اومايكرون (حرف إغريقي)

Omicron uc lc.svg
أبجدية إغريقية
Α α ألفا Ν ν نو
Β β ϐ بـِتا Ξ ξ كساي
Γ γ گاما Ο ο اومايكرون
Δ δ دلتا Π π ϖ پاي
Ε ε إپسيلون Ρ ρ ϱ رو
Ζ ζ زيتا Σ σ ς سـِگما
Η η إتا Τ τ تاو
Θ θ ϑ ثـِتا Υ ϒ υ اوپسيلون
Ι ι أيوتا Φ φ ϕ فاي
Κ κ ϰ كپا Χ χ كاي
Λ λ لامدا Ψ ψ پساي
Μ μ ميو Ω ω اومـِگا
حروف بائدة
Ϝ ϝ ديگاما Qoppa uc lc.svg قپا
Ϻ ϻ سان Sampi uc lc.svg سامپي
حروف أخرى
Ϛ ϛ ستيگما Ϸ ϸ شو
Heta uc lc.svg هـِتا J ȷ يت
تشكيل الحروف الإغريقية

اوميكرون (باليونانية:ὂ μικρόν) هو أحد حروف الأبجدية الإغريقية, يأخذ الحرف شكلين الكبير (Ο) والصغير (ο). وهو الحرف الخامس عشر من حروف الابجدية اليونانية.


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الفلك

وفى حقل الفلك يشير هذا الحرف الى النجم الخامس عشر من حيث السطوع في كوكبة من الكوكبات السماوية ومثاله أوميكرون قطيس والمعروف (بأعجوبة قطيس) Omicron is used to designate the fifteenth star in a constellation group, its ordinal placement an irregular function of both magnitude and position.[1][2] Such stars include Omicron Andromedae, Omicron Ceti, and Omicron Persei.

In Claudius Ptolemy's (100–170 ح. 100–170 ) Almagest, tables of sexagesimal numbers 1 ... 59 are represented in the conventional manner[أ] for Greek numbers: ′α ... ′νθ . Since the letter omicron [which represents 70 (′ο) in the standard system] is not used in sexagesimal, it is re-purposed to represent an empty number cell. In some renditions the cell was just left blank (nothing there = value is zero), but to avoid copying errors, positively marking a zero cell with omicron was preferred, in the same way that blank cells in modern tables are filled with a dash (—). Both an omicron and a dash imply that "this isn't a mistake, the cell is actually supposed to be empty". By coincidence, the ancient zero-value omicron (ο) resembles a modern Hindu-Arabic zero (0).


تسميات

On November 26, 2021, the World Health Organization declared a new variant of concern of COVID-19, named Omicron according to the WHO naming system. The B.1.1.529 variant was first sequenced in South Africa on November 24, 2021.[3]

تكويدات الحرف

  • Greek Omicron / Coptic O[4]
الحرف Ο ο
Unicode name GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMICRON GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON COPTIC CAPITAL LETTER O COPTIC SMALL LETTER O
Encodings decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex
يونيكود 927 U+039F 959 U+03BF 11422 U+2C9E 11423 U+2C9F
UTF-8 206 159 CE 9F 206 191 CE BF 226 178 158 E2 B2 9E 226 178 159 E2 B2 9F
Numeric character reference Ο Ο ο ο Ⲟ Ⲟ ⲟ ⲟ
Named character reference Ο ο
DOS Greek 142 8E 166 A6
DOS Greek-2 190 BE 233 E9
Windows 1253 207 CF 239 EF
  • Mathematical Omicron[5]

These characters are used only as mathematical symbols. Stylized Greek text should be encoded using the normal Greek letters, with markup and formatting to indicate text style.

الحرف 𝚶 𝛐 𝛰 𝜊 𝜪 𝝄
Unicode name MATHEMATICAL BOLD
CAPITAL OMICRON
MATHEMATICAL BOLD
SMALL OMICRON
MATHEMATICAL ITALIC
CAPITAL OMICRON
MATHEMATICAL ITALIC
SMALL OMICRON
MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC
CAPITAL OMICRON
MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC
SMALL OMICRON
Encodings decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex
يونيكود 120502 U+1D6B6 120528 U+1D6D0 120560 U+1D6F0 120586 U+1D70A 120618 U+1D72A 120644 U+1D744
UTF-8 240 157 154 182 F0 9D 9A B6 240 157 155 144 F0 9D 9B 90 240 157 155 176 F0 9D 9B B0 240 157 156 138 F0 9D 9C 8A 240 157 156 170 F0 9D 9C AA 240 157 157 132 F0 9D 9D 84
Numeric character reference 𝚶 𝚶 𝛐 𝛐 𝛰 𝛰 𝜊 𝜊 𝜪 𝜪 𝝄 𝝄
الحرف 𝝤 𝝾 𝞞 𝞸
Unicode name MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF
BOLD CAPITAL OMICRON
MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF
BOLD SMALL OMICRON
MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF
BOLD ITALIC CAPITAL OMICRON
MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF
BOLD ITALIC SMALL OMICRON
Encodings decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex
يونيكود 120676 U+1D764 120702 U+1D77E 120734 U+1D79E 120760 U+1D7B8
UTF-8 240 157 157 164 F0 9D 9D A4 240 157 157 190 F0 9D 9D BE 240 157 158 158 F0 9D 9E 9E 240 157 158 184 F0 9D 9E B8
Numeric character reference 𝝤 𝝤 𝝾 𝝾 𝞞 𝞞 𝞸 𝞸


انظر أيضا

المصادر

  • مؤمن, عبد الأمير (2006). قاموس دار العلم الفلكي. بيروت، لبنان: دار العلم للملايين. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |طبعة أولى coauthors= (help)

ملاحظات

  1. ^ Sexagesimal Greek numbers in the Almagest are conventional:   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  =  ′α ′β ′γ ′δ ′ε ′ϝ ′ζ ′η ′θ . Notice that ancient digamma (ϝ) is used for  6  instead of zeta (ζ, which is used for 7) ;   10 20 30 40 50  =  ′ι ′κ ′λ ′μ ′ν . Adjacent number-letters add, so all the other numbers are made by letter pairs, such as  29 30 31  =  ′κθ ′λ ′λα . The number 59 (′νθ) is the largest value used in a single cell in sexagesimal. That leaves xi (ξ) and the letters following it   ξ ο π ϙ ρ σ τ υ φ χ ψ ω ϡ  free for other use: Ptolemy picked  ο , which normally was used for 70, to mark empty (zero) cells, perhaps because the word for "nothing", οὐδέν starts with an omicron.

المراجع

  1. ^ Martin, Martha Evans (1907). The Friendly Stars (1st ed.). New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers. p. 135. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  2. ^ Wilk, Stephen R. (2007). Medusa: Solving the Mystery of the Gorgon (1st ed.). New York, NY; London, UK: Oxford University Press. p. 201. ISBN 9780199887736. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  3. ^ "Classification of Omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern". World Health Organization. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
  4. ^ "Greek and Coptic (Range: 0370–03FF)" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Ver. 8.0. Unicode, Inc. 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  5. ^ "Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols (Range: 1D400–1D7FF)" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Ver. 8.0. Unicode, Inc. 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2016.