پليسيوصورص

پليسيوصورص
Temporal range: Early Jurassic - Late Cretaceous, 199.6–65.5 م‌س
Plesiosaurus2.jpg
Artist's reconstruction of Plesiosaurus.
التصنيف العلمي e
أصنوفة غير معروفة (أصلحها): پليسيوصورص
Suborders

Plesiosauroidea
Pliosauroidea

پليسيوصورص Plesiosauria، زاحف مائي، تطور عن النوثوصورص Nothosaurs، في العصر الترياسي الأوسط، وفي العصر الطباشيري وصل إلى أحجام الحيتان المفترسة الحديثة، حيث بلغ 12 مترا طولا.[1]

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الوصف

Plesiosaur skeleton (Meyerasaurus) in the Museum am Löwentor, Stuttgart
Elasmosaur cast, Canadian Museum of Nature


تاريخ الإكتشاف

The first published plesiosaur fossil, 1719

الإكتشافات الحديثة

السلوك

Painting of a plesiosaur on land, by Heinrich Harder
Plesiosaur gastroliths

التصنيف

Kronosaurus, a pliosaurid
Thalassomedon, an elasmosaurid
Dolichorhynchops, a polycotylid

النسالة

 Pistosauria 

"Pistosaurus postcranium"

Augustasaurus hagdorni

Bobosaurus forojuliensis

Pistosaurus

Yunguisaurus liae

 Plesiosauria 

 Pliosauroidea 

 Pliosauridae 

Thalassiodracon hawkinsii

Hauffiosaurus spp.

Attenborosaurus conybeari

advanced pliosaurids

 Rhomaleosauridae 

NHMUK 49202

advanced rhomaleosaurids

"Plesiosaurus" macrocephalus

Archaeonectrus rostratus

Macroplata tenuiceps

 Plesiosauroidea 

OUMNH J.10337 [now Stratesaurus taylori]

 Plesiosauridae 

Seeleyosaurus guilelmiimperatoris

OUMNH J.28585

Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus

Elasmosauridae and Cryptoclidia

Microcleidus homalospondylus

Hydrorion brachypterygius

Occitanosaurus tournemiensis


 Pistosauria 

"Pistosaurus postcranium"

Pistosaurus

Yunguisaurus liae

Augustasaurus hagdorni

 Plesiosauria 

Bobosaurus forojuliensis

NHMUK 49202

 Rhomaleosauridae 

Stratesaurus taylori

Macroplata tenuiceps

Avalonnectes arturi

advanced rhomaleosaurids (incl. Archaeonectrus)

Neoplesiosauria 

 Pliosauridae 

Thalassiodracon hawkinsii

Hauffiosaurus spp.

Attenborosaurus conybeari

advanced pliosaurids

 Plesiosauroidea 

Eoplesiosaurus antiquior

Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus

Plesiopterys wildi

Elasmosauridae and Cryptoclidia

 Microcleididae 

Eretmosaurus rugosus

Westphaliasaurus simonsensii

Seeleyosaurus guilelmiimperatoris

Microcleidus tournemiensis

Microcleidus brachypterygius

Microcleidus homalospondylus


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التوزيع

التوزيع الطبقي

Click [show] to view a table of geologic formations
الاسم العمر الموقع ملاحظات

Allen Formation

Mata Amarilla Formation

Jagüel Formation

Bearpaw Formation

Blue Lias Formation

Britton Formation

Carlile Formation

Chichali Formation

Conway Formation

Favret Formation

Franciscan Formation

Guanling Formation

Hiccles Cove Formation

Horseshoe Canyon Formation

Jagua Formation

Katiki Formation

Kimmeridge Clay

Kiowa Shale

Lake Waco Formation

Maree Formation

Mooreville Chalk Formation

Moreno Formation

Muschelkalk

Naknek Formation

Niobrara Formation

The following genera have been reported from the formation: Brimosaurus,[2] Dolichorhynchops,[3] Elasmosaurus,[3] Polycotylus,[3] Styxosaurus,[3] and Thalassonomosaurus.[4]

Oxford Clay

Paja Formation

Paso del Sapo Formation

Pierre Formation

Sundance Formation

Tahora Formation

Tamayama Formation

Toolebuc Formation

Vectis Formation

Wallumbilla Formation

Weald Clay

Zhenzhuchong Formation

Ziliujing Formation


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المصادر

  1. ^ عبد الجليل هويدي، محمد أحمد هيكل (2004). أساسيات الجيولوجيا التاريخية. مكتبة الدار العربية للكتب.
  2. ^ "Material: YPM 1640," in "The Occurrence of Elasmosaurids..." Everhart (2006), page 173.
  3. ^ أ ب ت ث "Table 13.1: Plesiosaurs," in Everhart (2005) Oceans of Kansas, page 245.
  4. ^ "Material: YPM 1640," in "The Occurrence of Elasmosaurids..." Everhart (2006), page 172.
  • Lingham-Soliar, T., 1995: in Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. 347: 155-180
  • Cicimurri, D., and M. Everhart, 2001: in Trans. Kansas. Acad. Sci. 104: 129-143
  • O'Keefe, F. R., 2001: A cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the Plesiosauria (Reptilia: Sauropterygia); Acta Zool. Fennica 213: 1-63
  • White, T., 1935: in Occasional Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8: 219-228
  • Hampe, O., 1992: Courier Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg 145: 1-32
  • Ellis, R. 2003: Sea Dragons' (Kansas University Press)
  • ( ), 1997: in Reports of the National Center for Science Education, 17.3 (May/June 1997) pp 16-28.
  • Everhart, M.J. 2005. Oceans of Kansas: A Natural History of the Western Interior Sea. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 322 pp.
  • Everhart, M.J. 2005. "Gastroliths associated with plesiosaur remains in the Sharon Springs Member (Late Cretaceous) of the Pierre Shale, Western Kansas" (on-line, updated from article in Kansas Acad. Sci. Trans. 103(1-2):58-69)
  • Everhart, Michael J. 2006. The Occurrence of Elasmosaurids (Reptilia: Plesiosauria) in the Niobrara Chalk of Western Kansas; Paludicila; 5(4) pp. 170–183

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Plesiosauria