كوِرناڤاكا
Cuernavaca
Cuauhnahuac | |
|---|---|
City and Municipality | |
 .jpg)     Cuernavaca City | |
 Coat of arms | |
| الكنية: "City of Eternal Spring" | |
  Cuernavaca Location in Mexico  Cuernavaca Cuernavaca (المكسيك) | |
| الإحداثيات: 18°55′07″N 99°14′03″W / 18.91861°N 99.23417°WCoordinates: 18°55′07″N 99°14′03″W / 18.91861°N 99.23417°W | |
| Country |  المكسيك |
| State | Morelos |
| Founded | 1714 |
| Municipal Status | 1821 |
| الحكومة | |
| • Municipal President | Francisco Antonio Villalobos Juntos Haremos Historia |
| المساحة | |
| • Municipality | 151٫2 كم² (58٫4 ميل²) |
| المنسوب (of seat) | 1٬510 m (4٬950 ft) |
| التعداد (2015[1]) Municipality | |
| • Municipality | 366٬321 |
| • Seat | 332٬197 |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC−6 (CST) |
| • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| Postal code (of seat) | 62000 |
| مفتاح الهاتف | 777 |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | (in إسپانية) /Official site |
Cuernavaca (النطق الإسپاني: [kweɾnaˈβaka]; ناهواتل كلاسيكية: [Cuauhnāhuac] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) [kʷawˈnaːwak] "near the woods", modern Nahuatl pronunciation ) is the capital and largest city of the state of Morelos in Mexico. The city is located around a 90-minute drive south of Mexico City using the Federal Highway 95D.[2]
The name "Cuernavaca" is an euphonism derived from the Nahuatl toponym "Cuauhnāhuac" and means "surrounded by or close to trees". The name was Hispanicized to Cuernavaca; Hernán Cortés called it Coadnabaced in his letters to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and Bernal Díaz del Castillo used the name Cuautlavaca in his chronicles.[3] The coat-of-arms of the municipality is based on the pre-Columbian pictograph emblem of the city which depicts a tree trunk (cuahuitl) with three branches, with foliage, and four roots colored red. There is a cut in the trunk in the form of a mouth, from which emerges a speech scroll, probably representing the language Nahuatl and by extension the locative suffix "-nāhuac", meaning "near".[4]
Cuernavaca has long been a favorite escape for Mexico City and foreign visitors because of its warm, stable climate and abundant vegetation. The municipality was designated a Forest Protection Zone by President Lázaro Cárdenas in 1937 to protect the aquifers, the vegetation and the quality of life of residents both in Mexico City and locally.[5] The city was nicknamed the "City of Eternal Spring" by Alexander von Humboldt in the 19th century.[6] Aztec emperors had summer residences there, and considering its location of just a 1½-hour drive from Mexico City, today many Mexico City residents maintain homes there.[7] Cuernavaca is also host to a large foreign resident population, including large numbers of students who come to study the Spanish language.[8]
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The city
City of Eternal Spring
History
Indigenous peoples
Spanish Conquest and colonization
Geography
Climate
| بيانات مناخ Cuernavaca (1951–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | العام |
| العظمى القياسية °س (°ف) | 31.5 (88.7) |
37.0 (98.6) |
36.0 (96.8) |
39.5 (103.1) |
37.5 (99.5) |
36.0 (96.8) |
34.0 (93.2) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.5 (88.7) |
36.0 (96.8) |
31.0 (87.8) |
34.0 (93.2) |
39٫5 (103٫1) |
| العظمى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | 25.2 (77.4) |
26.5 (79.7) |
28.8 (83.8) |
30.1 (86.2) |
29.7 (85.5) |
27.1 (80.8) |
26.2 (79.2) |
26.1 (79) |
25.1 (77.2) |
25.9 (78.6) |
25.8 (78.4) |
25.2 (77.4) |
26٫8 (80٫2) |
| المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) | 18.7 (65.7) |
19.9 (67.8) |
21.9 (71.4) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.5 (74.3) |
22.0 (71.6) |
21.1 (70) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.4 (68.7) |
20.4 (68.7) |
19.7 (67.5) |
18.9 (66) |
20٫9 (69٫6) |
| الصغرى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | 12.2 (54) |
13.3 (55.9) |
15.0 (59) |
16.6 (61.9) |
17.3 (63.1) |
16.8 (62.2) |
16.0 (60.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.7 (60.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
12.7 (54.9) |
15٫0 (59) |
| الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) | 3.0 (37.4) |
5.0 (41) |
6.5 (43.7) |
10.0 (50) |
11.0 (51.8) |
10.0 (50) |
11.0 (51.8) |
10.0 (50) |
10.0 (50) |
9.0 (48.2) |
3.0 (37.4) |
5.0 (41) |
3٫0 (37٫4) |
| هطول mm (inches) | 13.6 (0.535) |
7.2 (0.283) |
5.6 (0.22) |
15.5 (0.61) |
57.7 (2.272) |
250.9 (9.878) |
266.7 (10.5) |
268.1 (10.555) |
256.3 (10.091) |
100.2 (3.945) |
16.7 (0.657) |
5.2 (0.205) |
1٬263٫7 (49٫752) |
| % Humidity | 51 | 47 | 39 | 40 | 48 | 62 | 68 | 67 | 73 | 68 | 60 | 56 | 57 |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 3.3 | 8.6 | 18.8 | 20.7 | 21.0 | 20.0 | 9.7 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 109٫5 |
| Sunshine hours | 277 | 271 | 293 | 276 | 263 | 209 | 239 | 219 | 189 | 237 | 268 | 270 | 3٬011 |
| Source #1: Servicio Meteorologico Nacional (humidity 1981–2000)[9][10] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun, 1961–1990)[11][أ] | |||||||||||||
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الاقتصاد
International relations
البلدات التوأم - المدن الشقيقة
Cuernavaca is twinned with:
Popular culture
Legendary jazz double bassist Charles Mingus died in the city on 5 January 1979.[14]
Novels set in Cuernavaca
- Under the Volcano by Malcolm Lowry.[15]
- Please Write For Details by John D. MacDonald
- Profunda Retaguardia: Novela de Cuernavaca by Spanish poet José Herrera Petere.[16]
- Cuernavaca by Richard W Perhacs ISBN 1493785265 & ISBN 978-1493785261.
- Zami: A New Spelling of My Name by Audre Lorde is partly set in Cuernavaca.
Songs in English that reference Cuernavaca
- Veracruz by Warren Zevon.
- Cuernavaca Choo Choo by Bob Crewe and Frank Slay (Swan 1959).[17]
Songs in Spanish that reference Cuernavaca:
- La Feria de la Flor by Mariachi Vargas de Tecalitlan
- Los Chanates by Régulo Caro (2014)
- Que Rechula Es Katy by Juan Gabriel (1997)
- Al Que Fue Mi Apa by La Estructura (2014)
- El Desconocido by Larry Hernandez & Gerardo Ortiz (2015)
- El Adios De Botas Blancas by Los Hijos De Barron (2016)
- Pulque, Mescal y Tequila by Thiéfaine (2008)
- Sábado Distrito Federal by Chava Flores (2005) and by Los Estramboticos (2010)
- El Vendador Ambulante by Traviezoz De La Zierra (2016)
Movies set in Cuernavaca
- Under the Volcano (1984 film), based on the Malcolm Lowrey novel, directed by John Huston (1984)
- Cuernavaca directed Alejandro Andrade Pease (2017)
- The 'Bolivia' scenes from "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid" were filmed in and around Cuernavaca
See also
- Cuernavaca Center for Intercultural Dialogue on Development
- Governors of Morelos
- List of people from Morelos, Mexico
Notes
- ^ Station ID for Cuernavaca, Mor. is 76726 Use this station ID to locate the sunshine duration
References
- ^ http://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/mor/poblacion/ Retrieved Dee 18, 2018.
- ^ Wright, Anthony (2009-04-17). "In Morelos, Cuernavaca springs eternal". MexConnect. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
- ^ "Estos 11 nombres Mexicanos surgiegeron por malentendidos entre los Españoles y los y los pueblos Mesoamericanos" [These 11 names came from misunderstandings between the Spanish and the Mesoamerican peoples] (in الإسبانية). El Pais. Mar 28, 2017. Retrieved Dec 30, 2018.
- ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México ESTADO DE MORELOS CUERNAVACA" (in الإسبانية). Archived from the original on 2008-11-19. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
- ^ http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Proy-Acuerdo-Declarat-area-nat-BOSQUE-MIRADOR-1.pdf accessed Dec 30, 2018
- ^ Kastelein, Barbara (November 2006). "Cuernavaca: la verdadera historia de su eterna primavera" [Cuernavaca: The true story of its eternal spring]. Mexico City: Revista Travesias. Archived from the original on 2009-09-20. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
- ^ "Cuernavaca, Mexico Caminando sin rumbo" [Cuernavaca, Mexico: Wandering aimlessly] (in الإسبانية). July 2006. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
- ^ Morse, Emily. "Cuernavaca, Mexico: The Perfect Place to Study Spanish". Retrieved 2009-09-28.
- ^ "Estado de Morelos-Estacion: Cuernavaca". Normales Climatologicas 1951–2010 (in الإسبانية). Servicio Meteorologico Nacional. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
- ^ "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981–2000" (PDF) (in الإسبانية). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
- ^ "Station 76726: Cuernavaca, Mor". Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from the original on 2017-10-17. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- ^ "Cuernavaca, Morelos". Denver Sister Cities International. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
- ^ "International Exchange". List of Affiliation Partners within Prefectures (in الإنجليزية). Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
- ^ https://www.nytimes.com/1979/01/09/archives/charles-mingus-56-bass-player-bandleader-and-composer-dead-an.html Retrieved Dec 17, 2018.
- ^ Lowry, M., 1947, Under the Volcano, New York: The New American Library, Inc.
- ^ "La presencia de los nazis en Cuernavaca #PrimerosCapítulos - Aristegui Noticias". aristeguinoticias.com.
- ^ "(Kwa-Na-Va-Ka) Cuernavaca Choo Choo". Discogs.
External links
- Ayuntamiento de Cuernavaca Official website
- Amenaza destitución al alcalde de Cuernavaca Diario de Morelos
- BreakingNews Cuernavaca Morelos BreakingNews – Diario de Morelos
- Cathedral web page (Spanish)
- CS1 الإسبانية-language sources (es)
- Short description is different from Wikidata
- Coordinates on Wikidata
- Articles with إسپانية-language sources (es)
- Lang and lang-xx template errors
- Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page
- Cuernavaca
- Capitals of states of Mexico
- People from Cuernavaca
- Municipalities of Morelos
- Populated places in Morelos
- Cities in Mexico
- Nahua settlements
- Populated places established in 1560