1760
► | قرن 17 | << قرن 18 >> | قرن 19 | ◄
► | عقد 1730 | عقد 1740 | عقد 1750 | << عقد 1760 >> | عقد 1770 | عقد 1780 | عقد 1790 | ◄
► | ► | 1755 | 1756 | 1757 | 1758 | 1759 | << 1760 >> | 1761 | 1762 | 1763 | 1764 | 1765 | ◄ | ◄
تحويل 1-1-1760م الى هجري (وصلة خارجية) | تحويل 31-12-1760م الى هجري (وصلة خارجية) | ابحث في الموسوعة عن مواضيع متعلقة بسنة 1760
| الألفية: | الألفية 2 |
|---|---|
| القرون: | القرن 17 - القرن 18 - القرن 19 |
| العقود: | عقد 1730 عقد 1740 عقد 1750 - عقد 1760 - عقد 1770 عقد 1780 عقد 1790 |
| السنوات: | 1757 1758 1759 - 1760 - 1761 1762 1763 |
| 1760 حسب الموضوع: | |
| الفنون والعلوم | |
| الآثار – العمارة – الفن – الأدب (الشعر) – الموسيقى – العلوم | |
| البلدان | |
| مصر - سوريا | |
| قوائم الزعماء | |
| حكام المستعمرات – زعماء الدول | |
| تصنيفا المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفا التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| التأسيسات – الانحلالات | |
| تصنيف الأعمال | |
| الأعمال | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 1760 MDCCLX |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 2513 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 1209 ԹՎ ՌՄԹ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 6510 |
| التقويم البهائي | −84 – −83 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 1167 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 2710 |
| سنة العهد البريطاني | 33 Geo. 2 – 1 Geo. 3 |
| التقويم البوذي | 2304 |
| التقويم البورمي | 1122 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 7268–7269 |
| التقويم الصيني | 己卯年 (التراب الأرنب) 4456 أو 4396 — إلى — 庚辰年 (المعدن التنين) 4457 أو 4397 |
| التقويم القبطي | 1476–1477 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2926 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1752–1753 |
| التقويم العبري | 5520–5521 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1816–1817 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 1682–1683 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4861–4862 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 11760 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 760–761 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 1138–1139 |
| التقويم الهجري | 1173–1174 |
| التقويم الياباني | Hōreki 10 (宝暦１０年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | الگريگوري ناقص 11 يوم |
| التقويم الكوري | 4093 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 152 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前152年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 2303 |
سنة 1760 (MDCCLX) كانت سنة كبيسة تبدأ يوم الثلاثاء (الرابط يعرض التقويم كاملاً) التقويم الگريگوري، السنة 1760 بعد الميلاد (م)، السنة 760 في الألفية 2، السنة 60 في القرن 18، والسنة 1st في عقد 1760 بين 1583 و 1929 ومع فارق 1760 is 11 يوم عن التقويم اليوليوسي، والذين ظلوا مستخدمين حتى التحول الكامل إلى التقويم الگريگوري في 1929.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
أحداث
يناير-مارس
- 9 يناير - At the Battle of Barari Ghat, Afghan forces defeat the Marathas.
- 22 يناير - حرب السنوات السبع - معركة واندى‌واش، الهند الفرنسية: الجنرال البريطاني إير كوت ينتصر على الفرنسيين، بقيادة توماس آرثر لالي.[1] لالي يتحصن ببقايا القوات في پونديچري. وكانت پونديچري محاصـَرة من قِبل الإنگليز، بحراً وبراً.
- January 28 – Benning Wentworth creates the New Hampshire Grant of Pownal, Vermont.
- February 15 – The British Royal Navy ship HMS Royal Katherine runs aground off Bolt Head in England, with the loss of 699 lives.
- February 21–26 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland: A force of French troops, under the command of privateer François Thurot, captures and holds the town and castle of Carrickfergus before retiring; the force is defeated (and Thurot killed) in a naval action in the Irish Sea, on February 28.[2]
- February 27 – Seven Years' War – French and Indian War & Anglo-Cherokee War: Cherokee natives attack a North Carolina militia stationed at Fort Dobbs, in the western part of the province. The attack is repelled by the militia, under the command of General Hugh Waddell.
- March 20 – The Great Fire of Boston, Massachusetts, destroys 349 buildings and marks the biggest conflagration in the American colonies up to that time.[3]
April–June
- April 3 – Great Britain and Prussia agree to begin peace negotiations to end the Seven Years' War. [4]
- April 7 – 'Tacky's War', a slave rebellion, begins in Jamaica and lasts for 18 months. During the uprising, 60 white residents are killed and more than 400 black rebels die in the suppression of the revolt. Another 500 are deported to the British Honduras. [5]
- April 10 – France's Minister of the Navy Nicolas René Berryer finally receives permission to send ships to assist French forces at Quebec, and a fleet of six ships under the command of Captain François Chenard de la Giraudais of the French frigate Machault departs Bordeaux, albeit too late to prevent the loss of New France to the British. [6]
- April 11 – The Burmese Army, under the command of King Alaungpaya, reaches the outskirts of Siam's capital, Ayutthaya, but then retreats rather than laying siege to the city. [7]
- April 12 – Two of the six French ships run into a British blockade led by Britain's Admiral Edward Boscawen. Of the remaining four, one sinks before it can reach North America. [6]
- April 20 – France's Marshal François Gaston de Lévis departs from Montreal up the St. Lawrence River with 7,000 troops on a plan to retake Quebec City from the British. [8]
- April 22 – Belgian entertainer Joseph Mervin is said to have given the first demonstration of roller skates, in a performance at the Carlisle House in London, but the stunt ends in disaster. [9]
- April 26 – Marshal Lévis and his troops land at Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures, adjacent to Quebec City, and prepares to lay siege to the British occupying force. [8]
- April 27 – British Army Brigadier General James Murray marches a force of 3,500 men toward Saint-Augustin to confront Marshal Lévis and the French Army. [8]
- April 28 – British defenders and the French Army clash at the Battle of Sainte-Foy to determine the future control of Quebec. General Murray is forced to retreat after the British suffer 259 deaths and 845 wounded, while the French under Marshal Lévis suffer 193 deaths and 640 wounded. [10]
- April 29 – Representatives of the remaining Penobscot Indian tribes in Maine and New Brunswick make peace with the British at Fort Pownal in Newfoundland. [11]
- April 30 – Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli presents a paper at the French Academy of Sciences in Paris in which "a mathematical model was used for the first time to study the population dynamics of infectious disease." [12]
- May 11 – King Alaungpaya of Burma dies during a retreat from Ayutthaya after stopping at the village of Kinywa while en route to Martaban. His son Naungdawgyi becomes the new King of Burma. [7]
- May 16 – Three Royal Navy ships, under the command of Commodore Robert Swanton on إتش‌إم‌إس Vanguard, arrives to break siege of Quebec before Marshal Lévis can recapture the city from the British.
- May 17 – Captain Giraudais's French fleet reaches the Gaspé Peninsula of northeast Quebec and captures seven British merchant ships, but Giraudais learns that the British have already preceded him up the St. Lawrence River and diverts to Chaleur Bay at Newfoundland. [6]
- June 4 – Expulsion of the Acadians: New England planters arrive to claim land in Nova Scotia taken from the Acadians.
- June 19 – The British create Cumberland County and Lincoln County in Maine.[11]
- June 22 – Britain's Captain John Byron, commanding HMS Fame locates France's Captain Giraudais but runs aground on June 25 before it can attack.[6]
July–September
- July 3 – A lightning strike causes a major fire at Portsmouth Royal Dockyard in England.[13][14]
- July 8 – Seven Years' War – French and Indian War – Battle of Restigouche: The British defeat French forces, in the last naval battle in New France.
- July 19 – A formal request is made to the Spanish government, to allow the founding of the later city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
- July 31 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Warburg: The Anglo-Hanoverian army of Ferdinand of Brunswick storms Warburg, with a heroic role being played by the English commander Lord Granby.
- August 21 – The church (later cathedral) of Our Lady of Candlemas of Mayagüez (Puerto Rico) is founded, establishing the basis for the founding of the city.
- August 30 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Legnica: By a series of brilliant maneuvers, Frederick the Great manages to defeat the Austrian army of Marshal Laudon, before it can unite with that of Marshal Daun.
- September 8 – Seven Years' War: Jeffery Amherst and his British troops capture Montreal from the French, effectively bringing Canada completely under British control.[15]
- September 18 – The town (later city) of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, is founded.
October–December
- October 5 – The wedding of Princess Isabella of Parma and Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor takes place at Hofburg Palace's Redoute Hall (Redoutensaele), at the former imperial palace in Vienna.[16]
- October 9 – Seven Years' War: Russian troops enter Berlin.
- October 16 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Kloster-Kamp: Ferdinand of Brunswick is beaten back from the Rhine by a French army.
- October 25 – George II of Great Britain dies; his 22-year old grandson George, Prince of Wales, succeeds to the throne as King George III and reigns for 59 years until his death on January 29, 1820.
- November 3 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Torgau: In another extremely hard battle, Frederick defeats Daun's Austrians, who withdraw across the Elbe.
- November 29 – French Army Colonel François-Marie Picoté de Belestre formally surrenders Detroit to British Army Major Robert Rogers, and the British Union Jack is raised over Fort Detroit. [17]
- December 4 – For the first time since the surrender of Fort Detroit by France, British authorities meet nearby at a Native American council house the site with delegates from various Indian tribes that had fought as allies of the French Army, such as the Wyandot and Ottawa Indians, and with tribes that had formerly been allies of the British. The European and Native American representatives open the peace conference with the presentation by the Indians to the British of a wampum belt, and the pronouncement from the principal chief that "The ancient friendship is now renewed, and I wash the blood off the earth that had been shed during the present war, that you may bury the war hatchet in the bottomless pit." [18]
- December 6 – The siege of Pondicherry, a stronghold of France in India, is begun by British Army Lieutenant General Eyre Coote. The French commander, General Thomas Lally, is finally forced to surrender Pondicherry to the British on January 15, 1761. [19]
- December 18 – In the wake of Tacky's War by African-born rebels, the Assembly of the British colony of Jamaica outlaws the African religious practice of obeah, with penalties ranging from banishment from the colony to execution. The legislation specifically bans use of contraband associated with obeah, including "animal blood, feathers, parrots' beaks, dogs' teeth, alligators' teeth, broken bottles, grave dirt, rum, and eggshells". [20]
مجهولة التاريخ
- الأب شارل-ميشل دى ليپي يفتتح مدرسة لتعليم الصم في پاريس، والتي تصبح المعهد الوطني للشباب الأصم في پاريس، أول مدرسة مجانية للصم في العالم.
- د. جيمس فورديس ينشر كتابه من مجلدين بعنوان خطب للشابات.
- البلدان الغربية تدفع 3,000,000 أوقية من الفضة مقابل سلع صينية.
- تاريخ تقريبي - أبوظبي تتأسس.[بحاجة لمصدر]
- ملك سگو توم مانسا يلقى مصرعه، على يد حراسه. نگولو ديارا، ذو الشعبية الجارفة، يتولى الحكم في 1766، ويوسـِّع مملكة سگو لتشمل تمبكتو وجنيه، ثم أطلق تجريدتين ضد الموسي في أعالي نهر الڤولتا (بوركينا فاسو). وقد أعاد تأسيس العاصمة في سگو كورو التي كانت قد هـُجـِرت قبل سنوات، وأسس أسرة مالكة حكمت حتى 1862.
- 1760-1762 - ملك كرتلي تيموراز الثاني قاد مفاوضات مع روسيا طالباً منها مساعدة كرتلي بإرسال تجريدة ضد إيران وللدفاع عن كرتلي من الداغستانيين.
- 1760–1779 - شاه فارس، كريم خان زند، الذي كان وصياً على إسماعيل الثالث الصفوي، يصبح مستقلاً. العاصمة كانت شيراز.
- جيش المراثا، بقيادة سداشيو بو (ابن عم الپشوا)، يخرج لقتال الأفغان. بو يستولي على دلهي. ويرفض التحالف مع سوراج مال والسيخ. الأفغان يقطعون خط إمداده من مهارشترا ويحاصرون معسكره في پانيپات.
مواليد
- January 11
- Zofia Potocka, Greek slave courtesan, agent for Russia and Polish noble (ت. 1822)
- Oliver Wolcott Jr., American lawyer and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of the Treasury, 24th Governor of Connecticut (ت. 1833)
- February 3 – John Storm, American Revolutionary soldier (ت. 1835)
- March 1 – François Nicolas Leonard Buzot, French Revolutionary leader (suicide 1794)
- March 10 – Leandro Fernández de Moratín, Spanish dramatist, translator and neoclassical poet (ت. 1828)
- March 28 – Thomas Clarkson, English abolitionist (ت. 1846)
- April 16 – Sigismund Friedrich Hermbstädt, German pharmacist, chemist (ت. 1833)
- April 30 – Joseph Souham, French general (ت. 1837)
- May 10 – Johann Peter Hebel, German poet (ت. 1826)
- May 28 – Alexandre, Vicomte de Beauharnais, French politician, general (ت. 1794)
- May 29 – Charlotte Slottsberg, Swedish ballerina (ت. 1800)
- June 12 – Jean-Baptiste Louvet de Couvrai, French novelist, playwright, journalist, politician and diplomat (ت. 1797)
- June 16 – Louise Contat, French actress (ت. 1813)
- July 13 – István Pauli (Pável), Hungarian Slovene priest, writer (ت. 1829)
- August 3 – Jacques Réattu, French artist 9d. (1833)
- August 22 – Pope Leo XII, (و. Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga), Italian priest (ت. 1829)
- September 14 – Luigi Cherubini, Italian composer (ت. 1842)
- September 21 – Olof Swartz, Swedish botanist (ت. 1818)
- September 30 – Michele Cachia, Maltese architect and military engineer (ت. 1839)
- October 7 (bapt.) – Fredrica Löf, Swedish actress (ت. 1813)
- October 17 – Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon, French economist, political theorist (ت. 1825)
- October 27 – August von Gneisenau, Prussian field marshal (ت. 1831)
- October 31? – Hokusai, born Katsushika Tokitarō, Japanese Edo period artist, ukiyo-e painter and printmaker (died 1849)
- November 13 – Jiaqing Emperor of China (ت. 1820)
- November 21 – Joseph Plumb Martin, American Revolutionary soldier and narrative author (ت. 1850)
- November 28 – Maria Teresa Poniatowska, Polish noblewoman (ت. 1834)
- December 17 – Deborah Sampson, first American female soldier (ت. 1827)
- مجهولة التاريخ
- Adam Gillies, Lord Gillies, Scottish judge (ت. 1842)
- Emma Jane Greenland, English painter, writer, singer (ت. 1843)
- Clelia Durazzo Grimaldi, Italian botanist (ت. 1830)
- Moscho Tzavela, Greek-Souliote heroine (ت. 1803)
- probable date – Lemuel Francis Abbott, English portrait painter (ت. 1802)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
وفيات
- February 22 – Anna Magdalena Bach, accomplished German singer, second wife of Johann Sebastian Bach (و. 1701)
- April 3 – John Rous, Royal Navy officer during King George's War and the Seven Years' War (و. 1702)
- April 6 – Charlotte Charke, British actor and writer (و. 1713)
- April 10 – Jean Lebeuf, French historian (و. 1687)
- April 11 – Prince Moritz of Anhalt-Dessau, German general (و. 1712)
- April 18 – Mary Alexander, influential colonial-era merchant in New York City (و. 1693)
- May 5 – Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers, English murderer (hanged) (و. 1720)
- May 9 – Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf, German religious and social reformer (و. 1700)
- May 10 – Christoph Graupner, German composer (و. 1683)
- May 15 – King Alaungpaya of Burma (و. 1711)
- May 22 – Israel ben Eliezer aka Baal Shem Tov, Polish-born mystical rabbi, founder of Hasidic Judaism (و. 1698)
- May 30 – Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp, German duchess (و. 1712)
- June 13 – Antoine Court, French Huguenot minister (و. 1696)
- July 13 – Conrad Weiser, Pennsylvania's ambassador to the Iroquois Confederacy (و. 1696)
- August 27 – Smart Lethieullier, English antiquary (و. 1701)
- September 11 – Louis Godin, French astronomer (و. 1704)
- September 17 – George Bowes, English coal proprietor, Member of Parliament (و. 1701)
- October 15 – Nicolas d'Assas, captain of the French regiment of Auvergne (و. 1733)
- 25 أكتوبر - الملك جورج الثاني من بريطانيا العظمى (و. 1683)
- November 30 – Friederike Caroline Neuber, German actress (و. 1697)
References
- ^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 320. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Rodger, N. A. M. (2006). The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, 1649–1815. London: Penguin Books; National Maritime Museum. p. 283. ISBN 0-14-102690-1.
- ^ "Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p54
- ^ Basil Williams, The Life of William Pitt, Volume 2 (Frank Cass & Co., 1913, reprinted by Routledge, 2014) p80
- ^ Candace Ward, Desire and Disorder: Fevers, Fictions, and Feeling in English Georgian Culture (Bucknell University Press, 2007) p179
- ^ أ ب ت ث "Machault", in Warships of the World to 1900, ed. by Lincoln P. Paine (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2000) pp99-100
- ^ أ ب William J. Topich and Keith A. Leitich, The History of Myanmar (ABC-CLIO, 2013) pp38-39
- ^ أ ب ت Paul Williams, Frontier Forts Under Fire: The Attacks on Fort William Henry (1757) and Fort Phil Kearny (1866) (McFarland, 2017) p101
- ^ William Hartston, The Encyclopedia of Useless Information (Sourcebooks, 2007)
- ^ Raymond B. Blake, et al., Conflict and Compromise: Pre-Confederation Canada (University of Toronto Press, 2012) p104
- ^ أ ب Federal Writers Project, Maine: A Guide 'Down East (Houghton Mifflin, 1937) p37
- ^ Charles Roberts, Ordinary Differential Equations: Applications, Models, and Computing (CRC Press, 2011) pp139-140
- ^ "Portsmouth Dockyard". Battleships-Cruisers.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-09-27.
- ^ "Chronology Of Events In Portsmouth – 1700-1799". History In Portsmouth. Archived from the original on أغسطس 22, 2011. Retrieved سبتمبر 27, 2011.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. p. 222. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ "wedding-supper". www.google.com. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
- ^ Bill Loomis, On This Day in Detroit History (Arcadia Publishing, 2016) p188
- ^ "1763 in Native American Country", by Ulrike Kirchberger, in Decades of Reconstruction: Postwar Societies, State-Building and International Relations from the Seven Years' War to the Cold War", ed. by Ute Planert and James Retallack (Cambridge University Press, 2017) p72
- ^ "Carnatic Wars", in Wars That Changed History: 50 of the World's Greatest Conflicts, ed. by Spencer C. Tucker (ABC-CLIO, 2015) p222
- ^ Rebecca Shumway, Trevor R. Getz, Slavery and its Legacy in Ghana and the Diaspora (Bloomsbury, 2017) p76