فرانكونيا العليا

فرانكونيا العليا Oberfranken Upper Franconia
Regierungsbezirk
Flag Coat of arms
خريطة باڤاريا تبيّن فرانكونيا العليا
خريطة ألمانيا تبيّن فرانكونيا العليا
البلد	ألمانيا
الولاية	باڤاريا
مقر المنطقة	بايرويت
المساحة
• الإجمالي	7٬230٫19 كم² (2٬791٫59 ميل²)
التعداد  (31 ديسمبر 2018)
• الإجمالي	1٬067٬482
• الكثافة	150/km2 (380/sq mi)
الموقع الإلكتروني	regierung.oberfranken.bayern.de

فرانكونيا العليا (ألمانية: Oberfrankencode: de is deprecated ؛ باڤارية: Obafrankncode: bar is deprecated ؛ إنگليزية: Upper Franconiacode: en is deprecated ) هي Regierungsbezirk (منطقة [Regierungs] الادارية [bezirk]) في ولاية باڤاريا، في جنوب ألمانيا. وتشكل جزءاً من المنطقة الهامة تاريخياً فرانكونيا (انظر أيضاً: فرانكونيا الوسطى وفرانكونيا السفلى)، وكلهم الآن أجزاء من الولاية الاتحادية الألمانية بايرن (باڤاريا).

With more than 200 independent breweries which brew approximately 1000 different types of beer, Upper Franconia has the worlds highest brewery-density per capita. A special Franconian beer route (Fränkische Brauereistraße) leads along popular breweries.

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 الجغرافيا

The administrative region borders on Thuringia (Thüringen) to the north, Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) to the west, Middle Franconia (Mittelfranken) to the south-west, and Upper Palatinate (Oberpfalz) to the south-east, Saxony (Sachsen) to the north-east and the Czech Republic to the east.

 التاريخ

After the founding of the Kingdom of Bavaria the state was totally reorganised and, in 1808, divided into 15 administrative government regions (German: Regierungsbezirke (singular Regierungsbezirk)), in Bavaria called Kreise (singular: Kreis). They were created in the fashion of the French departements, quite even in size and population, and named after their main rivers.

In the following years, due to territorial changes (e. g. loss of Tyrol, addition of the Palatinate), the number of Kreise was reduced to 8. One of these was the Mainkreis (Main District). In 1837 king Ludwig I of Bavaria renamed the Kreise after historical territorial names and tribes of the area. This also involved some border changes or territorial swaps. Thus the name Mainkreis changed to Upper Franconia.

 المعالم

Next to the former episcopal residence city of Bamberg, العاصمة بايرويت, the former residence city of Coburg and the classicist downtown of Hof as well as the towns of Lichtenfels, Kronach, Gößweinstein and Kulmbach, the Weißenstein Palace, Banz Abbey and the Basilica of the Fourteen Holy Helpers, the scenic attractions of the River Main and the low mountain ranges of Fichtel Mountains with the town of Wunsiedel and the Franconian Forest belong to the major tourist attractions. There are also numerous spas like Bad Rodach, Bad Steben, Bad Staffelstein, Bad Berneck and Bad Alexandersbad.

 الدرع

+درع فرانكونيا العليا
	الدرع يظهر عليه: the heraldic lion of Bamberg in the upper left the black and white pattern of the Hohenzollern family in the upper center the green crown in bend of the Arms of Saxony in the upper right the Arms of Franconia in the lower half

 التقسيمات الادارية

Oberfranken is subdivided into nine Landkreise (districts) and four Kreisfreie Städte (district-free or independent cities).

Landkreise:

• Bamberg
• Bayreuth
• Coburg
• Forchheim
• Hof
• Kronach
• Kulmbach
• Lichtenfels
• Wunsiedel

Kreisfreie Städte:

• بامبرگ
• بايرويت
• كوبورگ
• هوف

 التعداد التاريخي

Year	Population
1900	608,116
1910	661,862
1939	790,151
1950	1,088,721
1961	1,056,087
1970	1,079,131
1987	1,036,576
2002	1,112,655
2005	1,101,390
2006	1,094,525
2008	1,085,770
2010	1,071,984

 انظر أيضاً

• Middle Franconia (Mittelfranken)
• Lower Franconia (Unterfranken)

 وصلات خارجية

• Official website (بالألمانية)
• Sights in Frankonia (بالألمانية)