جائزة وولف في الفيزياء

(تم التحويل من Wolf Prize in Physics)

جائزة وولف في الفيزياء بالإنجليزية Wolf Prize in Physics ، هي جائزة سنوية تمنح من مؤسسة وولف. وهي واحدة من ست جوائز والتي تمنح من المؤسسة وذلك منذ عام 1978 ، وهم الكيمياء ، الزراعة ، الرياضيات ، الطب ، و الفنون. وتأتي جائزة وولف في الفيزياء مباشرة بعد جائزة نوبل.[1].

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الفائزون[2]

Year Name Nationality Citation
1978 Chien-Shiung Wu  الولايات المتحدة /  تايوان for her explorations of the weak interaction, helping establish the precise form and the non-conservation of parity for this natural force.
1979 George Eugene Uhlenbeck  هولندا /  الولايات المتحدة for his discovery, jointly with the late S. A. Goudsmit, of the electron spin.
Giuseppe Occhialini  إيطاليا for his contributions to the discoveries of electron pair production and of the charged pion.
1980 Michael E. Fisher
Leo P. Kadanoff
Kenneth G. Wilson
 المملكة المتحدة
 الولايات المتحدة
 الولايات المتحدة
for pathbreaking developments culminating in the general theory of the critical behavior at transitions between the different thermodynamic phases of matter.
1981 Freeman J. Dyson
Gerard 't Hooft
Victor F. Weisskopf
 المملكة المتحدة /  الولايات المتحدة;
 هولندا;
 النمسا /  الولايات المتحدة
for their outstanding contributions to theoretical physics, especially in the development and application of the quantum theory of fields.
1982 Leon M. Lederman
Martin Lewis Perl
 الولايات المتحدة
 الولايات المتحدة
for their experimental discovery of unexpected new particles establishing a third generation of quarks and leptons.
1983/84 Erwin Hahn  الولايات المتحدة for his discovery of nuclear spin echoes and for the phenomenon of self-induced transparency.
Peter B. Hirsch  المملكة المتحدة for his development of the utilization of the transmission electron microscope as a universal instrument to study the structure of crystalline matter.
Theodore H. Maiman  الولايات المتحدة for his realization of the first operating laser, the pulsed three level ruby laser.
1985 Conyers Herring
Philippe Nozieres
 الولايات المتحدة
 فرنسا
for their major contributions to the fundamental theory of solids, especially of the behaviour of electrons in metals.
1986 Mitchell J. Feigenbaum  الولايات المتحدة for his pioneering theoretical studies demonstrating the universal character of non-linear systems, which has made possible the systematic study of chaos.
Albert J. Libchaber  فرنسا /  الولايات المتحدة for his brilliant experimental demonstration of the transition to turbulence and chaos in dynamic systems.
1987 Herbert Friedman  الولايات المتحدة for pioneering investigations in solar X-rays.
Bruno B. Rossi
Riccardo Giacconi
 إيطاليا /  الولايات المتحدة
 إيطاليا /  الولايات المتحدة
for the discovery of extra-solar X-ray sources and the elucidation of their physical processes.
1988 Roger Penrose
Stephen W. Hawking
 المملكة المتحدة
 المملكة المتحدة
for their brilliant development of the theory of general relativity, in which they have shown the necessity for cosmological singularities and have elucidated the physics of black holes. In this work they have greatly enlarged our understanding of the origin and possible fate of the Universe.
1989 No award
1990 Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
David J. Thouless
 فرنسا;
 المملكة المتحدة /  الولايات المتحدة
for a wide variety of pioneering contributions to our understanding of the organization of complex condensed matter systems, de Gennes especially for his work on macromolecular matter and liquid crystals and Thouless for his on disordered and low-dimensional systems.
1991 Maurice Goldhaber
Valentine L. Telegdi
 الولايات المتحدة;
 سويسرا /  الولايات المتحدة
for their separate seminal contributions to nuclear and particle physics, particularly those concerning the weak interactions involving leptons.
1992 Joseph H. Taylor, Jr.  الولايات المتحدة for his discovery of an orbiting radio pulsar and its exploitation to verify the general theory of relativity to high precision.
1993 Benoît Mandelbrot  فرنسا /  الولايات المتحدة by recognizing the widespread occurrence of fractals and developing mathematical tools for describing them, he has changed our view of nature.
1994/95 Vitaly L. Ginzburg  روسيا for his contributions to the theory of superconductivity and to the theory of high-energy processes in astrophysics.
Yoichiro Nambu  اليابان /  الولايات المتحدة for his contribution to elementary particle theory, including recognition of the role played by spontaneous symmetry breaking in analogy with superconductivity theory, and the discovery of the color symmetry of the strong interactions.
1995/96 No award
1996/97 John Archibald Wheeler  الولايات المتحدة for his seminal contributions to black holes physics, to quantum gravity, and to the theories of nuclear scattering and nuclear fission.
1998 Yakir Aharonov
Michael V. Berry
 إسرائيل
 المملكة المتحدة
for the discovery of quantum topological and geometrical phases. specifically the Aharonov–Bohm effect, the Berry phase, and their incorporation into many fields of physics.
1999 Dan Shechtman  إسرائيل for the experimental discovery of quasi-crystals, non-periodic solids having long-range order, which inspired the exploration of a new fundamental state of matter.
2000 Raymond Davis, Jr.
Masatoshi Koshiba
 الولايات المتحدة
 اليابان
for their pioneering observations of astronomical phenomena by detection of neutrinos, thus creating the emerging field of neutrino astronomy.
2001 No award
2002/03 Bertrand I. Halperin
Anthony J. Leggett
 الولايات المتحدة;
 المملكة المتحدة /  الولايات المتحدة
for key insights into the broad range of condensed matter physics: Leggett on superfluidity of the light helium isotope and macroscopic quantum phenomena; and Halperin on two- dimensional melting, disordered systems and strongly interacting electrons.
2004 Robert Brout
François Englert
Peter W. Higgs
 بلجيكا
 بلجيكا
 المملكة المتحدة
for pioneering work that has led to the insight of mass generation whenever a local gauge symmetry is realized asymmetrically in the world of sub-atomic particles.
2005 Daniel Kleppner  الولايات المتحدة for groundbreaking work in atomic physics of hydrogenic systems, including research on the hydrogen maser, Rydberg atoms and Bose–Einstein condensation.
2006/07 Albert Fert
Peter Grünberg
 فرنسا
 ألمانيا
for their independent discovery of the giant magnetoresistance phenomenon (GMR), thereby launching a new field of research and applications known as spintronics, which utilizes the spin of the electron to store and transport information.
2008 No award
2009 No award
2010 John F. Clauser
Alain Aspect
Anton Zeilinger
 الولايات المتحدة
 فرنسا
 النمسا
for their fundamental conceptual and experimental contributions to the foundations of quantum physics, specifically an increasingly sophisticated series of tests of Bell's inequalities, or extensions thereof, using entangled quantum states.
2011 Maximilian Haider
Harald Rose
Knut Urban
 النمسا
 ألمانيا
 ألمانيا
for their development of aberration-corrected electron microscopy, allowing the observation of individual atoms with picometer precision, thus revolutionizing materials science.
2012 Jacob D. Bekenstein  إسرائيل for his work on black holes.[3]
2013 Peter Zoller
Ignacio Cirac
 النمسا
 إسپانيا
for groundbreaking theoretical contributions to quantum information processing, quantum optics and the physics of quantum gases.
2014 No award
2015 James D. Bjorken  الولايات المتحدة for predicting scaling in deep inelastic scattering, leading to identification of nucleon's pointlike constituents. He made a crucial contribution for elucidating the nature of the strong force.
Robert P. Kirshner  الولايات المتحدة for creating the group, environment and directions that allowed his graduate students and postdoctoral fellows to uncover the acceleration in the expansion of the universe.
2016 Yoseph Imry  إسرائيل for his work in mesoscopic physics – a branch of physics that studies objects that are smaller than macroscopic (visible to the naked eye) objects but bigger than atoms.
2017 Michel Mayor
Didier Queloz
 سويسرا
 سويسرا
for the discovery of an extrasolar planet orbiting around a star similar to the sun.
2018 Charles H. Bennett
Gilles Brassard
 الولايات المتحدة
 كندا
for their collaborative work in the rapidly expanding field of quantum information science.
2019 No award
2020 Rafi Bistritzer
Pablo Jarillo-Herrero
Allan H. MacDonald
 إسرائيل
 إسپانيا
 كندا
for pioneering theoretical and experimental work on twisted bilayer graphene.[4]
2021 Giorgio Parisi  إيطاليا for ground-breaking discoveries in disordered systems, particle physics and statistical physics.[5]


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