1202
► | قرن 12 | << قرن 13 >> | قرن 14 | ◄
► | عقد 1170 | عقد 1180 | عقد 1190 | << عقد 1200 >> | عقد 1210 | عقد 1220 | عقد 1230 | ◄
► | ► | 1197 | 1198 | 1199 | 1200 | 1201 | << 1202 >> | 1203 | 1204 | 1205 | 1206 | 1207 | ◄ | ◄
تحويل 1-1-1202م الى هجري (وصلة خارجية) | تحويل 31-12-1202م الى هجري (وصلة خارجية) | ابحث في الموسوعة عن مواضيع متعلقة بسنة 1202
| الألفية: | الألفية 2 |
|---|---|
| القرون: | القرن 12 - القرن 13 - القرن 14 |
| العقود: | عقد 1170 عقد 1180 عقد 1190 - عقد 1200 - عقد 1210 عقد 1220 عقد 1230 |
| السنوات: | 1199 1200 1201 - 1202 - 1203 1204 1205 |
| 1202 حسب الموضوع | |
| السياسة | |
| زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة | |
| تصنيفا المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفا التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| التأسيسات – الانحلالات | |
| الفن والأدب | |
| 1202 في الشعر | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 1202 MCCII |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 1955 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 651 ԹՎ ՈԾԱ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 5952 |
| التقويم البهائي | −642 – −641 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 609 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 2152 |
| سنة العهد الإنگليزي | 3 Joh. 1 – 4 Joh. 1 |
| التقويم البوذي | 1746 |
| التقويم البورمي | 564 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 6710–6711 |
| التقويم الصيني | 辛酉年 (المعدن الديك) 3898 أو 3838 — إلى — 壬戌年 (الماء الكلب) 3899 أو 3839 |
| التقويم القبطي | 918–919 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2368 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1194–1195 |
| التقويم العبري | 4962–4963 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1258–1259 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 1124–1125 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4303–4304 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 11202 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 202–203 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 580–581 |
| التقويم الهجري | 598–599 |
| التقويم الياباني | Kennin 2 (建仁２年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | 1202 MCCII |
| التقويم الكوري | 3535 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 710 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前710年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 1745 |
Year 1202 (MCCII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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أحداث
حسب المنطقة
آسيا
- 23 يوليو - الملكة تمارا من جورجيا تنتصر على سلطنة الروم في باسياني، شمال شرق أرضروم.
- May 20 – An earthquake strikes in Syria.
- في منغوليا، جنگيز خان يسحق التتار، ويستعبد الناجين منهم، ويوزعهم عبيداً على حلفائه, طغرل يشاركه في حملة منصورة ضد المركيت.
- في البنغال، ناديا، عاصمة أسرة سنا، تـُفرغ قبل وصول الجنرال بختيار خلجي.
الحملة الصليبية الرابعة
 |
- May – October – The Fourth Crusade gathers in Venice.
- July – John, King of England rescues his mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine، from near capture by the rebellious forces of Arthur I, Duke of Brittany.[1]
- July 27 – Battle of Basian: Seljuk forces (some 150,000 men) under Suleiman II of Rûm advance toward the Georgian border and are met by a 65,000-strong army led by King David Soslan, husband of Queen Tamar of Georgia at Basian. The Georgians assail the enemy's camp and in a pitched battle, the Seljuk forces are overwhelmed and defeated. The loss of the sultan's banner (while Suleiman himself is wounded), results in panic within the Seljuk ranks. The victory at Basian secures the Georgian preeminence in the region.[2]
- The Livonian Brothers of the Sword is founded by Bishop Albert of Riga, this to support the Livonian Crusade against the inhabitants in Medieval Livonia.[3]
- 1 أغسطس – Arthur I, Duke of Brittany is captured in Mirebeau، north of Poitiers، during a battle with John, King of England.
- 19 أغسطس: Boniface I of Montferrat reaches Venice and officially takes over the leadership of the Fourth Crusade . Since fewer crusaders can be recruited than expected, they are unable to pay for the 200 ships hired by the Republic of Venice . The 85-year-old Doge Enrico Dandolo then takes the cross himself and soon join him thousands of Venetians.
- مطلع أكتوبر: The crusade breaks out of Venice. Originally, the direct crossing to Egypt was planned, but Dandolo convinced the troops, however, to land in the Dalmatian and formerly temporarily controlled by Venice port city of Zara . Many Crusaders refuse their help. But most are convinced by Dandolo's promise that their debt accumulated during the waiting period in Venice would be redeemed. Pope Innocent III. forbids the attack on the city and excommunicates the entire crusader army for it.
- 10 نوفمبر–23 – Fourth Crusade – Siege of Zara: In the first major action of the Crusade, the Crusaders besiege and conquer Zadar in Dalmatia. Unable to pay the Republic of Venice in cash for its contributions to the Crusade, the Crusaders agree to sack the city (an economic rival to Venice), despite letters from Pope Innocent III forbidding such an action, and threatening excommunication (which is carried out at the urging of Emeric, King of Hungary). This is the first attack against a Catholic city by Catholic Crusaders.
- The Almohad fleet expels the Banu Ghaniya from the Balearic Islands.[4]
- The Livonian Brothers of the Sword is founded, to support a crusade against the inhabitants of Medieval Livonia.
- Pope Innocent III reasserts his right to evaluate and crown the Holy Roman Emperor، in a letter to Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen.
- Danes make a crusade to Finland which is led by the Archbishop of Lund Anders Sunesen and his Brother.[5]
- 25 يناير : Sverri , King of Norway , defeated the baglir , supporters of the bishops, besieged since September 1201 in Tønsberg . He becomes the only king. End of the period of anarchy in Norway ( 1030 -1201).
March 9 : Death of Sverre from Norway . Beginning of the reign of his son Håkon III at the age of thirteen
- الربيع : في صربيا، Vukan Nemanjić deposed his brother Stefan with the help of Hungary, whose suzerainty he recognized as well as the supremacy of the Roman Church (ending in 1205 )
- Danish forces make a Crusade to Finland, which is led by Anders Sunesen, archbishop of Lund, and his brother.[6]
- The Almohad fleet expels the Banu Ghaniya from the Balearic Islands.[4]
حسب الموضوع
الثقافة
- Leonardo Fibonacci of Pisa writes Liber Abaci, about the modus Indorum, the Hindu–Arabic numeral system، including the use of zero; it is the first major work in Europe to move away from the use of Roman numerals.
- Approximate date – The first jesters are hired in European courts.
الدين
- The Rueda Abbey is founded by Cistercians at Sástago، in the Kingdom of Aragon (modern-day Spain).
مواليد
- June 2 – Margaret II, Countess of Flanders (ت. 1278)
- Matilda II, Countess of Boulogne، spouse of King Afonso III of Portugal (ت. 1262)
- Qin Jiushao، Chinese mathematician of the Song dynasty (ت. 1261)
وفيات
- 9 يناير – Birger Brosa، Swedish Jarl
- March 9 – Sverre Sigurdsson، King of Norway since 1184
- March 13 – Mieszko III the Old، king of Poland (و. c. 1121)
- May 7 – Hamelin de Warenne, Earl of Surrey
- November 12 – Canute VI of Denmark (و. 1163)
- Cathal Carragh Ua Conchobair، King of Connacht
- Alain de Lille، French theologian and poet (و. c. 1128)
العلوم والتكنولوجيا
- 1202 was a program alarm during the lunar descent phase of the Apollo 11 Lunar Module caused by a data overflow in the Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC)
المراجع
- ^ Warren, W. L. (1961). King John. University of California Press. pp. 77–78.
- ^ Ivane Javakhishvili (1983). History of the Georgian Nation, p. 249. Tbilisi: Georgia.
- ^ Tyerman, Christopher (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades, pp. 689–691. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-02387-0.
- ^ أ ب Picard, Christophe (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
- ^ Georg Haggren; Petri Halinen; Mika Lavento; Sami Raninen ja Anna Wessman (2015). Muinaisuutemme jäljet. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. p. 380.
- ^ Georg Haggren; Petri Halinen; Mika Lavento; Sami Raninen ja Anna Wessman (2015). Muinaisuutemme jäljet. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. p. 380.