مبضع
 مباضع مختلفة. الأول، الثاني، والرابع بشفرات قابلة للتبديل. | |
| التصنيف | أداة قطع |
|---|---|
| الاستخدام | المرسام، الجراحة |
| الارتباط | Lancet, utility knife, مبضع الليزر |
المبضع scalpel، هي أداة ذات نصل حاد دقيق تستخدم في الجراحة، التسليخ التشريحي، والفنون والحرف. قد تكون المباضع لاستعمال المرة الواحدة أو قابلة للاستخدام عدة مرات. المباضع القابلة للاستخدام عدة مرات يوجد بها شفرات مثبتة قابلة للشحذ، والأكثر شيوعاً، المباضع ذات الشفرات الغير مثبتة القابلة للتبديل. مضابع استعمال المرة الواحدة تصنع عادة ما تكون بمقبض بلاستيكية وشفرة قابلة للتجديد وتستخدم لمرة واحدة، بعدها يتم التخلص من الأداة.
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المباضع الجراحية
| رقم الشفرة | المقابض المتوافقة | وصف الشفرة | الاستخدام |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| 9 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| 10 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | Curved cutting edge with an unsharpened back edge. A more traditional blade shape. | Generally for making small incisions in skin and muscle, and often utilised in more specialised surgeries such as for harvesting the radial artery during a coronary artery bypass operation, opening the bronchus during thoracic surgery and for Inguinal hernia repair. |
| 10a | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | This blade is a small and straight | |
| 11 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | Triangular blade with sharp point, flat cutting edge parallel to the handle and flat back | For precision cutting, stripping, sharp angle cuts and also stencil cutting due to its similarity to the X-Acto artknife blade |
| 11P | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| E11 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| E/11 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| 12 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | A small, pointed, crescent-shaped blade sharpened on the inside edge of the curve | |
| 12D | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | A small, pointed, crescent-shaped blade sharpened on both sides of the curve | |
| 13 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| 14 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| 15 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | A smaller version of the #10 | For the same general use as the #10 blade |
| 15A | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | A front-facing straight blade with flat back | |
| 15C | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | The #15 with a downward angle, flatter and thinner than the #15 | The downward angle makes this the preferred blade for working within the chest during cardiac surgery, and is commonly used to make the distal arteriotomy during coronary artery bypass grafting. |
| 15T | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| D/15 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| 16 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | A narrow chisel-like blade with flat, angled cutting edge, positioned higher than the axis of the handle | For cutting stencils, scoring and etching |
| 17 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | A flat face 1.6 mm chisel blade | For narrow cuts |
| 18 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A 12.7 mm chisel blade | For deep cuts and scraping |
| 19 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A similar blade to the #15 | |
| 20 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A larger version of the #10 blade, with a curved cutting edge and a flat, unsharpened back edge. | Used in general surgery and orthopaedic surgery. |
| 21 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | ||
| 22 | 2, 4, 5, 6 | A slightly larger version of the #20, with a curved cutting edge and a flat, unsharpened back edge. | Used for skin incisions in both cardiac and thoracic surgery, and to cut the bronchus in lung resection surgery. |
| 22A | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | ||
| 23 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | Similar to #22, leaf-shaped | For long incisions. |
| 24 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A wide, flat, angled cutting edge | For corner cuts, trimming, stripping, and cutting mats and gaskets |
| 25 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A front-facing straight blade with flat back (similar to #15a) | |
| 25a | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A triangular straight blade with flat back edge taking a downwards angle (similar to #10a, shorter than #26) | |
| 26 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A triangular straight blade with flat back edge taking a downwards angle (similar to the #15a, longer than #25a) | |
| 27 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | ||
| 34 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A triangular blade similar to the #11 | |
| 36 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A larger blade | Used in general surgery but also within a Laboratory setting for Histology and Histopathology |
| 40 | B3, 3, 3 Graduated, 3 Long, 5, 7, 9 | ||
| PM40 | Stainless PM Handle | ||
| PM40B | Stainless PM Handle | ||
| 60 | 4, 4 Graduated, 4 Long, 6 | A long blade resembling the #10 with a long cutting edge, rounded tip and flat back. | |
| PM60 | PM8 | ||
| PM60B | PM8 |
شفرات التصميم الگرافيكي والفنون والحرف
مباضع قديمة
- استخدم الجراح الهندي سوسروتا مباضع مختلفة للقيام بجراحة في القرن الثامن ق.م.[1][2][3]
- أثناء التحنيط استخدم المصريون القدماء مباضع مشحوذة من السبج، مادة لا زالت تستخدم حتى الآن.
- استخدم الرومان القدماء أكثر من 150 أداة جراحة، من بينها المبضع.[4]
- Indian Ayurvedic medicine mentions the use of sharp bamboo splinters.[بحاجة لمصدر]
إصابات المباضع
انظر أيضاً
المصادر
- ^ Dwivedi & Dwivedi (2007)
- ^ Lock etc., page 420
- ^ "Sushruta: The first Plastic Surgeon in 600 B.C." Internet Journal of Plastic Surgery. 4 (2). ISSN 1528-8293.
- ^ "Roman ruins cast new light on a trip to doctor". Telegraph.co.uk. December 9, 2007.
