تشارلز فايزر

(تم التحويل من Charles Pfizer)
تشارلز فايزر
Charles Pfizer
Charlespfizer.jpg
فايزر، 1894ح. 1894
وُلِدَ
Karl Christian Friedrich Pfizer

(1824-03-22)مارس 22, 1824
لودڤيگس‌بورگ، مملكة ڤورتمبرگ
توفيأكتوبر 19, 1906(1906-10-19) (aged 82)
نيوپورت، رود آيلاند، الولايات المتحدة
الجنسيةألماني وأمريكي
المهنةكيميائي
سنوات النشاط1849–1900
اللقبCo-founder of Pfizer
الزوجAnna Hausch (ز. 1859)
الأنجال6

كارل كريستيان فريدرش فايزر ( Karl Christian Friedrich Pfizer ؛ ألمانية: [kaʁl ˈpfɪtsɐ]؛ 22 مارس 1824 – 19 أكتوبر 1906)، عـُرِف بإسم تشارلز فايزر Charles Pfizer، كان رجل أعمال وكيميائي ألماني-أمريكي شارك في تأسيس شركة فايزر للمستحضرات الصيدلية مع ابن خاله، تشارلز إرهارت، في 1849، بإسم Chas. Pfizer & Co. Inc.

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الحياة والعائلة

He was born Karl Christian Friedrich[1][2] to Karl Frederick Pfizer and Caroline Klotz. Like his older cousin, future business partner and brother-in-law, Karl Erhart, Pfizer was born in Ludwigsburg, Kingdom of Württemberg[3] (now Germany).[4] During his early years, he worked as an apothecary's apprentice.[5] He emigrated to the United States in October 1848.[6]

Pfizer married Anna Hausch, in 1859, in his hometown of Ludwigsburg. He met Hausch during one of his trips to Europe to establish contacts with exporters of raw materials.[7] The couple had six children, five of whom survived to adulthood: Charles Jr (1860–1928), Gustavus (1861–1944), Emile (1864–1941), Helen Julia (born 1866, who married Sir Frederick Duncan, 2nd Baronet),[8] Alice (who married Baron de (Bachofen von Echt) of Austria), and Ann (1875–1876).[9] Charles and Emile also worked for Pfizer's company.[7] The family lived at Brooklyn's upscale Clinton Hill.[7] Pfizer built a Lutheran Church in New York.[10]


السيرة

In 1849, he borrowed US$2,500 from his father to buy a commercial building in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. He then co-founded Chas. Pfizer & Co. Inc.[11] Due to Pfizer's experience in chemistry and his partner's background as a confectioner, the company was initially engaged in the manufacture of food flavorings, iodine preparations, and citric acid for softdrink production.[5] They also produced santonin, an antiparasitic, later expanding production to other chemicals.[3]

Pfizer's partner and cousin, Charles F. Erhart, also wed his sister, Frances,[12] becoming his brother-in-law. When Erhart died, in 1891, their partnership agreement came into effect, which stipulated that the surviving partner could buy the other's share of the company for half of its inventory value. Pfizer promptly exercised this option, paying his partner's heirs $119,350 for Erhart's half of the business.[3] He remained as the head of the company for 51 years, until 1900, when it was incorporated. Charles Pfizer Jr. then became the company's first president; he was later succeeded by his brother, Emile.[3]

الإصابة والوفاة 1906

توفي فايزر في 19 أكتوبر 1906[5] في منزله الصيفي، "Lindgate"، في نيوپورت، رود آيلاند؛ بيته الرئيسي كان في كلنتون هيل، بروكلن. وفاته كانت إثر سقوطه على السلالم، قبل أسابيع، والذي انكسرت فيه ذراعه بالإضافة لجروح أخرى.[13] وقد دُفِن في مقبرة گرين-وود بنيويورك.[5]

المراجع

  1. ^ German-American Business Biographies. E-knihy jedou. 2001. p. 348. ISBN 978-0-9703748-1-3. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
  2. ^ Ivan Kazimour. Historie zdravotnictvi. E-knihy jedou. p. 283. ISBN 978-80-7512-758-7. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
  3. ^ أ ب ت ث "History: Charles Pfizer" (in الإنجليزية). Pfizer. Archived from the original on May 10, 2017. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
  4. ^ Pfannstiel, Mario A.; Kassel, Kristin; Rasche, Christoph (2020). Innovationen und Innovationsmanagement im Gesundheitswesen: Technologien, Produkte und Dienstleistungen voranbringen (in الألمانية). Weisbaden: Springer-Verlag. p. 360. ISBN 978-3-658-28642-2.
  5. ^ أ ب ت ث Lee, Laura (2001). The Name's Familiar II (in الإنجليزية). Gretna, Louisiana: Pelican Publishing. p. 270. ISBN 1-56554-822-1.
  6. ^ U.S. Passport Application for Charles Pfizer, May 1899; National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); Washington D.C.; NARA Series: Passport Applications, 1795–1905; Roll #: 525; Volume #: Roll 525 – May 11, 1899 – May 19, 1899
  7. ^ أ ب ت Ziegler-McPherson, Christina A. (2021). The Great Disappearing Act: Germans in New York City, 1880–1930 (in الإنجليزية). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-1-9788-2319-8.
  8. ^ "Sir Oliver Duncan". The New York Times. September 26, 1964.
  9. ^ "Charles Pfizer". Immigrant Entrepreneurship (in الإنجليزية). January 1, 2017. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
  10. ^ Sacred Havens of Brooklyn: Spiritual Places and Peaceful Grounds. Arcadia. May 21, 2013. ISBN 9781625840516.
  11. ^ "Trade catalogs from Chas. Pfizer & Co. Inc". National Museum of American History (in الإنجليزية). Smithsonian. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
  12. ^ Vereinigung des Adels in Bayern e. V. (Hrsg.): Genealogisches Handbuch des in Bayern immatrikulierten Adels, Band XV, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, p. 452.
  13. ^ "Charles Pfizer". The New York Times. October 21, 1906.

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