ماونتن ڤيو، كاليفورنيا

لمعلومات عن أماكن أخرى في كاليفورنيا باسم "ماونتن ڤيو"، انظر ماونتن ڤيو (توضيح).
ماونتن ڤيو
Mountain View
مدينة
قاعة المدينة ومركز الفنون التطبيقية في منطقة وسط المدينة.
قاعة المدينة ومركز الفنون التطبيقية في منطقة وسط المدينة.
الختم الرسمي لـ ماونتن ڤيو Mountain View
Seal
موقع ماونتن ڤيو في مقاطعة سانتا كلارا، كاليفورنيا
موقع ماونتن ڤيو في مقاطعة سانتا كلارا، كاليفورنيا
الإحداثيات: 37°23′22″N 122°4′55″W / 37.38944°N 122.08194°W / 37.38944; -122.08194
البلدالولايات المتحدة
الولايةكاليفورنيا
المقاطعةسانتا كلارا
أُدمجتNovember 7, 1902[1]
الحكومة
 • العمدةكريس كلارك[2]
المساحة
[3]
 • الإجمالي12٫273 ميل² (31٫788 كم²)
 • البر11٫995 ميل² (31٫068 كم²)
 • الماء0٫278 ميل² (0٫720 كم²)  2.26%
المنسوب
[4]
105 ft (32 m)
التعداد
 (2010)
 • الإجمالي74٬066
منطقة التوقيتUTC-8 (PST)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC-7 (PDT)
الرمز البريدي
94035, 94039-94043
مفتاح الهاتف650
FIPS code06-49670
GNIS feature IDs277611, 2411186
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.mountainview.gov

ماونتن ڤيو Mountain View، هي مدينة في مقاطعة سانتا كلارا، منطقة خليج سان فرانسيسكو، كاليفورنيا. سميت لمشاهد جبال سانتا كروز المميزة بها.[5] منذ نشأتها كموقف لعربات الجياد، نمت كضاحية نموذجية صديقة للمشاة، خالية من الواي فاي، ويبلغ عدد سكانها 74.066 نسمة. يحدها مطار موفت الاتحادي وخليج سان فرانسيسكو.

تقع المدينة في وادي السليكون، وتضم الكثير من شركات الهاي تك. عام 1956، معمل تشوكلي لأشباه الموصلات، كانت أول شركة تطور أجهزة أشباه الموصلات المصنوعة من السليكون فيما عرف لاحقاً بوادي السليكون، والتي أسسها في المدينة وليام شوكلي. اليوم، هناك الكثير من شركات التكنولوجيا الكبرى العالمية والتي يقع مقرها الرئيسي بالمدينة، ومنها گوگل، شركة موزيلا، سيمانتك، سيمفوني تلكا، وإنتويت.


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التاريخ

Lupe Yñigo was granted Rancho Posolmi in 1844, covering the northern part of Sunnyvale and Mountain View.
The Historic Adobe Building was constructed as a Works Progress Administration project in 1934.

The fertile land between the Santa Cruz Mountains and the shores of the southern San Francisco Bay once supported multiple villages of the indigenous Ohlone people. Spanish missionaries utilized the land for sheep pastures.[6]

The Mexican land grant of Rancho Pastoria de las Borregas was given in 1842 by Alta California Governor Juan Alvarado to Francisco Estrada. This grant was later passed on to Mariano Castro, who sold half of the land to Martin Murphy Jr. Eventually, the former land grant was developed as the cities of Mountain View and Sunnyvale.

The southwest shore of San Francisco Bay was settled by European-Americans in 1852 as a stagecoach station. This was after the United States acquired California. By the early 1900s, it was a shipping point for fruit and grain, as well as a center of religious book publishing.[7]

The early pioneers were commonly buried at the old cemetery between Mercy & Church, off Castro Street. This is now the site of the present city library and park, known as Pioneer Park.


المقيمون

Reverend Henry Merrill Henderson, born in Maryland, arrived here at age 35 with his family in 1852; he was meeting relatives: the Ricketts and others who had migrated from Missouri and Kentucky. He was the first Baptist minister in town. He soon rode a circuit for preaching, going by horseback to Half-Moon Bay and McCarthysville for services.[بحاجة لمصدر]

Later that year, Seligman Weilheimer and his brother Samuel immigrated from Dossenheim, Baden, Germany. They settled on the next plot, and in 1856 built the first big general merchandise store in the settlement.[8]

William Bubb bought 80 acres (32 ha) to farm in October 1851; he became a leader in town and died there in 1864. His heirs' descendants prospered, marrying into other pioneer families.

إنشاء صناعات فضاء وإلكترونيات محلية

The U.S. Navy's adjacent 1,000-acre (4.0 km2) Moffett Field Complex was constructed beginning after 1931; its development attracted many workers and it brought many economic opportunities. After World War II, the population grew significantly with the development of regional aerospace and electronics industries.[9] Between 1950 and 1960, the population grew from 6,563 to 30,889, an increase of 370.7%.

Between 1929 and 1994, Moffett Field Naval Air Station operated in Mountain View. In 1940, the city was the base of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (now the NASA Ames Research Center), which had a strong influence on the development of aerospace and electronics industries.[7]

المناخ الاقتصادي الحالي

Today, high technology is the foundation of the local economy. Few remnants are visible of the city's agricultural past.

In 1990, Kevin Duggan began his position as city manager. He built a relationship with Google, Inc., and issued a long-term lease to it and other technology companies. As of 2014, those leases generate over $5 million per year in city revenue. The Castro Street downtown area also benefited from a special tax district.[10]

In 2016, the city's voters approved a rent control ordinance.[11][12]

الجغرافيا

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.3 sq mi (31.8 km2), of which 12.0 sq mi (31.1 km2) is land and 0.27 sq mi (0.7 km2) (2.26%) is water. The city borders Palo Alto and the San Francisco Bay to the north, Los Altos to the south, and Moffett Federal Airfield and Sunnyvale to the east.

Mountain View is located in the south-eastern and south-western section of the San Francisco Peninsula, at the north end of State Route 85, where it meets U.S. Route 101. State Route 82 follows the route of the historic El Camino Real through Mountain View. The city is bounded to the north by the Bay, northeast by East Palo Alto, California at Baylands Park, Palo Alto, to the south and southwest by Los Altos, and to the east by Sunnyvale and Moffett Federal Airfield.

The Santa Cruz Mountains, the origin of the city's name, lie to the west. This range separates Mountain View from the Pacific Ocean and, together with the Diablo Range to the south-east, form the Santa Clara Valley.

المناخ

Mountain View has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csb: dry-summer subtropical).[13] Summers are warm and dry, while winters are cool and wet. However, both summers and winters are somewhat moderated due to its relative proximity to the Pacific, although it has a lesser maritime influence than San Francisco further north on the peninsula.

بيانات مناخ ماونتن ڤيو، كاليفورنيا
الشهر يناير فبراير مارس أبريل مايو يونيو يوليو أغسطس سبتمبر اكتوبر نوفمبر ديسمبر العام
العظمى المتوسطة °ف (°س) 57
(14) 		63
(17) 		64
(18) 		70
(21) 		73
(23) 		77
(25) 		79
(26) 		79
(26) 		79
(26) 		73
(23) 		64
(18) 		57
(14) 		69٫7
(20٫9)
الصغرى المتوسطة °ف (°س) 39
(4) 		43
(6) 		46
(8) 		46
(8) 		52
(11) 		55
(13) 		57
(14) 		57
(14) 		55
(13) 		50
(10) 		45
(7) 		39
(4) 		48٫8
(9٫3)
هطول inches (mm) 3.24
(82.3) 		3.181
(80.8) 		2.65
(67.3) 		0.89
(22.6) 		0.35
(8.9) 		0.11
(2.8) 		0.031
(0.8) 		0.079
(2.0) 		0.189
(4.8) 		0.85
(21.6) 		1.831
(46.5) 		2.311
(58.7) 		15٫713
(399٫1)
[بحاجة لمصدر]

المعالم الرئيسية

وسط المدينة

Centennial Plaza at the Downtown Mountain View Station
ممشى على إمتداد شارع كاسترو في وسط مدينة ماونتن ڤيو.



المنتزهات

The Mountain View Farmer's Market is held every Sunday in the Downtown Mountain View Station parking lot.


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أخرى

متحف تاريخ الحاسوب
Shoreline Amphitheatre

الاقتصاد

Google, whose headquarters are located in Mountain View, is also the largest employer of the city's residents.

Mountain View is one of the major cities that make up Silicon Valley, and has many notable Silicon Valley companies either headquartered there or with a large presence. As of 2018, major tech companies such as Google[14] and Mozilla were headquartered in Mountain View.[15] In 2018, the comparison site CareerBliss ranked the city number 1 in the United States on its list of Happiest Cities to Work for 2018.[16]

After voting to increase the minimum wage incrementally in 2015, in December 2017, the Mountain View City Council implemented a mandatory $15 minimum wage, to apply to employees who work two or more hours a week.[17] At the start of 2018, Mountain View raised its minimum wage to $15.[18] Starting on January 1, 2019, the minimum wage was to be "adjusted annually based on the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose regional Consumer Price Index."[17] A proposal to slow down the rate of the wage increases by a year[19][20] was defeated in a City Council meeting on December 4, 2018.[21] Subsequently, on December 30, 2018, it was announced that Mountain View's minimum wage would rise to $15.65 on January 1, 2019, with the increase delayed by one year for companies with 25 or fewer employees.[22] As of January 2023, the minimum wage in Mountain View is $18.15 per hour.[23]

أشهر الشركات

The Googleplex, the headquarters of Google and formerly Silicon Graphics (SGI)
Intuit headquarters
The site of the former Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory, the first silicon device company in Silicon Valley

شركات أخرى:

شركات سابقة


أشهر أصحاب الأعمال

# جهة العمل # موظف
1 گوگل 12,000
2 El Camino Hospital 2,994
3 سيمانتك 2,885
4 لينكدإن 2,810
5 Intuit 1,969
6 ميكروسوفت 1,700
7 Synopsys 1,100
8 Palo Alto Medical Foundation 990
9 سيمنز 238
10 Complete Genomics 150

الديموغرافيا

التعداد تاريخياً
الإحصاء التعداد %±
19101٬161
—
19201٬88862.6%
19303٬30875.2%
19403٬94619.3%
19506٬56366.3%
196030٬889370.7%
197054٬13275.2%
198058٬6558.4%
199067٬36514.8%
200070٬7085.0%
201074٬0664.7%
تقديري 201276٬6218.4%
source:[25]

2010

الملف الديموغرافيا[26] 2010
إجمالي السكان 74,066 - 100.0%
عرق واحد 70,305 - 94.9%
بيض فقد 34,052 - 46.0%
آسيويون فقط 19,064 - 25.7%
هيسپان أو لاتينيون (من أي عرق) 16,071 - 21.7%
أفارقة أو أفارقة أمريكان فقط 1,468 - 2.0%
هاوايون أصليون أو سكان جزر أخرى بالمحيط الهادي فقط 372 - 0.5%
أمريكان هنود أو آلاسكيون أصليون فقط 116 - 0.2%
آخرون من عرق واحد فقط 241 - 0.3%
من عرقين أو أكثر فقط 2,682 - 3.6%


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2000

الحكومة

قاعة مدينة ماونتن ڤيو.
محطة حريق ماونتن ڤيو رقم 1


المجالس الولائية والاتحادية

التعليم

البنية التحتية

النقل

Caltrain commuter rail at the Downtown Mountain View Station
Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) light rail
انظر أيضاً: قائمة مطارات منطقة خليج سان فرانسيسكو

المرافق

مدن شقيقة

انظر أيضاً

مشاهير المدينة

المصادر

  1. ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date" (Word). California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  2. ^ "Mayor of Mountain View, California". Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  3. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer File - Places - California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
  4. ^ "Mountain View". نظام معلومات الأسماء الجغرافية، المسح الجيولوجي الأمريكي. Retrieved October 13, 2014.
  5. ^ Munro-Fraser, J. P. (1881). History of Santa Clara County, California. San Francisco: Alley, Bowen & Co. p. 262. Retrieved April 2008. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  6. ^ Perry, Nicholas (November 9, 2012). Mountain View. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9780738595764. Retrieved November 9, 2023 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ أ ب "Mountain View, California, United States". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  8. ^ Hodder, Mary. "History Of Castro Street And Its Buildings". Livable Mountain View (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Archived from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
  9. ^ "City of Mountain View – Learn About Our City". Archived from the original on March 26, 2011. Retrieved March 15, 2011.
  10. ^ Gibboney, Tom (July 4, 2014). "A front-row seat watching the city boom: Farewell to the Voice". Mountain View Voice.
  11. ^ Dougherty, Conor (November 14, 2016). "Teslas in the Trailer Park: A California City Faces Its Housing Squeeze". The New York Times (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved October 19, 2018.
  12. ^ Kasakove, Sophie. "The Deceptive, Shameful, Lucratively Funded War Against Rent Control". The New Republic (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved October 19, 2018.
  13. ^ "Mountain View, California Climate Summary". Weatherbase. Retrieved July 8, 2015.
  14. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة BI
  15. ^ Stephen Shankland (January 18, 2018). "Layoffs strike as Firefox's Mozilla reworks Asian operations". CNET. Retrieved February 18, 2018.
  16. ^ "Rockville is among 'Happiest Cities to Work'". WTOP. February 9, 2018. Retrieved February 18, 2018.
  17. ^ أ ب "Mountain View: Minimum wage reaches $15 an hour on Monday". Mercury News. December 31, 2017. Retrieved February 18, 2018.
  18. ^ Jennifer Wadsworth (January 2, 2018). "Minimum Wage Increases to $13.50 in San Jose, $15 in Sunnyvale and Mountain View". San Jose Inside. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  19. ^ Mark Noack (December 4, 2018). "City could slow down minimum wage increases". Mountain View Voice. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  20. ^ Kevin Kelly (December 4, 2018). "Mountain View to consider freezing minimum hourly wage at $15 for next year". Mercury News. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  21. ^ Mark Noack (December 5, 2018). "Plan to delay minimum-wage hike defeated". Mountain View Voice. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  22. ^ Seldon, Aja (December 31, 2018). "Minimum wage goes up in California on Jan. 1, 2019". KRON. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  23. ^ "City of Mountain View - Mountain View Minimum Wage Ordinance". Mountainview.gov. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  24. ^ "Opera Offices".
  25. ^ "Census of Population and Housing - Decennial Censuses". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-02-01.
  26. ^ http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov "Demographic Profile Bay Area Census". {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  27. ^ "Tully Banta-Cain". databaseFootball.com. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
  28. ^ "CARROLL CLARK AND EMILE KURI". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
  29. ^ "Assaf Cohen". TV.com. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
  30. ^ "Brandon Crawford Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
  31. ^ "Hottest players on the LPGA Tour". Golf.com.
  32. ^ Begos, Kevin. "Salman Khan among three Bay Area residents getting $250,000 Heinz awards". San Jose Mercury News.
  33. ^ "Kenny Roberts Jr". Retrieved 9 July 2014.
  34. ^ Mountain View Online : Steve Jobs called Mountain View home as a child. Mv-voice.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-21.

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معالم رئيسية أخرى

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