كارل راين‌موت

Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth
Karl Reinmuth.jpg
وُلِدَ(1892-04-04)4 أبريل 1892
هايدلبرگ، ألمانيا
توفي6 مايو 1979(1979-05-06) (aged 87)
هايدلبرگ، ألمانيا
المهنةفلكي
Minor planets discovered: 395 [1]
انظر § List of discovered minor planets

كارل ڤيلهلم راين‌موت ( Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth ؛ 4 أبريل 1892 في هايدلبرگ - 6 مايو 1979 في هايدلبرگ) كان فلكياً ألمانياً و prolific discoverer of 395 minor planets.[2][3] لـُقـِّب بـ "صائد الكويكبات".

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السيرة العلمية

From 1912 to 1957, Reinmuth was working as an astronomer at the Heidelberg Observatory (ألمانية: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) an astronomical observatory on the Königstuhl hill above Heidelberg in southern Germany. He was a member at the minor planet studies group at Astronomisches Rechen-Institut between 1947 and 1950, and later became "Oberobservator" or chief-observer at Heidelberg Observatory until his retirement in 1957.[4] Reinmuth obtained more than 12,500 precise astrometric measurements of minor planets' positions on photographic plates, an enormous accomplishment before computer-based assistance existed.[2]


التكريم

The outer main-belt asteroid 1111 Reinmuthia, discovered by himself at Heidelberg in 1912, was named in his honour (H 104).[3]

الاكتشافات

Among his most notable discoveries are the two near-Earth objects (NEOs) 1862 Apollo, the namesake of the Apollo group which became the largest group of asteroids within the NEO category with nearly 8,000 members, and 69230 Hermes, famous for being a lost asteroid for more than half a century until its recovery in 2003, and for being the only unnumbered but named asteroid during that period.

He also discovered several large Jupiter trojans including 911 Agamemnon, 1143 Odysseus, 1172 Äneas, 1173 Anchises, 1208 Troilus, 1404 Ajax, 1437 Diomedes and 1749 Telamon. The main-belt asteroid 5535 Annefrank, which he discovered in 1942 during World War II, was later visited by the Stardust spacecraft in 2002.[5] His lowest numbered minor planet discovery is 796 Sarita, an asteroid from the middle region of the main-belt.[2] Reinmuth also discovered two periodic comets of the Jupiter family, namely 30P/Reinmuth and 44P/Reinmuth.[6][7]

Meta-naming

The initials of the minor planets (1227) through (1234), all discovered by Reinmuth, spell out "G. Stracke". Gustav Stracke was a German astronomer and orbit computer, who had asked that no planet be named after him. In this manner Reinmuth was able to honour the man whilst honouring his wish:[8]

Later 1019 Strackea, also discovered by Reinmuth, was named after Stracke.

List of discovered minor planets

Karl Reinmuth is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 395 minor planets made during 1914–1957, with an interruption from April 1943 to July 1949 due to the end and the aftermath of WWII.[1]

important; height: 540px;
796 Sarita 15 October 1914
799 Gudula 9 March 1915
864 Aase 30 September 1921
909 Ulla 7 February 1919
910 Anneliese 1 March 1919
911 Agamemnon 19 March 1919
913 Otila 19 May 1919
918 Itha 22 August 1919
920 Rogeria 1 September 1919
921 Jovita 4 September 1919
922 Schlutia 18 September 1919
923 Herluga 30 September 1919
924 Toni 20 October 1919
926 Imhilde 15 February 1920
928 Hildrun 23 February 1920
929 Algunde 10 March 1920
933 Susi 10 February 1927
935 Clivia 7 September 1920
936 Kunigunde 8 September 1920
937 Bethgea 12 September 1920
important; height: 540px;
938 Chlosinde 9 September 1920
939 Isberga 4 October 1920
940 Kordula 10 October 1920
942 Romilda 11 October 1920
943 Begonia 20 October 1920
948 Jucunda 3 March 1921
950 Ahrensa 1 April 1921
954 Li 4 August 1921
955 Alstede 5 August 1921
956 Elisa 8 August 1921
957 Camelia 7 September 1921
958 Asplinda 28 September 1921
959 Arne 30 September 1921
960 Birgit 1 October 1921
961 Gunnie 10 October 1921
962 Aslög 25 October 1921
963 Iduberga 26 October 1921
968 Petunia 24 November 1921
970 Primula 29 November 1921
973 Aralia 18 March 1922
important; height: 540px;
974 Lioba 18 March 1922
979 Ilsewa 29 June 1922
983 Gunila 30 July 1922
984 Gretia 27 August 1922
985 Rosina 14 October 1922
987 Wallia 23 October 1922
994 Otthild 18 March 1923
997 Priska 12 July 1923
998 Bodea 6 August 1923
999 Zachia 9 August 1923
1000 Piazzia 12 August 1923
1003 Lilofee 13 September 1923
1009 Sirene 31 October 1923
1010 Marlene 12 November 1923
1011 Laodamia 5 January 1924
1012 Sarema 12 January 1924
1014 Semphyra 29 January 1924
1015 Christa 31 January 1924
1016 Anitra 31 January 1924
1018 Arnolda 3 March 1924
important; height: 540px;
1019 Strackea 3 March 1924
1020 Arcadia 7 March 1924
1023 Thomana 25 June 1924
1025 Riema 12 August 1923
1026 Ingrid 13 August 1923
1035 Amata 29 September 1924
1041 Asta 22 March 1925
1042 Amazone 22 April 1925
1043 Beate 22 April 1925
1044 Teutonia 10 May 1924
1047 Geisha 17 November 1924
1048 Feodosia 29 November 1924
1049 Gotho 14 September 1925
1050 Meta 14 September 1925
1051 Merope 16 September 1925
1054 Forsytia 20 November 1925
1056 Azalea 31 January 1924
1060 Magnolia 13 August 1925
1061 Paeonia 10 October 1925
1063 Aquilegia 6 December 1925
important; height: 540px;
1064 Aethusa 2 August 1926
1066 Lobelia 1 September 1926
1067 Lunaria 9 September 1926
1070 Tunica 1 September 1926
1072 Malva 4 October 1926
1076 Viola 5 October 1926
1077 Campanula 6 October 1926
1078 Mentha 7 December 1926
1080 Orchis 30 August 1927
1081 Reseda 31 August 1927
1082 Pirola 28 October 1927
1083 Salvia 26 January 1928
1085 Amaryllis 31 August 1927
1087 Arabis 2 September 1927
1091 Spiraea 26 February 1928
1092 Lilium 12 January 1924
1095 Tulipa 14 April 1926
1097 Vicia 11 August 1928
1100 Arnica 22 September 1928
1101 Clematis 22 September 1928
important; height: 540px;
1104 Syringa 9 December 1928
1105 Fragaria 1 January 1929
1106 Cydonia 5 February 1929
1108 Demeter 31 May 1929
1109 Tata 5 February 1929
1111 Reinmuthia 11 February 1927
1119 Euboea 27 October 1927
1126 Otero 11 January 1929
1130 Skuld 2 September 1929
1131 Porzia 10 September 1929
1138 Attica 22 November 1929
1142 Aetolia 24 January 1930
1143 Odysseus 28 January 1930
1144 Oda 28 January 1930
1150 Achaia 2 September 1929
1151 Ithaka 8 September 1929
1152 Pawona 8 January 1930
1154 Astronomia 8 February 1927
1155 Aënna 26 January 1928
1156 Kira 22 February 1928
important; height: 540px;
1157 Arabia 31 August 1929
1159 Granada 2 September 1929
1160 Illyria 9 September 1929
1161 Thessalia 29 September 1929
1162 Larissa 5 January 1930
1163 Saga 20 January 1930
1164 Kobolda 19 March 1930
1172 Äneas 17 October 1930
1173 Anchises 17 October 1930
1174 Marmara 17 October 1930
1175 Margo 17 October 1930
1180 Rita 9 April 1931
1182 Ilona 3 March 1927
1183 Jutta 22 February 1930
1184 Gaea 5 September 1926
1187 Afra 6 December 1929
1198 Atlantis 7 September 1931
1200 Imperatrix 14 September 1931
1201 Strenua 14 September 1931
1204 Renzia 6 October 1931
important; height: 540px;
1205 Ebella 6 October 1931
1206 Numerowia 18 October 1931
1207 Ostenia 15 November 1931
1208 Troilus 31 December 1931
1209 Pumma 22 April 1927
1216 Askania 29 January 1932
1218 Aster 29 January 1932
1220 Crocus 11 February 1932
1223 Neckar 6 October 1931
1227 Geranium 5 October 1931
1228 Scabiosa 5 October 1931
1229 Tilia 9 October 1931
1230 Riceia 9 October 1931
1231 Auricula 10 October 1931
1232 Cortusa 10 October 1931
1233 Kobresia 10 October 1931
1234 Elyna 18 October 1931
1235 Schorria 18 October 1931
1249 Rutherfordia 4 November 1932
1250 Galanthus 25 January 1933
important; height: 540px;
1251 Hedera 25 January 1933
1253 Frisia 9 October 1931
1256 Normannia 8 August 1932
1257 Mora 8 August 1932
1258 Sicilia 8 August 1932
1259 Ógyalla 29 January 1933
1260 Walhalla 29 January 1933
1272 Gefion 10 October 1931
1273 Helma 8 August 1932
1275 Cimbria 30 November 1932
1284 Latvia 27 July 1933
1297 Quadea 7 January 1934
1298 Nocturna 7 January 1934
1302 Werra 28 September 1924
1304 Arosa 21 May 1928
1308 Halleria 12 March 1931
1311 Knopfia 24 March 1933
1317 Silvretta 1 September 1935
1322 Coppernicus 15 June 1934
1334 Lundmarka 16 July 1934
important; height: 540px;
1335 Demoulina 7 September 1934
1346 Gotha 5 February 1929
1370 Hella 31 August 1935
1371 Resi 31 August 1935
1372 Haremari 31 August 1935
1382 Gerti 21 January 1925
1395 Aribeda 16 July 1936
1399 Teneriffa 23 August 1936
1402 Eri 16 July 1936
1404 Ajax 17 August 1936
1408 Trusanda 23 November 1936
1409 Isko 8 January 1937
1410 Margret 8 January 1937
1411 Brauna 8 January 1937
1417 Walinskia 1 April 1937
1419 Danzig 5 September 1929
1420 Radcliffe 14 September 1931
1422 Strömgrenia 23 August 1936
1435 Garlena 23 November 1936
1437 Diomedes 3 August 1937
important; height: 540px;
1438 Wendeline 11 October 1937
1439 Vogtia 11 October 1937
1440 Rostia 11 October 1937
1443 Ruppina 29 December 1937
1457 Ankara 3 August 1937
1466 Mündleria 31 May 1938
1469 Linzia 19 August 1938
1481 Tübingia 7 February 1938
1482 Sebastiana 20 February 1938
1485 Isa 28 July 1938
1487 Boda 17 November 1938
1502 Arenda 17 November 1938
1528 Conrada 10 February 1940
1553 Bauersfelda 13 January 1940
1556 Wingolfia 14 January 1942
1557 Roehla 14 January 1942
1561 Fricke 15 February 1941
1562 Gondolatsch 9 March 1943
1587 Kahrstedt 25 March 1933
1611 Beyer 17 February 1950
important; height: 540px;
1612 Hirose 23 January 1950
1624 Rabe 9 October 1931
1628 Strobel 11 September 1923
1632 Sieböhme 26 February 1941
1635 Bohrmann 7 March 1924
1636 Porter 23 January 1950
1642 Hill 4 September 1951
1643 Brown 4 September 1951
1645 Waterfield 24 July 1933
1650 Heckmann 11 October 1937
1662 Hoffmann 11 September 1923
1665 Gaby 27 February 1930
1668 Hanna 24 July 1933
1669 Dagmar 7 September 1934
1673 van Houten 11 October 1937
1674 Groeneveld 7 February 1938
1682 Karel 2 August 1949
1691 Oort 9 September 1956
1704 Wachmann 7 March 1924
1706 Dieckvoss 5 October 1931
important; height: 540px;
1716 Peter 4 April 1934
1719 Jens 17 February 1950
1720 Niels 7 February 1935
1726 Hoffmeister 24 July 1933
1732 Heike 9 March 1943
1739 Meyermann 15 August 1939
1742 Schaifers 7 September 1934
1749 Telamon 23 September 1949
1750 Eckert 15 July 1950
1759 Kienle 11 September 1942
1782 Schneller 6 October 1931
1785 Wurm 15 February 1941
1814 Bach 9 October 1931
1815 Beethoven 27 January 1932
1818 Brahms 15 August 1939
1820 Lohmann 2 August 1949
1823 Gliese 4 September 1951
1825 Klare 31 August 1954
1849 Kresák 14 January 1942
1850 Kohoutek 23 March 1942
important; height: 540px;
1862 Apollo 24 April 1932
1880 McCrosky 13 January 1940
1881 Shao 3 August 1940
1913 Sekanina 22 September 1928
1941 Wild 6 October 1931
1944 Günter 14 September 1925
1950 Wempe 23 March 1942
1968 Mehltretter 29 January 1932
1985 Hopmann 13 January 1929
1990 Pilcher 9 March 1956
2018 Schuster 17 October 1931
2022 West 7 February 1938
2057 Rosemary 7 September 1934
2097 Galle 11 August 1953
2136 Jugta 24 July 1933
2137 Priscilla 24 August 1936
2157 Ashbrook 7 March 1924
2158 Tietjen 24 July 1933
2181 Fogelin 28 December 1942
2214 Carol 7 April 1953
important; height: 540px;
2235 Vittore 5 April 1924
2236 Austrasia 23 March 1933
2248 Kanda 27 February 1933
2249 Yamamoto 6 April 1942
2278 Götz 7 April 1953
2290 Helffrich 14 February 1932
2306 Bauschinger 15 August 1939
2346 Lilio 5 February 1934
2358 Bahner 2 September 1929
2359 Debehogne 5 October 1931
2391 Tomita 9 January 1957
2414 Vibeke 18 October 1931
2444 Lederle 5 February 1934
2453 Wabash 30 September 1921
2465 Wilson 2 August 1949
2485 Scheffler 29 January 1932
2500 Alascattalo 2 April 1926
2537 Gilmore 4 September 1951
2560 Siegma 14 February 1932
2572 Annschnell 17 February 1950
important; height: 540px;
2591 Dworetsky 2 August 1949
2615 Saito 4 September 1951
2623 Zech 22 September 1919
2637 Bobrovnikoff 22 September 1919
2652 Yabuuti 7 April 1953
2664 Everhart 7 September 1934
2676 Aarhus 25 August 1933
2749 Walterhorn 11 October 1937
2806 Graz 7 April 1953
2824 Franke 4 February 1934
2855 Bastian 10 October 1931
2856 Röser 14 April 1933
2879 Shimizu 14 February 1932
2896 Preiss 15 September 1931
2897 Ole Römer 5 February 1932
2942 Cordie 29 January 1932
2943 Heinrich 25 August 1933
2944 Peyo 31 August 1935
2957 Tatsuo 5 February 1934
3008 Nojiri 17 November 1938
important; height: 540px;
3020 Naudts 2 August 1949
3035 Chambers 7 March 1924
3144 Brosche 10 October 1931
3183 Franzkaiser 2 August 1949
3219 Komaki 4 February 1934
3227 Hasegawa 24 February 1928
3263 Bligh 5 February 1932
3264 Bounty 7 January 1934
3265 Fletcher 9 November 1953
3289 Mitani 7 September 1934
3295 Murakami 17 February 1950
3370 Kohsai 4 February 1934
3379 Oishi 6 October 1931
3383 Koyama 9 January 1951
3404 Hinderer 4 February 1934
3415 Danby 22 September 1928
3416 Dorrit 8 November 1931
3417 Tamblyn 1 April 1937
3425 Hurukawa 29 January 1929
3426 Seki 5 February 1932
important; height: 540px;
3440 Stampfer 17 February 1950
3446 Combes 12 March 1942
3473 Sapporo 7 March 1924
3500 Kobayashi 18 September 1919
3555 Miyasaka 6 October 1931
3569 Kumon 20 February 1938
3644 Kojitaku 5 October 1931
3682 Welther 12 July 1923
3707 Schröter 5 February 1934
3722 Urata 29 October 1927
3745 Petaev 23 September 1949
3790 Raywilson 26 October 1937
3911 Otomo 31 August 1940
3937 Bretagnon 14 March 1932
3938 Chapront 2 August 1949
3939 Huruhata 7 April 1953
3957 Sugie 24 July 1933
4001 Ptolemaeus 2 August 1949
4002 Shinagawa 14 May 1950
4417 Lecar 8 April 1931
important; height: 540px;
4418 Fredfranklin 9 October 1931
4419 Allancook 24 April 1932
4421 Kayor 14 January 1942
4589 McDowell 24 July 1933
4615 Zinner 13 September 1923
4647 Syuji 9 October 1931
4648 Tirion 18 October 1931
4650 Mori 5 October 1950
4723 Wolfgangmattig 11 October 1937
4808 Ballaero 21 January 1925
4849 Ardenne 17 August 1936
4910 Kawasato 11 August 1953
4979 Otawara 2 August 1949
5072 Hioki 9 October 1931
5152 Labs 18 October 1931
5494 Johanmohr 19 October 1933
5532 Ichinohe 14 February 1932
5535 Annefrank 23 March 1942
5657 Groombridge 28 August 1936
5658 Clausbaader 17 February 1950
important; height: 404px;
5703 Hevelius 15 November 1931
5704 Schumacher 17 February 1950
6260 Kelsey 2 August 1949
6808 Plantin 5 February 1932
6809 Sakuma 20 February 1938
7042 Carver 24 March 1933
7103 Wichmann 7 April 1953
7449 Döllen 21 August 1949
7542 Johnpond 7 April 1953
11434 Lohnert 10 October 1931
[[(11435) 1931 UB{{{2}}}|(11435) 1931 UB{{{2}}}]] 17 October 1931
13473 Hokema 7 April 1953
[[(30717) 1937 UD{{{2}}}|(30717) 1937 UD{{{2}}}]] 26 October 1937
32730 Lamarr 4 September 1951
69230 Hermes 28 October 1937


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Works

  • The Herschel nebulas, De Gruyter, Berlin 1926
  • Catalog of 6.500 exact photographic positions of small planets, brown, Karlsruhe 1953

References

  1. ^ أ ب "Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)". Minor Planet Center. 4 September 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  2. ^ أ ب ت Reinmuth, Karl (December 1979). "Obituary notice of". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 7: 10. Bibcode:1979MPBu....7...10R.
  3. ^ أ ب Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1111) Reinmuthia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 94. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1112. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  4. ^ Roland Wielen; Ute Wielen (2012). "Von Berlin über Sermuth nach Heidelberg – Das Schicksal des Astronomischen Rechen-Instituts in der Zeit von 1924 bis 1954 anhand von Schriftstucken aus dem Archiv des Instituts" (PDF) (in الألمانية). Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum fur Astronomie, Universität Heidelberg. p. 374. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  5. ^ "5535 Annefrank (1942 EM)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  6. ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 30P/Reinmuth 1". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  7. ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 44P/Reinmuth 2". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  8. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1234) Elyna. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 102–103. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1235. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.

External links

Obituaries