جزيرة كوتلني

Coordinates: 75°20′N 141°00′E / 75.333°N 141.000°E / 75.333; 141.000
(تم التحويل من Kotlin Island)
Kotelny
RussiaKotelniy.png
Location of Kotelny Island in the Russian Federation
Kotelny is located in جمهورية ساخا
Kotelny
Kotelny
الجغرافيا
الموقعEast Siberian Sea
الإحداثيات75°20′N 141°00′E / 75.333°N 141.000°E / 75.333; 141.000
الأرخبيلNew Siberian Islands
إجمالي الجزر7
الجزر الرئيسية3
المساحة23,165 km2 (8,944 sq mi)
أعلى منسوب361 m (1٬184 ft)
أعلى نقطةMalakatyn-Tas
الإدارة
Russia
RepublicYakutia
السكان
التعداد2 (2017)
الكثافة السكانية0٫000086 /km2 (0٫000223 /sq mi)
الجماعات العرقيةNone

جزيرة كوتلني (روسية: Остров Котельный, النطق Ostrov Kotelny؛ بالياقوتية: Олгуйдаах Aрыы؛ إنگليزية: Kotelny Island) هي جزء من المجموعة الفرعية جزر آنژو ضمن الجزر السيبيرية الجديدة الواقعة بين بحر لاپتيڤ و بحر شرق سيبريا في المحيط القطبي الشمالي الروسي. وتتبع ادارياً وبلدياً Bulunsky District.

Kotelny, Faddeyevsky and Bunge Land are usually named as separate islands on most 20th century maps, although sometimes on the newest maps the name "Kotelny" is applied to the whole island. A flat, low-lying, plain connecting both is known as Bunge Land (روسية: Земля Бунге).

The total area of Kotelny Island is 23,165 km2.[1] Kotelny is one of the 50 largest islands in the world.[2] These merged islands are a practically uninhabited territory belonging to Yakutia of the Russian Federation.

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التاريخ

The island was officially discovered by a Russian merchant and hunter, Ivan Lyakhov, with the merchant Protod’yakonov, in 1773. In 1770, Ivan Lyakhov noticed reindeer tracks heading seaward across the sea ice. In 1773, he and Protod’yakonov discovered the Lyakhovsky Islands by boat using the bearing of these tracks. Continuing from the Lyakhovsky Islands, they discovered Kotelny Island and named it "Kettle Island" after a copper kettle, which they found while exploring it. The person(s), who visited Kotelny Island and left the copper kettle, is unknown.[3] Formerly this island had been known as "Thaddeus Island" or "Thaddeus Islands" in some maps.



الجزر المجاورة

الجيولوجيا

المناخ

Kotelny Island has a harsh arctic climate, with temperatures only reaching above freezing briefly in the short summer months.

Climate data for جزيرة كوتلني
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) −7.2
(19.0)
−3.3
(26.1)
−4.8
(23.4)
1.2
(34.2)
6.2
(43.2)
22.4
(72.3)
25.1
(77.2)
20.2
(68.4)
11.8
(53.2)
1.8
(35.2)
−2.5
(27.5)
−3.1
(26.4)
25.1
(77.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −26.1
(−15.0)
−26.4
(−15.5)
−24.2
(−11.6)
−16.9
(1.6)
−6.2
(20.8)
1.4
(34.5)
5.7
(42.3)
4.3
(39.7)
0.3
(32.5)
−8.1
(17.4)
−18.2
(−0.8)
−23.8
(−10.8)
−11.5
(11.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) −29.3
(−20.7)
−29.7
(−21.5)
−27.5
(−17.5)
−20.3
(−4.5)
−8.6
(16.5)
−0.4
(31.3)
2.9
(37.2)
2.1
(35.8)
−1.2
(29.8)
−10.7
(12.7)
−21.5
(−6.7)
−27.0
(−16.6)
−14.3
(6.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −32.6
(−26.7)
−32.9
(−27.2)
−30.9
(−23.6)
−24.2
(−11.6)
−11.4
(11.5)
−2.1
(28.2)
0.6
(33.1)
0.2
(32.4)
−3.0
(26.6)
−13.7
(7.3)
−24.8
(−12.6)
−30.3
(−22.5)
−17.1
(1.2)
Record low °C (°F) −44.9
(−48.8)
−49.9
(−57.8)
−46.1
(−51.0)
−46.2
(−51.2)
−28.6
(−19.5)
−14.9
(5.2)
−6.0
(21.2)
−9.2
(15.4)
−18.6
(−1.5)
−40.2
(−40.4)
−40.2
(−40.4)
−45.0
(−49.0)
−49.9
(−57.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 7
(0.3)
5
(0.2)
6
(0.2)
8
(0.3)
9
(0.4)
17
(0.7)
26
(1.0)
23
(0.9)
23
(0.9)
16
(0.6)
7
(0.3)
7
(0.3)
154
(6.1)
Average rainy days 0 0 0 0.1 1 8 15 15 9 0.4 0 0 49
Average snowy days 15 16 16 15 22 16 8 11 22 26 18 16 201
Average relative humidity (%) 82 82 82 83 87 90 90 91 90 88 84 82 86
Mean monthly sunshine hours 0 7 147 283 197 178 168 100 44 14 0 0 1٬138
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[4]
Source 2: NOAA (sun 1961–1990)[5]

الأهمية الاستراتيجية

في الثقافة الشعبية

Part of the action of Jules Verne's novel César Cascabel (1890), takes place on Kotelny Island. There the European protagonists encounter 350–400 members of a "Finnish tribe" who make their living by whaling and sealing.[6]

انظر أيضاً


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الهامش

  1. ^ Great Soviet Encyclopedia
  2. ^  Kropotkin, Peter (1911). "New Siberia Archipelago" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). دائرة المعارف البريطانية. Vol. 19 (eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 536–537. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  3. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Mills1
  4. ^ "Weather and Climate-The Climate of Kotelny Island" (in الروسية). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  5. ^ "Kotel'nyj Island (Kotelny Island) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  6. ^ Verne, Jules (1890). "Part 2, Chapter V: Liakhov Islands". Caesar Cascabel. trans. by A. Estoclet. New York: Cassell Publishing Company.

للاستزادة

وصلات خارجية

قالب:World's largest islands