معركة إفسوس (ح. 258 ق.م.)
معركة إفسوس كانت معركة بحرية مقابل ساحل آسيا الصغرى بالقرب من إفسوس in which the Rhodian fleet, commanded by Agathostratus, defeated a Ptolemaic fleet under the Athenian admiral Chremonides. The battle is only briefly mentioned by Polyaenus in his book on stratagems. Like its near contemporaries, the battles at Cos and Andros, its date is heavily disputed due to meager evidence, with most scholars placing it in ح. 259/8 BC or at any rate during the الحرب السورية الثانية (260–253 ق.م.), while others have preferred the Third Syrian War (246–241 BC) and have proposed dates from 245/4 BC to 242 BC. This however is incompatible with more recently discovered sources, and modern research places the battle within a timeframe from ح. 261 BC to ح. 246 BC. It is also possible that the battle was not part of a wider imperial conflict between the great Hellenistic powers, but a confrontation between Rhodes and Ptolemaic Egypt alone. Along with Cos and Andros, Ephesus was instrumental in breaking Ptolemaic sea-power in the Aegean Sea, and replacing it with Macedonian and Rhodian predominance.
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المراجع
المصادر
- Berthold, Richard M. (2009). Rhodes in the Hellenistic Age. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. pp. 81–101. ISBN 978-0-8014-7597-9.
- Huss, Werner (2001). Ägypten in hellenistischer Zeit 332-30 v. Chr (in German). Munich: C.H. Beck. pp. 283–285. ISBN 3-406-47154-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Seibert, Jakob (1976). "Die Schlacht Bei Ephesos". Historia (in German). 25 (1): 45–61. ISSN 0018-2311. JSTOR 4435485.
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