ملف:Italy 1000 AD-es.svg

 وصف قصير

 Other versions

قالب:Other versions/Italy 1000 AD قالب:Translation possible

 References

• Bjorklund, Oddvar; Holmboe, Haakon; Rohr, Anders (1970) Historical Atlas of the World, Barnes & Noble, NY, SBN: 389-00253-4.
• This map from Allyn & Bacon, Longman, textbook publishers.
• This map of the w:en:Holy Roman Empire
• A map from Attilios
• This map of 1050 AD Italy, from the 1923 The Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd
• This map of 1000 AD Italy from Fordham University, adapted from Muir's Historical Atlas, (1911).

In addition, a number of other sources were consulted in an effort to determine the following matters:

• The extent of Venetian control over the cities of Dalmatia such as Zara and Spalato. Although the Venetians had been pushed off the mainland earlier, in the period around the year 1000, the Venetians made an effort to recover these cities.
• The extent of Saracen control over Corsica and Sardinia. Information is sparse. The apparent situation is that the Muslims had several bases on the coasts of these islands, but did not control the countryside (such as they did in Sicily).
• Whether or not the principalities of Capua and Benevento were separate states in the year 1000. Based on lists of their rulers (various Pandulfs and Landulfs), the answer seems to be "yes".
• Who controlled the Balkans on the southeastern border of the Kingdom of Croatia. Candidates include Bulgaria, the Byzantine Empire, Croatia, and Serbia.

As noted, there is significant disagreement among sources on these questions.

This map was commissioned by Attilios, and there is also a discussion to be found on MapMaster's English talk page.

 ترخيص

I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: يسمح بنسخ و توزيع و/أو تعديل هذا المستند وفق شروط رخصة الوثائق الحرة (جنو) إصدار 1.2 أو أي إصدار أحدث المنشورة من قبل مؤسسة البرمجيات الحرة بدون أقسام ثابته و نصوص الغلاف الأمامي و الخلفي.