الاتحاد للقطارات

(تم التحويل من Etihad Rail)
الاتحاد للقطارات
Etihad Rail
استعراض
المقر الرئيسي6 شارع الملتقى، أبو ظبي، الإمارات العربية المتحدة
Localeالإمارات العربية المتحدة
تواريخ التشغيليونيو 2009–الحاضر
المالك
تقنية
عرض السكة الحديدية1.435 ملم
الطول900 كم
أخـَر
الموقع الإلكترونيetihadrail.ae
شبكة الاتحاد للقطارات
المفتاح
 الامتداد المقترح إلى السعودية
معبر الغويفات الحدودي
محطة براكة للطاقة النووية
الرويس (depot)
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق غياثي
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق خليفة بن زايد الدولي
منطقة الرويس الصناعية
المرفأ (depot)
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق سلامة بنت بطي
الطارف (تقاطع)
مدينة زايد
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق ذياب بن عيسى
شاه
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق اللواء-أبو ظبي
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق خليفة بن زايد الدولي
مدينة أبو ظبي الصناعية
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق الروضة
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق العين
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق الفاية
الفاية (depot)
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق سويحان
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق الطاف
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق محمد بن راشد
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق مكتوم بن راشد
الخليج العربي
ميناء خليفة
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق الفقع
الليان (depot)
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق الفاية
مدينة دبي الصناعية
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق جبل علي-لهباب
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق الإمارات
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - شارع الياليس
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - شارع زايد بن حمدان
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق محمد بن زايد
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق الشيخ زايد
ميناء جبل علي
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق القدرة
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق دبي - العين
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - Al Awir Road
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value)./خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق مليحة (مترو الشارقة)Metro interchange
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - شارع أم القيوين - الشويب
Ghayl
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق الذيد - الساحل الشرقي
جبال الحجر
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق مكتوم بن راشد
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Jctrdt على السطر 216: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a boolean value). - طريق يبسا العابر
جبال الحجر
ميناء الفجيرة

الاتحاد للقطارات، هي الشركة المطورة والمشغلة لشبكة السكك الحديدية الوطنية الإماراتية. تأسست الشركة في يونيو 2019 بموجب القانون الاتحادي رقم 2 لإدارة وتطوير، إنشاء وتشغيل شبكة السكك الحديدية الوطنية الإماراتية للركب والشحن.[1] يربط مشروع الاتحاد للقطارات الموانئ الرئيسية ومراكز الصناعة في الإمارات، وسيربط هذه المراكز بخطوط السكك الحديدية الأخرى في جميع أنحاء مجلس التعاون الخليجي.[1]

يُطور مشروع الاتحاد للقطارات بما يتماشى مع رؤية أبو ظبي الاقتصادية 2030 ورؤية الإمارات 2021، والتي بدورها تساهم في التنويع الاقتصادي من خلال مبادرات استراتيجية تهدف إلى تعزيز النمو الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والتنويع في الإمارات.[2]

بدأت العمليات التجارية للمرحلة الأولى في يناير 2016، في الموعد المحدد وفي حدود الميزانية.[1][3] كانت شركة Etihad Rail DB هي المشغل للمرحلة الأولى، وهي مشروع مشترك بين شركة الاتحاد للقطارات دي بي وشركة دويتشه بان، أكبر مشغل للسكك الحديدية في أوروپ، والذي تأسس عام 2013.[4] عام 2022، انتقلت شركة الاتحاد للقطارات إلى نموذج التشغيل الذاتي بعد اختتام برنامج نقل المعرفة مع شركة السكك الحديدية الألمانية دويتشه بان.[5]

بدأت عمليات المرحلة الثانية في فبراير 2023، وبذلك امتدت شبكة قطارات الاتحاد إلى 900 كيلومتر.[6]

اعتباراً من عام 2026، أصبحت خدمات الشحن جاهزة للعمل، بينما لم تبدأ خدمات نقل الركاب بعد. وتجري حالياً أعمال بناء المحطات وغيرها من المرافق المتعلقة بالركاب، ومن المتوقع أن تبدأ عمليات التشغيل في وقت لاحق من هذا العام.[7]

التاريخ

In 2004, the six countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council commissioned a feasibility study regarding a railway network spanning the region.[8] Etihad Rail was founded in June 2009 following the passage of Federal Law No. 2.[1]

In April 2024, Etihad Rail and Oman Rail announced a new joint venture, Hafeet Rail, that will construct 300 km (190 mi) of new railway to connect the Etihad Rail network at Abu Dhabi with the port of Sohar, Oman, passing through Al Ain.[9]

المرحلة الأولى

264 km (164 mi) long Stage One of Etihad Rail connecting the inland gas fields of Liwa and Shah to the port town of Ruwais, became operational in January 2016.[3]

المرحلة الثانية

Construction of 605 كيلومتر (376 mi) long[3] on Stage Two, which runs from Ghuweifat, on the border of Saudi Arabia, to Fujairah, on the UAE's eastern coast, began in 2020.[1] The first track for Stage Two was laid in early 2021.[1] Stage Two opened on February 28, 2023.[1]

الحوكمة

الاسم [10] اللقب
الشيخ ذياب بن محمد بن زايد آل نهيان المدير العام
مطر الطاير عضو مجلس الإدارة
محمد علي آل شرافة عضو مجلس الإدارة
محمد سعيد الظهناني عضو مجلس الإدارة
سعيد راشد اليتيم عضو مجلس الإدارة
حسن جمعة المنصوري عضو مجلس الإدارة
صلاح بن بطي المهيري عضو مجلس الإدارة
منصور محمد الملا عضو مجلس الإدارة
بطي المهيري ممثل الشباب

شبكة السكك الحديدية

نظرة عامة

The network, when complete, will be approximately 1،200 كيلومتر (750 mi) in length, will connect all seven of its emirates, and will link the UAE to the KSA via Ghuweifat in the west running to Fujairah on the east coast.[8] The network will use diesel traction, with the potential to electrify in the future.

Etihad Rail's freight trains will reach speeds up to 120 km/h (75 mph),[11] and its passenger trains will reach speeds up to 200 km/h (120 mph).[8]

The network will use standard gauge, mainly double track, be designed for mixed-use traffic, use a European signaling system (ETCS level 2), and have heavy haul 32.5 tonnes axle loads and the loading gauge on the track accommodates double stack containers.

المرحلة الأولى: شاه– الحبشان– الرويس (دخلت الخدمة)

Etihad Rail completed Stage One of the network in January 2016,[3] delivered on schedule and within budget.[1] The route spans 264 km (164 mi), transporting granulated sulphur from sources at Shah and Habshan to the processing and export point at Ruwais.[3][8] It currently has the capacity to transport 22,000 tonnes of granulated sulphur each day.[3]

The operator of Stage One was Etihad Rail DB, which was a joint venture between Etihad Rail and Deutsche Bahn, Europe's largest railway operator, which was set up in 2013.[12] Etihad Rail DB was responsible for the operations and maintenance of Stage One of the railway network for Etihad Rail's primary customer, the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company.[13]

In 2022, Etihad Rail moved to a self-operating model after concluding knowledge transfer programme with Deutsche Bahn, with this, the Etihad Rail DB was dissolved.[14]

Stage One utilises seven locomotives from U.S.-based Electro-Motive Diesel, equipped with the ETCS Level 2 in-cab European signalling system and international standard safety features.[15] In addition, it is operating with up to 110 wagons per run, equipped with safety features including ECPB brakes and derailment protection.[3]

المرحلة الثانية: الغويفات– الفجيرة (دخلت الخدمة)

Stage Two opened on February 28, 2023. It extends 605 كيلومتر (376 mi) from Ghuwaifat on the border with Saudi Arabia to Fujairah on the east coast.[3]

Stage Two PMC & Engineering Contracts were awarded in 2018 to Egis Group and Jacobs Solutions respectively, for development and supervision of the next phase from Ghuwaifat in the west to Fujairah on the east coast.[16]

Package A running for 139 كيلومتر (86 mi) from Ghuwaifat to Ruwais (where the route links with Stage One of the network), became the first rail connection between the UAE and Saudi Arabia.[17] Contracts for the Design and Build of Package A were awarded to a joint venture between the China State Construction Engineering Corporation and South Korea's SK Engineering and Construction.[3]

Packages B and C of the network, which connect Stage One to Abu Dhabi and Dubai, were awarded to a joint venture between the China Railway Construction Corporation and the Ghantoot Transport & General Contracting Company.[3] Package B linked with Stage One at Tarif and run for 216 كيلومتر (134 mi) to Saih Shuaib and Package C from Saih Shuaib to Sharjah runs for 94 كيلومتر (58 mi) with a spur connection to Jebel Ali.[3]

Package D, running for 145 كيلومتر (90 mi), connected to the port of Fujairah in continuation of Stage Two Package C from the Dubai/Sharjah Border, passing through the Emirates of Sharjah, Fujairah and Ras al-Khaimah.[3] The contract for Package D was awarded to a joint venture of the China Railway Construction Corporation and National Projects and Construction, NPC.[3] Package D included the construction of 35 bridges to span road systems, valleys and wadis, 32 underpasses and 15 tunnels, totaling 16 كيلومتر (9.9 mi), through the Al Hajar Mountains using blast-tunneling technology.[18]

A systems and integration contract was awarded to Hitachi Rail STS for the supply of European Rail Traffic Management System technology and related equipment across the network.[19] A freight facilities contract was awarded to a joint venture of Larsen & Toubro and Power China International, to construct freight facilities for the railway network.[citation needed] Under the terms of the contract, the two companies were jointly responsible for the surveying, design, construction, equipment installation, testing and pre-commissioning of each facility.[citation needed] Etihad Rail built a series of freight facilities in Ruwais, Industrial City of Abu Dhabi (ICAD), Khalifa Port, Dubai Industrial City, Jebel Ali Port, Al Ghayl & Fujairah Port capable of undertaking all loading and unloading operations, in addition to providing container storage and maintenance.[citation needed]

Progress Rail was contracted to design, manufacture, test, and ship 38 EMD locomotives specially designed to withstand the high temperatures and humidity of the gulf region. Additionally, the locomotives are equipped with a state-of-the-art air filtration system that filters sand from the air intake and pulse cleaning systems, ensuring effective and efficient operations.[20]

A contract for an operations and management facility in Al Faya was awarded to a joint venture led by Vinci Construction France. The facility is the largest facility for the network; it is responsible for warehousing, installations, operations, and the maintenance of locomotives and wagons.[21]

المرحلة الثالثة: دبي – الفجيرة – رأس الخيمة (مزمعة)

Stage 3 will connect Dubai to the northern Emirates of Fujairah and Ras al-Khaimah. The total track length will be 279 كيلومتر (173 mi).[22] There is no current timeline for this expansion.[23]

دبي أبوظبي، عالية السرعة (مزمعة)

In 2025, Etihad Rail announced a new 150-km high-speed train line between Abu Dhabi and Dubai. It will connect the two cities in 30 minutes, reaching speeds of up to 350 km/h. The line is expected to be operational by 2030.[24]

مشروعات في الخارج

In 2026, Paraguay signed a memorandum of understanding Etihad Rail to build a 44-km train line between Asunción and Ypacaraí.[25]

عربات السكك الحديدية

قطارات الديزل/الكهرباء

الطراز صورة أعلى سرعة الرقم ملاحظات بُنيت
ميل/ساعة كم/ساعة
Etihad Rail CAF push–pull train 124 200 Diesel-electric trainsets with 2 locomotive-like power cars and trailer cars seating 369 passengers.
Etihad Rail CRC push–pull train 124 200 Diesel-electric trainsets with 2 locomotive-like power cars and trailer cars seating 365 passengers.

قطارات الديزل

الطراز صورة أعلى سرعة الرقم ملاحظات بُنيت
ميل/ساعة كم/ساعة
EMD SD70ACS 45 [26] 2013-2020

الوقع

الوقع الجيوسياسي

Etihad Rail aims to provide transportation links between the UAE and its Gulf Cooperation Council neighbors,[1] and Stage Two of the railway is planned to connect to the border of Saudi Arabia.[1][3] Etihad Rail is part of the wider GCC Railway network that would connect all six Gulf Cooperation Council countries together.[8]

الوقع السياسي

A senior fellow at the Middle East Institute suggested that the progress on the project has been stunted by a high degree of sovereignty maintained by the UAE's individual emirates.[8] They suggested that this struggle reflected the relatively new concept of national centralization of political power.[8]

الوقع البيئي

According to Etihad Rail, one fully laden freight train trip on Stage One can replace approximately 300 trucks on the road,[3] resulting in approximately 70-80% less CO
2 emissions than trucks moving the same tonnage.[3][27] Rail transport lowers the cost of trade and improves the market position of existing industries, promoting their growth and leading to economic diversification through the creation of a new transport infrastructure and its related ecosystem.[citation needed]

Based on traffic volume forecasts, the Etihad Rail network will reduce greenhouse gases by more than 2.2 million tonnes annually: the equivalent of taking up to 375,000 vehicles off the roads.[citation needed]

The cost savings made by businesses that transfer their freight via rail will enable them to be more commercially successful and therefore contribute more to economic growth.[citation needed]

Estimated total benefits of emissions savings, accounting for truck freight and passengers moving from road to rail, is approximately AED24Bn over the next 50 years.[citation needed]

الوقع الاجتماعي

The railway will connect rural areas to cities, improving connectivity and generating wider economic benefits for these areas.[citation needed]

Etihad Rail projects the value of time saved for road users who will shift to the rail network, will amount to 10 billion Dirham over 40 years.[27]

Etihad Rail also projects a reduction in rates of automotive accidents on the country's roads due to this shift to rail, estimating that the rail will result in 670 fewer crashes and 52 fewer deaths annually.[27] They project that these impacts will amount to benefits totalling 20 billion Dirham over 40 years.[27]

الوقع الاقتصادي

Etihad Rail's website suggests that its railway will provide 186 billion Dirham in economic benefits over the course of 40 years, factoring in elements such as reduced transportation costs, as well as faster transportation times, lower emission impacts, and increased tourism generation.[27]

Cargo, whether intermodal, bulk or break-bulk, can often be carried on rail at rates which are more competitive than other means of transport.[citation needed] Rail is part of the overall infrastructure development program in the UAE and will stimulate economic growth in the UAE and support the diversification of the economy.[6]

The increase in land value of areas around rail stations will lead to revenue from leasing of potential residential, commercial and industrial developments, with a potential enhanced land value of AED23Bn over the next 50 years.[citation needed]

Etihad Rail estimates that its railway will generate an estimated 21 billion Dirham in tourism revenues over 40 years.[27]

Etihad Rail also estimates that its railway will result in fewer trips via road, reducing the need for road maintenance, resulting in road maintenance costs being reduced by 7 billion Dirham over 40 years.[27]

انظر أيضاً

المصادر

  1. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر "About Etihad Rail". etihadrail.ae. Archived from the original on 2021-07-05. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  2. ^ "Etihad Rail: A Key Economic project in UAE's Vision 2021, Abu Dhabi Economic Vision 2030". gulfnews.com (in الإنجليزية). 2023-04-16. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
  3. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط "Project Update". etihadrail.ae. Archived from the original on 7 يوليو 2021. Retrieved 7 يوليو 2021.
  4. ^ Dennehy, John (2023-05-16). "How Etihad Rail's freight service aims to cut travel times for UAE motorists". The National (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2023-06-21.
  5. ^ "Etihad Rail moves to a self-operating model after concluding knowledge transfer programme for the UAE National Railway Network with Deutsche Bahn". Etihad rail (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  6. ^ أ ب "Etihad Rail, United Arab Emirates (UAE)". Railway Technology (in الإنجليزية). 2024-07-05.
  7. ^ "Etihad Rail passenger service set to launch in 2026". The National (in الإنجليزية). 2025-05-15.
  8. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ "Fledgling UAE rail network step towards bridging the Gulf". France 24. 25 يونيو 2021. Archived from the original on 7 يوليو 2021. Retrieved 7 يوليو 2021.
  9. ^ "Construction of the Hafeet Rail railway". Railway Supply. 19 May 2024.
  10. ^ "Board of Directors".
  11. ^ Dennehy, John (2023-05-16). "How Etihad Rail's freight service aims to cut travel times for UAE motorists". The National (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  12. ^ Salian, Neesha (2022-09-27). "Etihad Rail concludes knowledge transfer programme with Deutsche Bahn" (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2023-07-04.[dead link]
  13. ^ Sharma, Alkesh (2022-11-29). "Etihad Rail joins forces with Borouge for sustainable transport". The National (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  14. ^ "Etihad Rail moves to a self-operating model after concluding knowledge transfer programme for the UAE National Railway Network with Deutsche Bahn". Etihad rail (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  15. ^ Nagraj, Aarti (2013-01-14). "MENA's Rail Projects Gather Speed | UAE News" (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2023-07-04.[dead link]
  16. ^ Tesorero, Angel. "Soon, ride luxury train from UAE to Oman: New service announced". Khaleej Times (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  17. ^ "Etihad Rail completes 139-kilometer track linking UAE, Saudi Arabia". Arab News (in الإنجليزية). 2021-09-30. Retrieved 2023-07-04.
  18. ^ "Etihad Rail awards contract for Package D linking project". Global Railway Review. 18 December 2019. Retrieved 2022-02-19.
  19. ^ "Etihad Rail awards $436m contract to Italy's Hitachi Rail STS". Construction Week Online. 2019-10-09. Retrieved 2022-02-19.
  20. ^ "Etihad Rail awards locomotives supply contract to Progress Rail". Construction Week Online. 2020-02-27. Retrieved 2022-02-19.
  21. ^ "Etihad Rail awards contract for construction of Al Faya O&M facility". Global Railway Review. 6 أبريل 2020. Retrieved 19 فبراير 2022.
  22. ^ "Etihad Rail awards Stage 2/3 consultancy contract".
  23. ^ "Etihad Rail: What is the new high-speed Abu Dhabi-Dubai route?".
  24. ^ Menteth, Thames (2025-01-28). "Civil works tendered for Abu Dhabi-Dubai high-speed rail". Ground Engineering (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2025-02-06.
  25. ^ Young, Andrew (2026-02-10). "Paraguay signs rail MoU with Etihad Rail". International Railway Journal (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). Retrieved 2026-02-23.
  26. ^ "Etihad Rail welcomes the first batches of its new state-of-the-art fleet of trains". www.etihadrail.ae (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2026-01-23.
  27. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ "Rail Benefits". www.etihadrail.ae. Archived from the original on 26 يناير 2021. Retrieved 7 يوليو 2021.

وصلات خارجية

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