اقتصاد عام
اقتصاد عام هو دراسة لسياسة الحكومة من خلال عدسة كفاءة الاقتصاد والإنصاف. على المستوى الأكثر أساسية، والاقتصاد العام ويوفر إطارا للتفكير حول ما إذا كان يجب على الحكومة أن تشارك في الأسواق الاقتصاد وإلى أي مدى ينبغي أن يكون دورها. من أجل القيام بذلك ، ويستخدم نظرية الاقتصاد الجزئي لتقييم ما إذا كانت الأسواق الخاصة ومن المرجح أن توفر نتائج فعالة في غياب التدخل الحكومي. بطبيعتها، وهذا ينطوي على دراسة وتحليل الضرائب والنفقات الحكومية. هذا الموضوع يشمل مجموعة كبيرة من المواضيع بما في ذلك فشل السوق ، والعوامل الخارجية، وإنشاء وتنفيذ سياسة الحكومة. الاقتصاد العام يبني على نظرية اقتصاد الرفاه، ويستخدم في نهاية المطاف كأداة لتحسين الرعاية الاجتماعية.
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الاستقرار الاقتصادي الكلي
السلع العامة
نظرية الاختيار العام
الإنتاج العام
تحليل تكلفة المنفعة
Jules Dupuit (1804-1866).
فرض الضرائب
فرانك رامزي
إيرفينج فيشر
أرنولد هاربرجر
كفاءة نظرية ديموند ميرليس
الضرائب المفروضة على العوامل الخارجية
الفدرالية المالية
عجز التمويل
قراءات خارجية
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- Wicksell, Knut. "A New Principle of Just Taxation" in Classics in the Theory of Public Finance, ed. R.A. Musgrave and A.T. Peacock (1958)
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انظر أيضاً
Notes
المصادر
- [11]
- Atkinson, Anthony B., and Joseph E. Stiglitz, 1980. Lectures in Public Economics, McGraw-Hill
- Auerbach, Alan J., and Martin S. Feldstein, ed. Handbook of Public Economics. Elsevier.
- 1985, v. 1. Description and preview.
- 1987, v. 2. Description.
- 2002. v. 3. Description.
- 2007. v. 4. Description.
- Barr, Nicholas, 2004. Economics of the Welfare State, 4th ed., Oxford University Press.
- Haveman, Robert 1976. The Economics of the Public Sector.
- Kolm, Serge-Christophe, 1987. "public economics," The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, v. 3, pp. 1047–55.
- Feldstein, Martin S., and Robert P. Inman, ed., 1977. The Economics of Public Services. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Musgrave, Richard A., 1959. The Theory of Public Finance: A Study in Public Economy. J.M. Buchanan review, 1st page.
- Laffont, Jean-Jacques, 1988. Fundamentals of Public Economics, MIT Press. Description.
- Myles, Gareth D., 1995. Public Economics, Cambridge. Description and scroll to chapter-preview links.
- Oates, Wallace E., 1972. Fiscal Federalism, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.
- Olson, Mancur, 1971, 2nd ed.The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups, Harvard University Press, Description and chapter-previews links, pp. ix-x.
- Pigou, A.C., 2001. The Economics of Welfare, Transaction Publishers.
- Stigler, George J. and Paul A. Samuelson, 1963. "A Dialogue on the Proper Economic Role of the State." Selected Papers, No.7. Chicago: University of Chicago Graduate School of Business.
- Starrett, David A., 1988. Foundations of Public Economics, Cambridge. Description. Scroll to chapter-preview links.
- Stiglitz, Joseph E., 1994. 'Rethinking the Economic Role of the State: Publicly Provided Private Goods' Unpublished.
- _____, 1998. "The Role of Government in the Contemporary World," in Vito Tanzi and Ke-Young Chu , Income Distribution and High-Quality Growth, pp. 211-54.
- _____, 2000. Economics of the Public Sector, 3rd ed., Norton.
- Tinbergen, Jan, 1958. On the Theory of Economic Policy.