قائمة المواضيع الأساسية في الفيزياء

For a more comprehensive list, see the List of physics topics.

قائمة المواضيع الأساسية في الفيزياء تغطي الكثير من الفيزياء, وهي العلم الذي يختص باكتشاف وفهم of the fundamental laws which govern matter, الطاقة, space, وtime. Physics deals with the elementary constituents of the Universe and their interactions, as well as the analysis of systems best understood in terms of these fundamental principles. Because physics treats the core workings of the universe, including the quantum mechanical details which underpin all atomic interactions, it can be thought of as the foundational science, upon which stands "the central science" of الكيمياء, the علوم الأرض, biological sciences, and social sciences. Discoveries in basic physics have important ramifications for all of science.

قائمة المواضيع التالية is provided as an overview of and introduction to physics:

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من أين تبدأ

انظر: بوابة:الفيزياء.
For those seeking an overview of the fundamental categories of physics, see the subcategories of Category:مفاهيم الفيزياء الأساسية.

For students, there is a school course which starts with Physics First. The Physical Science Study Committee (1956) committed to production of the textbook PSSC Physics (1960). Other efforts include the Berkeley physics series and the Feynman Lectures on Physics.

In addition, it is helpful to prepare for the act of study. See مهارات الدراسة in the تصنيف:Learning methods.


جوهر الفيزياء

المقال الرئيسي: فيزياء

Physics started with a philosophical commitment to simplicity. It should not be considered a difficult subject (although it is deep); one can learn classical physics on a playground, which describes the motion of balls, swings, slides and merry-go-rounds.

النظرية الفروع الرئيسية المفاهيم
ميكانيكا كلاسيكية Newton's laws of motion, Lagrangian mechanics, ميكانيكا هاملتونية, Kinematics, ستاتيكا, Dynamics, Chaos theory, Acoustics, Fluid dynamics, Continuum mechanics كثافة, Dimension, Gravity, Space, زمن, حركة, طول, Position, Velocity, عجلة/تسارع, كتلة, Momentum, Force, طاقة, عزم زاوي, Torque, Conservation law, Harmonic oscillator, موجة, Work, Power
Electromagnetism Electrostatics, Electrodynamics, كهرباء, مغناطيسية, Maxwell's equations, Optics Capacitance, شحنة كهربية, Current, Electrical conductivity, Electric field, Electric permittivity, Electrical resistance, Electromagnetic field, Electromagnetic induction, Electromagnetic radiation, Gaussian surface, Magnetic field, Magnetic flux, Magnetic monopole, Magnetic permeability
نظرية النسبية نسبية خاصة, نسبية عامة, Einstein field equations Covariance, Einstein manifold, Equivalence principle, Four-momentum, Four-vector, General principle of relativity, Geodesic motion, Gravity, Gravitoelectromagnetism, Inertial frame of reference, Invariance, انكماش, Lorentzian manifold, Lorentz transformation, Metric, Minkowski diagram, Minkowski space, Principle of Relativity, Proper length, Proper time, Reference frame, Rest energy, Rest mass, Relativity of simultaneity, Spacetime, Special principle of relativity, سرعة الضوء, Stress-energy tensor, Time dilation, Twin paradox, World line
ترموديناميكا وميكانيكا احصائية Heat engine, Kinetic theory Boltzmann's constant, Conjugate variables, Enthalpy, Entropy, Equation of state, Equipartition theorem, First Law of Thermodynamics, Free energy, Heat, Ideal gas law, Internal energy, Irreversible process, Partition function, Pressure, Reversible process, Second Law of Thermodynamics, Spontaneous process, State function, Statistical ensemble, Temperature, Thermodynamic equilibrium, Thermodynamic potential, Thermodynamic processes, Thermodynamic state, Thermodynamic system, Third Law of Thermodynamics, لزوجة, Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Quantum mechanics Path integral formulation, Scattering theory, Schrödinger equation, Quantum field theory, Quantum statistical mechanics Adiabatic approximation, Correspondence principle, Free particle, Hamiltonian, Hilbert space, Identical particles, Matrix Mechanics, Planck's constant, Operators, Quanta, Quantization, Quantum entanglement, Quantum harmonic oscillator, Quantum number, Quantum tunneling, Schrödinger's cat, Dirac equation, Spin, Wavefunction, Wave mechanics, Wave-particle duality, Zero-point energy, Pauli Exclusion Principle, Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

أفرع الفيزياء

المجال الفروع النظريات الرئيسية المفاهيم
Astrophysics Cosmology, Gravitation physics, High-energy astrophysics, Planetary astrophysics, Plasma physics, Space physics, Stellar astrophysics Big Bang, Lambda-CDM model, Cosmic inflation, General relativity, Law of universal gravitation Black hole, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmic string, Cosmos, Dark energy, Dark matter, Galaxy, Gravity, Gravitational radiation, Gravitational singularity, كوكب, Solar system, نجم, Supernova, Universe
Atomic, molecular, and optical physics Atomic physics, Molecular physics, Atomic and Molecular astrophysics, Chemical physics, Optics, Photonics Quantum optics, Quantum chemistry, Quantum information science Atom, Molecule, Diffraction, Electromagnetic radiation, Laser, Polarization, Spectral line, Casimir effect
Particle physics Accelerator physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear astrophysics, Particle astrophysics, Particle physics phenomenology Standard Model, Quantum field theory, Quantum chromodynamics, Electroweak theory, Effective field theory, Lattice field theory, Lattice gauge theory, Gauge theory, Supersymmetry, Grand unification theory, Superstring theory, M-theory Fundamental force (gravitational, electromagnetic, weak, strong), Elementary particle, Spin, Antimatter, Spontaneous symmetry breaking, Brane, String, Quantum gravity, Theory of everything, Vacuum energy
Condensed matter physics Solid state physics, High pressure physics, Low-temperature physics, Nanoscale and mesoscopic physics, فيزياء البوليمر BCS theory, Bloch wave, Fermi gas, Fermi liquid, Many-body theory Phases (غاز, سائل, solid, Bose-Einstein condensate, superconductor, superfluid), Electrical conduction, مغناطيسية, Self-organization, Spin, Spontaneous symmetry breaking

تاريخ الفيزياء

المقال الرئيسي: تاريخ الفيزياء

مفاهيم الفيزياء الأولية

  • المفاهيم العامة
Gravity - Light - Physical system - Physical observation - Physical quantity - Physical state - Physical unit - Physical theory - Physical experiment -
  • المفاهيم النظرية
Mass-energy equivalence - Particle - Physical field - Physical interaction - Physical law - Fundamental force - Physical constant - Wave
  • الكميات الأساسية
Space - Length - Time - كتلة - Electric charge - طاقة - Matter - Potential - Force - Momentum - سرعة - Acceleration - Entropy - Temperature
  • Subfields
Acoustics - Aerodynamics - Classical mechanics - Condensed matter physics - Cosmology - Dynamics - Electromagnetism - Hydrodynamics - Kinematics - Mathematical physics - Mechanics - Optics - plasma physics - Quantum mechanics - Relativity - Statics - Thermodynamics

مشاهير الفيزيائيين

فيزيائيون مشهورون

القائمة الرئيسية: قائمة الفيزيائيين

قوائم الفيزياء

Main article: List of physics topics


حقول الفيزياء

النظريات

النظريات الأساسية


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النظريات المقترحة

النظريات المستقبلية


مفاهيم

القوى الاساسية

الدَّقائِقُ (الجسيمات)

حقول الفيزياء الفرعية

طَرائِق الفيزياء

جداول

تاريخ

ميادين متعلقة


انظر أيضاً

هامش

  1. ^ Eminent scientists, Published by scholastic India pvt. Ltd.

وصلات خارجية

يمكنك أن تجد معلومات أكثر عن Physics عن طريق البحث في مشاريع المعرفة:

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Commons-logo.svg صور و ملفات صوتية من كومونز
Wikinews-logo.png أخبار من معرفة الأخبار.