التمرد على السفينة باونتي

For other uses, see التمرد على السفينة باونتي (توضيح).

The mutineers turning Lt Bligh and some of the officers and crew adrift from His Majesty's Ship Bounty, 29 April 1789. By Robert Dodd

التمرد على السفينة باونتي، تمرد حدث على ظهر السفينة باونتي التابعة للبحرية الملكية البريطانية في 28 أبريل 1789، وتناولته الكثير من الكتب، الأفلام والأغاني الشعبية. استولى المتمردون بقيادة فلتشر كريستيان على الباخرة بقيادة الكابتن وليم بلاي في المحيط الهادئ الجنوبي. ولقد ألقي الكابتن بلاي و18 ملاحًا من غير المتمردين خارج الباخرة في مركب صغير. في عام 1790، استقر تسعة من المتمردين في جزيرة پيتكيرن، أحضر البحارة معهم 19 بولينيزيًا وهم ستة رجال و12 امرأة وبنتًا صغيرة.

وبحلول عام 1808 عندما اكتشفت باخرة أمريكية مكان اختباء المتمردين، كان كل الرجال ماعدا جون آدمز، قد توفوا ولكنهم تركوا خمسة وعشرين طفلاً. وفي عام 1856 انتقل الكثير من أهالي پيتكيرن، إلى جزيرة نورفوك.

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 باونتي

المقالة الرئيسية: باونتي

 ما بعد التمرد

 رحلة بلاي

William Bligh in 1814, many years after the events described here.

 المتمردون على جزيرة پيتكيرن

Map showing Bounty's movements in the Pacific Ocean, 1788–1790

  Voyage of Bounty to Tahiti and to location of the mutiny, 28 April 1789

  Movements of Bounty after the mutiny, under Christian's command

  Course of Bligh's open-boat journey to Coupang

 تفاصيل المهمة

 أحداث المهمة

1787

• 16 August: William Bligh is ordered to command a breadfruit gathering expedition to Tahiti
• 3 September: HMAV Bounty launched from the drydock at Deptford
• 4–9 October: Bounty navigated with a partial crew to an ammunition loading station, south of Deptford
• 10–12 October: Onload of arms and weapons at Long Reach
• 15 October - 4 November: Navigated to Spithead for final crew and stores onload
• 29 November: Made anchor at St Helens, Isle of Wight
• 23 December: Departed English waters for Tahiti

1788

• 5–10 January: Anchored off Tenerife, Canary Islands
• 5 February: Crossed equator at 21.50 degrees West
• 26 February: Marked at 100 leagues from the eastern coast of البرازيل
• 23 March: Arrived Tierra del Fuego
• 9 April: Entered the Strait of Magellan
• 25 April: Abandoned attempt to round Cape Horn and turned east
• 22 May: Within sight of the Cape of Good Hope
• 24 May - 29 June: Anchored at Simon's Bay
• 28 July: Within sight of Saint Paul's Island, west of Van Diemen's Land
• 20 August - 2 September: Anchored Van Diemen's Land
• 19 September: Past the southern tip of New Zealand
• 26 October: Arrived Tahiti
• 25 December: Shifted moores to Owharre Harbor, Huahine, Society Islands

1789

• 4 April: Weighed anchor from Huahine
• 23–25 April: Anchored for provisions off of Annamooka (Tonga)
• 26 April: Departed Annamooka for the West Indies
• 28 April: Mutiny on the Bounty. Captain Bligh and loyal crew members set adrift in the Bounty's launch

From this point, Captain Bligh's mission log reflects the voyage of the Bounty launch towards the Dutch East Indies.

• 29 April: Bounty launch arrives at Tofua
• 2 May: Bounty launch castaways flee Tofua after being attacked by natives
• 28 May: Landfall on a small island north of New Hebrides. Named "Restoration Island" by Captain Bligh
• 30–31 May: Bounty launch transits to a second nearby island, named "Sunday Island"
• 1–2 June: Bounty launch transits forty two miles to a third island, named "Turtle Island"
• 3 June: Bounty launch sails into the open ocean towards Australia
• 13 June: Bounty launch lands at Timor
• 14 June: Launch castaways circle Timor and land at Coupang. Mutiny is reported to Dutch authorities

Captain Bligh's mission log from this point reflects his return to England onboard various merchant vessels and sailing ships.

• 20 August - 10 September: Sailed via schooner to Pasuruan, Java
• 11–12 September: In transit to Surabaya
• 15–17 September: In transit to the town of Crissey, Madura Strait
• 18–22 September: In transit to Semarang
• 26 September - 1 October: In transit to Batavia (Jakarta)
• 16 October: Sailed for Europe onboard the Dutch packet SS Vlydte
• 16 December: Arrived Cape of Good Hope

1790

• 13 January: Sailed from Cape of Good Hope for England
• 13 March: Arrived Portsmouth Harbor

 قائمة الطاقم

الصفحة الأولة من قائمة بلاي للمتمردين - بادئة بفلتشر كرستيان .

طاقم السفينة باونتي في 1788-89

التصنيف	الاسم	الرتبة	حالة التمرد	هوامش
الضباط المفوضون	عقيد ويليام بلاي	Commanding Lieutenant		Acting Purser
Wardroom Officers	John Fryer	Sailing Master	loyal	died at Wells-next-the-Sea on 26 May 1817
	Fletcher Christian	Master's Mate	mutinied	to Pitcairn; killed 20 September 1793
	William Elphinstone	Master's Mate	loyal	died in Batavia October 1789
	Thomas Huggan	Surgeon		died in Tahiti 9 December 1788 before mutiny
Cockpit Officers	John Hallett	Midshipman	loyal	Died 1794 of illness
	Thomas Hayward	Midshipman	loyal	Died 1798 in shipwreck
	Thomas Ledward	Surgeon's Mate	loyal	promoted to Surgeon after death of Thomas Huggan; presumed lost at sea in sinking of Welfare 1789 but reported to have been ship surgeon on HMS Discovery in 1791 and died several years later
	John Samuel	Clerk	loyal
Warrant Officers	William Cole	Boatswain	loyal
	Charles Churchill	Master-at-Arms (Ship's Corporal)	mutinied	to Tahiti; murdered by Matthew Thomson in Tahiti April 1790 prior to trial
	William Peckover	Gunner	loyal
	Joseph Coleman	Armourer	loyal	detained on Bounty against his will; to Tahiti; tried and acquitted
	Peter Linkletter	Quartermaster	loyal	died in Batavia October 1789
	John Norton	Quartermaster	loyal	killed by natives in Tofua 2 May 1789
	Lawrence LeBogue	Sailmaker	loyal	went with Bligh; arrived safely in England - did join Bligh on the second breadfruit expedition
	Henry Hillbrandt	Cooper	mutinied	to Tahiti; drowned in irons during wreck of Pandora 29 August 1791
	William Purcell	Carpenter	loyal
	David Nelson	Botanist (civilian)	loyal	died 20 July 1789 at Coupang
Midshipmen mustered as Able Seamen	Peter Heywood	Midshipman	loyal	detained against will on Bounty; to Tahiti; sentenced to death, but pardoned; aka Roger Byam in novels by Charles Nordhoff & James Norman Hall
	George Stewart	Midshipman	loyal	detained against will on Bounty; to Tahiti; killed after being hit by gangway at wreck of Pandora 29 August 1791
	Robert Tinkler	Midshipman	loyal
	Ned Young	Midshipman	mutinied	to Pitcairn; died 25 December 1800
Petty Officers	James Morrison	Boatswain's Mate	loyal	stayed on Bounty; to Tahiti; sentenced to death, but pardoned
	George Simpson	Quartermaster's Mate	loyal
	John Williams	Armourer's Mate	mutinied	to Pitcairn; killed 20 September 1793
	Thomas McIntosh	Carpenter's Mate	loyal	detained against will on Bounty; to Tahiti; tried and acquitted
	Charles Norman	Carpenter's Mate	loyal	detained against will on Bounty; to Tahiti; tried and acquitted
	John Mills	Gunner's Mate	mutinied	to Pitcairn; killed 20 September 1793
	William Muspratt	Tailor	mutinied	to Tahiti; sentenced to death, but released on appeal and pardoned
	John Smith	Steward	loyal	went with Bligh; arrived safely in England - did join Bligh on the second breadfruit expedition
	Thomas Hall	Cook	loyal	died from a tropical disease (probably malaria) in Batavia on 11 October 1789
	Richard Skinner	Barber	mutinied	to Tahiti; drowned in irons during wreck of Pandora 29 August 1791
	William Brown	Botanist's Assistant	mutinied	to Pitcairn; killed 20 September 1793
	Robert Lamb	Butcher	loyal	died at sea 11 October 1789 en route Batavia to Cape Town
Able Seamen	John Adams	Able Seaman	mutinied	to Pitcairn; pardoned 1825, died 1829; aka Alexander Smith
	Thomas Burkitt	Able Seaman	mutinied	to Tahiti; condemned and hanged 29 October 1792 at Spithead
	Michael Byrne	Able Seaman	loyal	detained against will on Bounty; to Tahiti; tried and acquitted
	Thomas Ellison	Able Seaman	mutinied	to Tahiti; condemned and hanged 29 October 1792 at Spithead
	Isaac Martin	Able Seaman	mutinied	to Pitcairn; killed 20 September 1793
	William McCoy	Able Seaman	mutinied	to Pitcairn; committed suicide 1797/98
	John Millward	Able Seaman	mutinied	condemned and hanged 29 October 1792 at Spithead
	Matthew Quintal	Able Seaman	mutinied	to Pitcairn; "executed" 1799 by Adams and Young
	John Sumner	Able Seaman	mutinied	to Tahiti; drowned in irons during wreck of Pandora 29 August 1791
	Matthew Thompson	Able Seaman	mutinied	to Tahiti; murdered Apr. 1790 prior to trial
	James Valentine	Ordinary Seaman		died of scurvy at sea 9 October 1788 prior to mutiny

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 التمرد في الثقافة العامة

Actor Charles Laughton as Bligh in the 1935 version of Mutiny on the Bounty.

 انظر أيضا

• Ship replica (including a list of replicas)
• HMS Hermione scene of a far more bloody mutiny in 1797
• Descendants of the Bounty Mutineers
• Batavia (ship) equally brutal events after the shipwreck of a Dutch ship
• Pitcairn Islands
• Pitcairn Neighborhood Located in Tomball, TX is the neighborhood named Pitcairn. Included are street names Pirate's Cove, High Sea, Island, Bounty, Mutiny, Mutineer named after the famous Mutiny.
• Heywood Manuscript

 المصادر

• Dening, Greg (26 يونيو 1992). Mr. Bligh's Bad Language: Passion, Power and Theatre on the Bounty. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521383707.
• Alexander, Caroline (2003). The Bounty: The True Story of the Mutiny on the Bounty. Viking Penguin. ISBN 0-670-03133-X.
• Conway, Christiane (2005). Letters from the Isle of Man - The Bounty-Correspondence of Nessy and Peter Heywood. Isle of Man: The Manx Experience. ISBN 1-873120-77-X.
• William Bligh - Meuterei auf der Bounty, Erdmann Verlag Tuebingen . Description of actual travel logs by W. Bligh, published 1791 and 1793 by Georg Forster and his father in Berlin as "Magazin von merkwuerdigen neuen Reisebeschreibungen"

 قراءات إضافية

• A Voyage to the South Sea, undertaken by command of His Majesty, for the purpose of conveying the bread-fruit tree to the West Indies, in His Majesty's Ship the Bounty, commanded by Lieutenant William Bligh. by William Bligh, 1792, from Project Gutenberg. Bligh's own account of the mutiny
• The Eventful History of the Mutiny and Piratical Seizure of H.M.S. Bounty: Its Cause and Consequences by Sir John Barrow, published in 1831, from Project Gutenberg
• Mutiny on the Bounty - An English Graphical Bibliography
• Mutiny on the Bounty Text of original narratives, journals, documents, letters, court martial transcripts, and the Bounty's logbook.
• A Bounty of Science
• HMS Pandora (at the Museum of Tropical Queensland web site)
• History of Pitcairn
• Pitcairn - The Early History from original sources
• Pitcairn Island Study Center
• William Bligh, "The Bounty Mutiny: Captain William Bligh's Firsthand Account of the Last Voyage of HMS Bounty". St Petersburg, Florida, Red and Black Publishers, 2008, ISBN 978-1-934941-06-5
• Caroline Alexander, "The Bounty: The True Story of the Mutiny on the Bounty". New York: Penguin, 2003. ISBN 978-0142004692
• Morrison, James (1935). The journal of James Morrison, boatswain's mate of the Bounty, describing the mutiny & subsequent misfortunes of the mutineers, together with an account of the island of Tahiti. Golden Cockerel Press.
• Howard, Richard A (March 1953), "Captain Bligh and the Breadfruit", Scientific American: 88–94 . Reprinted in Human Nutrition". "Readings from Scientific American" series (1978).
• Walters, Stephen S., ed. The Voyage of the Bounty Launch: John Fryer's Narrative. London: Guildford, 1979, and various private and boutique publishers.
• Young, Rosalind Amelia (1894; 2003). Mutiny of the Bounty and the story of Pitcairn Island,: 1790-1894. University Press of the Pacific. ISBN 141020846X. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)

 وصلات خارجية

سفن مقلدة

• سفن أستخدمت في فيلم 1935
• The replica of HMS Bounty built for the 1962 MGM movie
• The Bounty built for the 1984 Mel Gibson/Anthony Hopkins Movie