1944
أحيلت للتقاعد 1980s (RAF target tugs/Ecuador combat roles)
المستخدم الرئيسي القوات الجوية الملكية
القوات الجوية الاسترالية الملكية
القوات الجوية البلجيكية
القوات الجوية الإسرائيلية
العدد المبني 3,947

گلوستر متيور Gloster Meteor ، أول مقاتلة بريطانية بمحرك نفاث ، كان أول تحليق لها في عام 1943، وبدأت عملياتها في 27 يوليو 1944 .

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التطور

التصميم

الخدمات التنفيذية

الحرب العالمية الثانية

Gloster Meteor F.3s with original short engine nacelles

بعد الحرب

المقاتلة الليلية

Operational Meteor NF.11 of No. 151 Squadron RAF in 1955
Privately owned Gloster Meteor NF.11 in 2005. Built by Armstrong Whitworth in 1952 at their Baginton (Coventry) factory.

الخدمة خلال الحرب الكورية

No. 77 Squadron RAAF pilots and Meteor aircraft in Korea

الخدمة في الأرجنتين

الخدمة في مصر

متيور القوات الجوية الفرنسية

متيور إسرائيلي

سجل الإعداد

The Sapphire Meteor WA820 on display at Farnborough Airshow in 1951

استخدامات أخرى

المتغيرات

گلوستر F.9/40
Prototypes, eight built -
  • DG202/G powered by two Rover W2B jet engines, first flown 24 July 1943.
  • DG203/G powered by two Power Jets W2/500 engines, first flown 9 November 1943.
  • DG204/G powered by two Metrovik F2 axial jet engines, unlike the other F.9/40s the engines were mounted under the wing, first flown 13 November 1943.
  • DG205/G powered by two Rover W2B/23 jet engines, first flown 12 June 1943.
  • DG206/G powered by two Halford H1 jet engines, the first to fly on 5 March 1943.
  • DG207/G powered by two Halford H1 jet engines, first flown 24 July 1945, became the prototype F.2 variant.
  • DG208/G powered by two Rover W2B/23 engines, first flown 20 January 1944.
  • DG209/G powered by two Rover W2B/27 engines, first flown 18 April 1944.
متيور F.1
First production aircraft built between 1943 and 1944, 20 built.
Meteor F.1, Trent turboprop
The sole Trent Meteor
One-off engine test bed, built 1945, designated EE227, for the new and highly successful Rolls-Royce Trent turboprop engine making it the world's first turboprop-powered aircraft.
متيور F.2
Alternative engined version – only one built.
متيور F.3
Derwent I powered with sliding canopy, first flown 11 September 1944, 210 built (first 15 were Welland-powered)
F.4, previously used by the Argentinian Air Force.
متيور F.4
Derwent 5 powered with strengthened fuselage, 489 built by Glosters and 46 by Armstrong Whitworth for the Royal Air Force. The F.4 was also exported to Argentina (50 aircraft), Belgium (48 aircraft), Denmark (20 aircraft), Egypt (12 aircraft), Netherlands (38 aircraft).
متيور FR.5
One-off fighter reconnaissance version of the F.4, fitted with vertical cameras in the nose instead of the four cannon and had obliques cameras in the fuselage, destroyed on maiden flight 15 June 1949.
متيور F.6
Proposed swept-wing variant of the F.4, not built.
متيور T.7
Two-seat trainer variant of the F.4, company prototype first flew 19 March 1948, 640 production aircraft for the Royal Air Force and the Royal Navy (43) and 72 for export (Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Egypt, France, Israel, Netherlands). Avions Fairey modified 20 Belgian Air Force F.4s to T.7 standard.
A77-871 (WK791) F.8, used by the Royal Australian Air Force
متيور F.8
Greatly improved from the F.4. Longer fuselage, greater fuel capacity, standard ejection seat and modified tail (derived from the E.1/44). This variant was a prolific frontline fighter in RAF squadron service, 1950–54.
Meteor F.8 Prone Pilot
One-off experimental prone pilot F.8, WK935 modified by Armstrong Whitworth.[1]
The sole "prone pilot" experimental testbed.
متيور FR.9
Fighter armed reconnaissance version of the F.8, first flown 23 March 1950, 126 built by Glosters for the Royal Air Force. Former RAF aircraft were later sold to Ecuador, Israel and Syria.
متيور PR.10
Photo reconnaissance version of the F.8, first flown 29 March 1950, 59 built for the Royal Air Force.
متيور NF.11
Night Fighter variant with Airborne Interception (AI) radar designed and built by Armstrong Whitworth, three prototypes followed by 311 production aircraft for the Royal Air Force and 20 for the Royal Danish Air Force.
متيور NF.12
Longer nosed version of the NF.11 with American AN/APS-21 radar, this was balanced by a slightly larger fin, first flown on 21 April 1953, 100 built by Armstrong Whitworth.
متيور NF.13
Tropicalised version of the NF.11 to replace the Mosquito NF.36 for service with 39 Squadron in Malta and Cyprus and 219 Squadron based in Egypt. The first of 40 production aircraft built by Armstrong Whitworth was first flown on 21 December 1952. Former Royal Air Force aircraft were later sold to Egypt (6 aircraft), France (2 aircraft), Israel (6 aircraft) and Syria (6 aircraft).
متيور NF.14
NF.11 with new two-piece blown canopy rather than the heavy-framed version. It also had a longer nose giving a length of 51 ft 4 in. Protoype modified from an NF.11 was first flown 23 October 1953 and was followed by 100 production aircraft built by Armstrong Whitworth for the Royal Air Force.
متيور U.15
Target drone conversion of the F.4, 92 modified by Flight Refuelling Ltd.[2]
متيور U.16
Target drone conversion of the F.8, 108 modified by Flight Refuelling.[2]
متيور TT.20
High speed target towing conversion of the NF.11 for the Royal Navy by Armstrong Whitworth, 20 former Royal Air Force NF.11s were modified. Four additional conversions of four NF.11s of Royal Danish Air Force, after conversion these were flown by civil operators on behalf of the Danish military.[3]
متيور U.21
Target drone conversion of the F.8 for the Royal Australian Air Force by Flight Refuelling, some aircraft modified in Australia by Fairey Aviation of Australasia using Flight Refueling supplied modification kits.[2]
Ground Attack Fighter
Also known as the Reaper, it was a F.8 modified by Gloster as a private venture ground attack fighter. The modification allowed the carriage of external Rocket-Assisted Take-Off Gear (RATOG), added a ventral cannon and tip tanks. First flown 4 September 1950, only one was built.[4]


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المشغلون

مشغلون عسكريون

Flag of Argentina.svg الأرجنتين
  • Argentine Air Force ordered 100 F.4s in May 1947, comprising 50 ex-RAF aircraft and 50 newly built.[5] Deliveries started in July that year,[6] the Meteor remaining in service until 1970, when the last examples were replaced by Dassault Mirage IIIs.[7]
Flag of Australia.svg أستراليا
Flag of Belgium.svg بلجيكا
  • Belgian Air Force received 40 aircraft of F.4 variant, 43 of T.7 variant, 240 of F.8 variant and 24 aircraft of NF.11 variant.
 بيافرا
Flag of Brazil.svg البرازيل
  • Brazilian Air Force received 62 aircraft in F.8 and TF.7 variants.
  • 2°/1°GAvCa
  • 1°/1°GAvCa
  • 1°/14°GAv
 كندا
  • Royal Canadian Air Force — from 1945 to 1950, one Meteor III and Meteor T.7 were used for tests and evaluation by the RCAF.
Flag of Denmark.svg الدنمارك
Flag of Ecuador.svg إكوادور
 مصر
Flag of France.svg فرنسا
 ألمانيا الغربية
  • Luftwaffe – Meteor TT.20 target towing aircraft.
 إسرائيل
Flag of the Netherlands.svg هولندا
Flag of New Zealand.svg نيوزيلندا
 جنوب أفريقيا
Flag of Sweden.svg السويد
 سوريا
Flag of the United Kingdom.png المملكة المتحدة
 الولايات المتحدة

مشغلون مدنيون

Flag of the United Kingdom.png المملكة المتحدة
Preserved Meteor NF11 displays at Kemble, إنگلترة, in 2009

الناجون

المقالة الرئيسية: قائمة الناجون من گلوستر متيور


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مواصفات (متيور F.8)

قالب:3-view قالب:3-view

البيانات من The Great Book of Fighters[13] and Quest for Performance[14]

السمات العامة

الأداء

التسليح

انظر أيضا

طائرات شبيهة

قوائم ذات صلة

المصادر

الهوامش
الاستشهادات
  1. ^ "Jet Pilot Flies on His Stomach in British Experiment." Popular Mechanics, July 1954, p. 139.
  2. ^ أ ب ت James 1987, pp. 300–302.
  3. ^ James 1987, pp. 302–303.
  4. ^ James 1987, pp. 283–286.
  5. ^ James 1971, p. 262.
  6. ^ Cicaleso, del Gaizo and Rivas 2003, p. 69.
  7. ^ Cicaleso, del Gaizo and Rivas 2003, p. 72.
  8. ^ Williams Aeroplane Monthly July 1995, p. 44.
  9. ^ Williams Aeroplane Monthly July 1995, pp. 46–47.
  10. ^ Jefford 2001, p. 175.
  11. ^ Caruana and Franks 2004, pp. 124–125.
  12. ^ Sturtivant, Ray and Theo Ballance. The Squadrons of the Fleet Air Arm. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd, 1994. ISBN 0-85130-223-8.
  13. ^ Green 2001
  14. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Loftin
قائمة المراجع
  • Andrews, C.F. "The Gloster Meteor F.8" Aircraft in Profile, Volume 1/Part1. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 4th revised edition 1975 (first published in 1965). ISBN 0-85383-410-5.
  • Ashley, Glenn. Meteor in Action. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc., 1995. ISBN 0-89747-332-9.
  • Bowyer, Chaz. Postwar Military Aircraft 2: Gloster Meteor. Shepperton, Surrey, UK: Ian Allen Ltd., 1985. ISBN 0-7110-1477-9.
  • Boyne, Walter J. Air Warfare: an International Encyclopedia: M-Z. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2002. ISBN 1-57607-345-9.
  • Butler, Phil and Tony Buttler. Gloster Meteor: Britain's Celebrated First-Generation Jet. Hersham, Surrey, UK: Midland Publishing, 2007. ISBN 1-85780-230-6.
  • Caruana, Richard J. and Richard A. Franks. The Gloster & AW Meteor. Kingsway, Bedford, UK: SAM Publications, 2004. ISBN 0-9533465-8-7.
  • Cicalesi, Juan Carlos and Santiago Rivas. "Argentina's Meteors: Latin America's first jet fighters". International Air Power Review, Volume 7, Winter 2002. pp. 120–128. Norwalk, Connecticut, USA: AIRtime Publishing. ISBN 1-880588-X. ISSN 1473-9917.
  • Cicalesi, Juan Carlos, César del Gaizo and Santiago Rivas. "Into the Jet Age: The Gloster Meteor in Argentina". Air Enthusiast No. 104, March/April 2003, pp. 68–73. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. ISSN 0143-5450.
  • Golly, John and Bill Gunston. Jet. Eloy Gutierrez, 2010. ISBN 1-90747-200-2.
  • Goulding, James. Interceptor: RAF Single Seat Multi-Gun Fighters. London: Ian Allen, 1986. ISBN 0-7110-1583-X.
  • Green, William and Gordon Swanborough. The Great Book of Fighters. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing, 2001. ISBN 0-7603-1194-3.
  • Harrison, W.A. "Forgotten Breed... The RAF's Last 'Shufti' Meteors". Air Enthusiast, No 93, May/June 2001, pp. 26–33. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. ISSN 0143 5450.
  • James, Derek N. Gloster Aircraft since 1917. London: Putnam, 1971. ISBN 0-370-00084-6.
  • Jefford, Wing Commander C.G., MBE,BA,RAF (Retd). RAF Squadrons, A Comprehensive Record of the Movement and Equipment of all RAF Squadrons and their Antecedents since 1912. Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing, 2001. ISBN 1-84037-141-2.
  • Jones, Barry. Gloster Meteor. Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire, UK: The Crowood Press Ltd., 1998. ISBN 1-86126-162-4.
  • King, H. F., M.B.E.. "Mars to Javelin, Gloster aircraft of forty years". Flight and Aircraft Engineer, May 1955, No. 2418 Vol. 67. p. 729.
  • Loftin, L.K. Jr. Quest for Performance: The Evolution of Modern Aircraft. NASA SP-468. Retrieved: 22 April 2006.
  • Mason, Francis K. The British Fighter Since 1912. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 1992. ISBN 1-55750-082-7.
  • Nicolle, David. "Suez: The Other Side: Part Two". Air Enthusiast, No 112, July/August 2004. pp. 48–57. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. ISSN 0143 5450.
  • Nicolle, David. "Suez: The Other Side: Part Three". Air Enthusiast, No 113, September/October2004. pp. 36–44. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. ISSN 0143 5450.
  • Nicolle, David. "Suez: The Other Side: Part Four". Air Enthusiast, No 112, November/December2004. pp. 52–60. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. ISSN 0143 5450.
  • Partridge, J.J. "The Gloster Meteor F.IV" Aircraft in Profile, Volume 4. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 2nd revised edition 1970 (original in 1966). ISBN 0-85383-013-4.
  • Pavelec, Sterling Michael. The Jet Race and the Second World War. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing, 2007. ISBN 0-27599-355-8.
  • Shacklady, Edward. The Gloster Meteor. London: Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 1962.
  • Spick, Mike. The Illustrated Directory of Fighters. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 2002. ISBN 0-76031-343-1.
  • Williams, Ray. "The Night-Fighting Meteor". Air Enthusiast, Twenty-five, August–November 1984, pp. 44–59. Bromley, Kent, UK: Fine Scroll. ISSN 0143-5450.
  • Williams, Ray. "Meteor Night Fighters: Part One". Aeroplane Monthly, April 1995, Vol. 23, No 4, Issue No. 264, pp. 6–10.
  • Williams, Ray. "Meteor Night Fighters: Part Two". Aeroplane Monthly, May 1995, Vol. 23, No 5, Issue No. 265, pp. 18–22.
  • Williams, Ray. "Meteor Night Fighters: Part Three". Aeroplane Monthly, June 1995, Vol. 23, No 6, Issue No. 266, pp. 10–24.
  • Williams, Ray. "Meteor Night Fighters: Part Four". Aeroplane Monthly, July 1995, Vol. 24 No 1, Issue No. 267, pp. 42–47.
  • Yonay, Ehud. No Margin for Error: The Making of the Israeli Air Force. New York: Pantheon Books, 1993. ISBN 978-0679415633.
  • Zuk, Bill. Janusz Zurakowski: Legends in the Sky. St. Catharine's, Ontario: Vanwell, 2004. ISBN 1-55125-083-7.

وصلات خارجية

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