هيكل طائرة

(تم التحويل من هيكل الطائرة)
Van's RV-14 cutaway showing its airframe

The mechanical structure of an aircraft is known as the airframe. This structure is typically considered to include the fuselage, undercarriage, empennage and wings, and exclude the propulsion system.[1]

Airframe design is a field of aerospace engineering that combines aerodynamics, materials technology and manufacturing methods with a focus on weight, strength and aerodynamic drag, as well as reliability and cost.

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التاريخ

Four types of airframe construction: (1) Truss with canvas, (2) Truss with corrugate plate, (3) Monocoque construction, (4) Semi-monocoque construction.

Modern airframe history began in the United States when a 1903 wood biplane made by Orville and Wilbur Wright showed the potential of fixed-wing designs.


العصر الحديث

Rough interior of a Boeing 747 airframe
Wing structure with ribs and one spar


Airliner composition by mass[2]
Material B747 B767 B757 B777 B787 A300B4
Aluminium 81% 80% 78% 70% 20% 77%
Steel 13% 14% 12% 11% 10% 12%
Titanium 4% 2% 6% 7% 15% 4%
Composites 1% 3% 3% 11% 50% 4%
Other 1% 1% 1% 1% 5% 3%

السلامة

انظر أيضاً

المراجع

  1. ^ "FAA Definitions". Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  2. ^ Jörg Woidasky; Christian Klinke; Sebastian Jeanvré (November 2017). "Materials Stock of the Civilian Aircraft Fleet" (PDF). Recycling.

للاستزادة