پروكسيد الأسيتون

پروكسيد الأسيتون

[Cyclic dimer and trimer examples]
الأسماء
اسم أيوپاكs 3,3-Dimethyl-1,2-dioxacyclopropane (monomer) 3,3,6,6-Tetramethyl-1,2,4,5-tetraoxane (dimer) 3,3,6,6,9,9-Hexamethyl-1,2,4, 5,7,8-hexaoxacyclononane (trimer) 3,3,6,6,9,9,12,12-Octamethyl-1,2,4, 5,7,8,10,11-octaoxacyclododecane (tetramer)
أسماء أخرى Triacetone Triperoxide Peroxyacetone Mother of Satan
Identifiers
رقم CAS
3D model (JSmol)	dimer: Interactive image trimer: Interactive image
ChemSpider	3582942 Y
E number	E929 (glazing agents, ...)
PubChem CID	536100
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID80158194
InChI	InChI={{{value}}}
SMILES
الخصائص
الصيغة الجزيئية	C6H12O4 (dimer) C9H18O6 (trimer) C12H24O8 (tetramer)
كتلة مولية	148.157 g/mol (dimer) 222.24 g/mol (trimer)
المظهر	White crystalline solid
نقطة الانصهار
نقطة الغليان
قابلية الذوبان في الماء	insoluble
المخاطر
خطر رئيسي	Explosive
بيانات متفجر
حساسية الصدم	High / moderate when wet
حساسية الاحتكاك	High / moderate when wet
RE factor	0.83
ما لم يُذكر غير ذلك، البيانات المعطاة للمواد في حالاتهم العيارية (عند 25 °س [77 °ف]، 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
مراجع الجدول

پروكسيد الأسيتون Acetone peroxide هو تعبير كيميائي يشير إلى عائلة صغيرة من الپروكسيدات العضوية المتفجرة that are tetrameric, trimeric, dimeric, and monomeric peroxides of acetone, which can take cyclic or open chain forms. One frequently studied is the trimer, triacetone triperoxide (TATP; synonyms, tri-cyclic acetone peroxide, TCAP; peroxyacetone). Some forms of these peroxides take the form of a crystalline powders. Most can explode if subjected to heat, friction, or shock, and are considered high explosives. As a non-nitrogenous explosive, TATP has historically been more difficult to detect, and it has been implicated as the primary high explosive used in terrorist attacks in Europe in 2016 and earlier.

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 التاريخ

Acetone peroxide was discovered in 1895 by Richard Wolffenstein. He was the first researcher to receive a patent for using the peroxide as an explosive compound.

In 1900 Bayer and Villiger described the first synthesis of the dimer and described use of acids for the synthesis of both peroxides. Work on this methodology, and on the various products obtained, was further investigated in the mid-20th century by Milas and Golubović. Because of its high susceptibility to accidental detonation (and resulting "workplace accidents" in bomb-making shops), TATP has been referred to as the "Mother of Satan." It is used by terrorists for its ability to evade detection aimed at nitrogenous explosives, and due to its low cost and the ease with which its precursors can be obtained. It has been described in popular media as easily prepared from readily available retail ingredients, such as hair bleach and nail polish remover.

As such, TATP has been used in bomb and suicide attacks and in improvised explosive devices, including in Israel,^{[بحاجة لمصدر]} and in the London bombings on 7 July 2005, where four suicide bombers killed 52 people and injured more than 700. It was one of the explosives used by the "shoe bomber" Richard Reid and was used by the suicide bombers in the November 2015 Paris attacks and 2016 Brussels bombings.

 وصلات خارجية

• ChemSub Online: Acetone peroxide – Triacetone triperoxide.